请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Communication Principles

How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate．“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he（or she）is the center”．Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them．But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication．A student．for instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions．and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class．”The teacher might say the opposite．Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong．

The concept of serf originates in communication．Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others．You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of you．Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process．Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people．In a more obvious way．communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．So，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the self．

Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life．If you are not communicating  with yourself（thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you），you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior．Even if the other person did not intend a message for you．you gather observations and draw specific conclusions．A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message．A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you．A third person smiles（perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently） and you believe that he is attracted to you．We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．

More often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement．You may have made a joke out of your rude statement．Nonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind．You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others．Communication cannot be reversed（倒退），nor can it be repeated．When you tried to re—create the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed right．Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．

 

Paragraph outline	Supporting Details
Communication begins with the self	●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages． ●we are always（1.）  ▲  in communication with others．
Communication （2.） ▲ others	●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles． ●Messages from others help you（3.）  ▲  who you are． ●Needs and（4.）  ▲  of others should be considered．
Communication （5.）  ▲ everywhere	●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the outside world． ●We are always（6.）  ▲  other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you． ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’（7.）  ▲  ． ●We are constantly（8.）  ▲  meanings by what we do．
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated	●You may explain what you have done，but you cannot（9.）  ▲    what remains in the other person’s mind． ●Yon may redo the conversation，but you（10.）  ▲  achieve the same results．

 

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before.

But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line.    1   Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.

For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread.    2    

If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so.    3   If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.

   4    Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else.    5    At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.

It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.

A．It’s natural that there some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.

B．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face.

C．Everyone was new to the network once.

D．The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.

E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.

F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.

G. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.

 

完形填空。（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A，B，C，D ）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

    When I was in primary school，I got into a major argument with a boy in my class. I can't   36   what it was about，but I have never forgotten the  37  I learned that day.

    I was   38   that I was right and he was wrong－and he was sure that I was wrong and he was right. The   39   decided to teach us a very important lesson. She  __40__ both of us up to the __41__ of the class and placed him on one side of her  42  and me on the other. In the   43   of her desk was a large，round object. I could  __44__ see that it was black. She asked the boy what __45__ the object was.“White，”he answered.

    I couldn't believe he said the object was white, __46__ it was obviously black！Another __47__ started between my classmate and me，this __48__ about the color of the object.

    The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed __49__，and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I __50__ answer，“White.”It was an object with two __51__ colored sides，and from his side it was white.__52__ from my side was it black.

    My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day：You must __53__ in the other person's shoes and look at the __54__ through their eyes in order to __55__ understand their view.

1. A. think             B. suppose          C. remind           D. remember

2. A. lesson            B. lecture          C. class            D. text

3. A. told              B. wished           C. convinced        D. allowed

4. A. officer           B. teacher          C. doctor           D. parent

5. A. told              B. came             C. brought          D. woke

6. A. back              B. front                C. middle           D. side

7. A. eyes              B. desk             C. classroom        D. body

8. A. middle            B. way              C. front            D. back

9. A. happily           B. fortunately      C. clearly              D. nearly

10. A. width            B. shape                C. color            D. size

11. A. when             B. unless           C. until            D. if

12. A. fight            B. argument         C. conversation     D. game

13. A. time             B. year             C. month            D. day

14. A. places           B. seats                C. attitudes        D. glasses

15.A. needed to         B. was able to      C. hoped to         D. had to

16.A. similarly         B. differently      C. beautifully          D. surprisingly

17. A. Still            B. Since                C. Only             D. Also

18.A. seat              B. stand                C. lie              D. put

19. A. situation        B. movement     C. condition        D. behavior

20. A. unexpectedly     B. suddenly         C. quietly          D. truly

 

 

We’ve all been hurt by another person at one time or another. This pain causes problems. It not only causes us to be unhappy, but can ruin relationships, distract(使分心) us from work and family and other important things, make us unwilling to open up new things.

We need to learn to let go. We need to be able to forgive, so we can move on and be happy. Forgiveness does not mean you erase（忘却；抹去）the past, or forget what has happened. All it means is that you are letting go of the anger and pain, and moving on to a better place.

