阅读理解

阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项)

　　Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible．If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel example．

　　At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his motional state．Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient’s illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary．

　　The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor．If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to the doctor．What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague．

　　Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization．There are nurse managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations．Each unit’s nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when．

　　Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital．She is also a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors．

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Directions：Read the following three passages．Each passages is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked with A, B, C and D．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage．

　　Have you ever walked to the shops, only to find when you get there that you’ve completely forgotten what you go for? Or have you struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years, we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles(皱纹)and grey hair．But now a new book suggests we’ve got it all wrong．

　　According to The Secret Life Of The Grown－up Brain, by science writer, Barbara Strauch, our brains actually get better with age．In fact, she argues many new studies have found that the brain hits its peak(最高点)between our 40s and 60s－much later than previously thought．

　　Furthermore, not losing many brain cells as we age, we preserve them, and even produce new ones well into middle age．For years it's been accepted that the brain, much like the body, got worse with age．But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age(变老)suggests otherwise．

　　This continuing research has followed 6, 000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years．It has found that, on average, they performed better in cognitive tests in their late 40s and 50s than they had in their 20s．Specifically, older people did better in tests of vocabulary, spatial orientation(空间方向)skills, verbal memory(how many words you can remember)and problem solving．

　　Where they were weaker was in numeracy(计算能力)(how quickly one can multiply, add, subtract and divide)and the speed at which they could move．However, with harder tasks, such as problem－solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond．In short, researchers are going to come up with scientific evidence that we do get wiser with age．

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