More than half of Americans do not take all their vacation days，even though they think they need one more holiday.And nearly a third of workers who take a break check their e-mails from the boss every other day and some even keep in touch hourly.

“We’re workaholics(工作狂)’，”said Samuel Nahmias.“From a general perspective，this has a lot to do with the economic situation in the US.More and more people are unemployed.”

With jobless numbers reaching 9.6 percent，people who have jobs seem to be unwilling to take time off.“It_is_not_a_great_picture and that affects vacations.People are not going on vacation as much and those who are going on vacation are being more selective about where they are going.”Nahmias explained.

Unlike European countries where four or more weeks of holiday each year is normal,27 percent of people questioned in the poll said they had 6 to 10 days of annual leave and 20 percent had less than 3 days.With more people on unemployment lists in America，those still with jobs are facing more responsibility at work，which is reflected in their lack of time off.

The majority of workers who did not take time off mentioned too many responsibilities or stress at work，while some people said they simply did not have time to plan a holiday.“People are more conscious of what they are doing and when they are going on vacation because they don’t want to look bad in this situation，”Nahmias explained.

Technology is also playing a part with smartphones enabling workers to keep in contact in ways that were not possible before.It has to do with technology and the level of concern about what is going on in the office.

1．Americans don’t take all their vacation days because ________.

A．they devote themselves to the whole work

B．they are afraid that they may lose their jobs

C．they are asked to keep in touch with their bosses

D．they aren’t in need of holidays at all

2．What does Nahmias mean by saying the underlined words in Paragraph 3?

A．Travelling makes people unwelcome.

B．People are unwilling to go on short vacations.

C．The economic situation remains at a low point.

D．People are more selective about places of interest.

3.We can infer from Paragraph 4 that ________.

A．Unemployment rate is higer in America than that in Europe

B．European economic situation is better than that in America

C．Americans are more hard-working than Europeans

D．More people are losing their jobs in Europe

4．What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Americans are all workaholic.

B．Many Americans don’t choose to take vacations.

C．Unemployment is going from bad to worse.

D．US economic situation becomes worse and worse.

Shopping in the United States changes a lot. About ninety years ago most people shopped in small stores that were owned by one person or a family. Women went from the bakery to the butcher’s to the grocer and on to the fruit and vegetable seller in order to get their food for the week. Then, about sixty years ago, supermarkets were born. In a supermarket, people could get all the different kinds of food they needed without going to different stores.

The next big change in shopping in the United States was the shopping mall. A shopping mall is a group of stores under one roof. Because malls allowed people to shop without worrying about the weather, they soon became very popular. The mall became a place for people to socialize in addition to shopping. If you walk through a mall, you will see older people sitting, chatting and drinking coffee. Malls are places for teenagers to hang out. Many teens will often just “go to the mall” and spend time with their friends.

The recent change in American shopping was the superstore. Large chain stores such as Wal-Mart, Office Depot and Toys“R”Us have been built all across the United States. Because they are so large, they can buy goods at a great discount and sell them much cheaper than smaller stores. Sometimes, when they are built near small towns, many of the small town stores have to close. They just cannot compete with their giant neighbors.

And now, online shopping is becoming more and more popular all over the States. People are too busy to go to the physical stores, so they go shopping over the Internet. Online shopping has lots of advantages. For instance, online stores are usually available 24 hours a day. Searching or browsing online shops can be faster than browsing the physical stores. While, online shopping also has its disadvantages. People are at higher risk of being cheated on the part of the merchant than in a physical store. And privacy of personal information may be let out.

Which of the following shows the right order of shopping development in the United States?

①small stores  ②superstores  ③shopping malls  ④shopping online     ⑤supermarkets

A. ①②③④⑤      B. ①⑤②③④      C. ②③④①⑤      D. ①⑤③②④

Which is the place for people to spend time with others according to the passage?

A. Small stores.     B. Shopping malls. C. Supermarkets.    D. Superstores.

Why can the superstores sell products at much lower prices?