It’s not easy, but you can learn to do it.

Think about the advantages and disadvantages. Think of all the problems this pain causes you, and realize you need to change. Then think of the benefits of forgiveness—— how it will make you happier, free you from the past and the pain, and improve your relationships and life in general.

Try to put yourself in that person’s situation. Try to understand why the person did what he did. What could he have felt as he did it, and what did he feel afterward? How does he feel now? You aren’t saying what he did is right, but are trying to understand instead.

Understand your responsibility. Try to figure out how you could have been partly responsible for what happened. This isn’t to say you’re taking all the blame, or taking responsibility away from the other person, but to realize that we are not victims(受害者) but participants in life.

Allow peace to enter your life. As you focus on the present, try focusing on your breathing. Imagine each breath going out is the pain and the past, and imagine each breath coming in is peace, entering you and filling you up.

Title:  How to let go and forgive

1.   caused by being hurt	Making us unhappy; distracting from daily life; Ruining relationships; making us close to new things.
Definition of forgiveness	●Letting go of the 2.         ; ●Moving on to a better place.
Benefits of forgiveness	●Making you happier; ●3.          from the past and the pain; ●Improving your relationships and life in general
4.	●Thinking about the advantages and disadvantages; ●Trying to understand the other person as if you were in the same situation； ●Figuring out  5.          ; ●Allowing peace to enter your life.

 

Xu Shu was much valued by Liu Bei for his strategic talents. After several victories on the battleground against Cao Cao, Xu was made the chief military advisor. Cao Cao was greatly surprised at the news. “If you want this person,” one of his advisors said, “you can bring his mother to Xuchang and send a forged letter in his mother's handwriting, asking Xu Shu to desert Liu Bei and come here. As Xu is well-known for a strong filial（孝顺的） affection, surely he will come.” This plot worked. For Xu, on receiving the letter, cried tearfully, asking Liu Bei for an immediate departure. Feeling sad, though, Liu persisted in his stay for another night, during which the two aired their sad feelings.

The next day Liu laid a banquet outside the city for Xu. Holding the latter's hand, Liu said,  “After we separate today, only heaven knows when and where we will meet again.” He wept bitter tears.

After setting off on his way, Xu suddenly turned his horse and returned. “I almost forgot an important matter.” He said to Liu. “Ten kilometers from Xiangyang City, in a place called Long zhong, there is a talent called Zhuge Liang. Do you want to meet him？” Liu expressed his willingness at once, but also aired doubt about whether Zhuge Liang was as talented as Xu. “He tells positions of stars in the heavens,” Xu assured him, “and recognizes everything on earth. He knows a person's real nature at the first meeting----the number one talent under the heaven. If you have him as your military advisor, you'll have the country under your name.” Liu suggested a visit to Zhuge by Xu on his behalf. At this, the latter shook his head in disapproval. “You must go and offer your invitation personally, and his acceptance depends entirely on your sincerity.” With these words said, Xu turned his horse and left. Later, Liu paid three trips to Zhuge's straw house, another favorite story among Chinese people.

The underlined word “forged” in Paragraph 1 probably means__________.

A. forced                          B. false                             C. friendly                        D. touching

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Zhuge was able to tell a person’s personality at first sight.

B. No sooner did Xu receive the letter than he departed for Cao Cao.

C. Liu showed little interest in visiting Zhuge because he was doubtful of the stranger’s ability.

D. Liu showed his disapproval when Xu advised him to call on Zhuge in person.

The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.

A. There was no doubt that Zhuge was competent as a military advisor

B. No one would be better than Zhuge in terms of giving military advice

C. Zhuge was such a talent that he could make the country named after Liu

D. With the help of Zhuge, Liu would be able to rule the whole country

The paragraph following the last one most probably deals with __________.

A. why people considered Zhuge as a talent

B. the difficulty Xu met with on the way to meet his mother

C. the plot Cao Cao made to bring Xu’s mother to Xuchang

D. how Liu sincerely invited Zhuge to assist him in military affairs

The text is developed in the order of __________.

A. space                           B. logic                             C. time                            D. cause and result