A. Because they can buy goods at a reduction in price.

B. Because they are across the United States.

C. Because they sell all kinds of products people need.

D. Because they are built near small towns.

What’s the disadvantage of online shopping according to the passage?

A. Wasting time.           B. Fixed prices.

C. Leaking personal information.  D. No chance to do physical activities.

The purpose of keeping fit is to avoid illness, resist the mental and physical fatigue（疲劳）that make us more likely to contract infections (传染病), and above all to feel more pleasure in being alive. Research has shown the value of a balanced diet, fresh air, sunshine, enough rest and some forms of regular exercise for everyone. If everyone followed this plan, the number of people visiting the doctor and going to hospital would be considerably reduced.?

Unfortunately, although most people know the importance of physical fitness, not enough of us put this into practice. We spend too much time watching others from the comfort of an armchair or a seat in the stand at a sports stadium.

One reason why people who are physically fit to live longer is that they do not put the heart under excessive strain（过度劳累）and so they reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel（血管）diseases .They also avoid suffering the weakened muscles, which are the cause of a great deal of back and abdominal（腹部的）trouble.

About 640 muscles for about 45% of our body’s weight, they must have the ability to store energy and be continually supplied with fuel by the blood. Some exercise, suited to each person and good advice of a doctor, can promise you a healthy body.

Why do people want to prevent illness?

A. Because they want to avoid health.?

B. Because they want to add mental and physical fatigue.?

C. Because they want to feel happier and live longer.?

D. Because they want to obtain much more money.

What happens to him if a man follows the plan given by the researchers?

A. He will be more exhausted（疲惫的）.?

B. He will know his doctor very well.?

C. He will do less work.?

D. He may be less familiar with the hospital.

Which is NOT the reason why people can keep fit and live longer?

A. They do not let their heart too tired.

B. They avoid heart diseases.

C. They avoid using the weakened muscles.

D. Their muscles can store much energy.

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Everyone knows the importance of this plan.?

B. Not all people do what the plan tells them to do.?

C. Most people put the plan into practice.?

D. No one wants to do with this plan.

What is the best way for people to follow in order to keep fit?

A. They must do as much exercise as they can.?

B. They should avoid storing energy and fuel by the blood.?

C. They might have 640 muscles working all the time.?

D. They should do proper exercise and follow the doctor's advice.

Everyone has got two personalities—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don't show your secret personality when you're awake because you can control your behaviour，but when you're asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their position. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.

If you go to sleep on your back，you're a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don't like to upset people，so you never express your real feelings. You're quite shy and you aren't very confident.

If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you're always easily upset. You're very stubborn，but you aren't very ambitious. You usually live for today not for tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.

If you sleep curled up(卷曲), you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you're often defensive. You're shy and you don't normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on your own. You're easily hurt. 

If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well－balanced personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. You're usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious，but you don't often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.

1. According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality ________.

A. only in a normal night

B. only when you go to sleep

C. only when you refuse to show yourself to the world

D. only when you change sleeping position

2. Which is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph about a person's personality?

A. He or she is always open with others.

B. He or she always likes new ideas earlier than others.

C. He or she is always easily upset.

D. He or she tends to believe in others.

3. Which of the following shows the personality of a person sleeping on his stomach?

A. He or she is careful not to offend others.

B. He or she doesn't want to stick to his or her opinion.

C. He or she can't be successful in any business.

D. He or she likes to bring others happiness.

4. Why don't you possibly want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up?

A. He or she would rather be alone than communicate with you.

B. He or she is rarely ready to help you.

C. He or she prefers staying at home to going out.

D. He or she wouldn't like to get help from you.

5. It appears that the writer tends to think highly of the person who sleeps on one side because ________.

A. he or she always shows sympathy for people

B. he or she is confident，but not stubborn

C. he or she has more strengths than weaknesses

D. he or she often considers annoying people