All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy and happy, and to live longer.

 1.    They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when their player or team wins.

 2.    Football, for example, has spread around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy!    3.    Think how many lovers to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada.

Some sports or game go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet.   4.  Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.

People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends.   5.   One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.

A. And think of people in cold countries.

B. Sports help to train a person’s character.

C. Not a few people participate in different sports competitions themselves.

D. Many people like to watch others play games.

E. People aren’t inventing new sports or games.

F. Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere take part in them.

G. People are inventing new sports or games all the time.

 

     When I first got an email account ten years ago, I received communications only from family,friends,and colleagues.Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail ,I have an endless seriers of advertisement and otner correspondence that do not interest the at all.If we want e-mail to continue to be useful,we need special laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.

If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam，the problem will certainly get much worse。Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly 。as more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products ，individual（个人的）e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails。Would people continue to use e-mail if they ahd to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time？

   This problem is troubling for inviduals and companies as well. Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company.Companies rely on e-mail on on e-mail for their Comployees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local commnications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively.such a situationg results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.These computer problems raise productton costs of companies ,which are,in the end,passed on to the consumer.

For these reasons,I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam.Spammers should be fined,and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people.E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently,but spam is destroying this conwenience.

1.What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?                                                         

  A.messages     B.ideas          C.connections         D.programs

2.According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?      

  A.Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

B.More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

C.Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

D.More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

3.According to Paragraph 3,who is the final victim of spam?             

 A. The business                 B. The advertiser        

 C.The employee                D.The consumer

4.What is the purpose of the text?

       A.To inform                 B.To educate                 C.To persuade               D.To instruet

A new walking, talking robot from Japan which has black hair and a woman’s face that can smile will attend a fashion show. It has trimmed down（减少）to 43kg, but it still hasn’t reached the safety standards required to share the catwalk with human models.

Developers at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, a government-backed organization, said their “cybernetic（全自动控制的）human” wasn’t ready to help with daily housework or work side by side with people—as many hope robots will be able to do in the future.

“In technology, it hasn’t reached that level,” said Hirohisa Hirukawa, one of the robot’s developers. “Even as a fashion model, people in the industry told us she was short and had a rather ordinary figure.”

For now, the 158 cm tall black-haired robot named HRP-4C—whose predecessor（前任）had weighed 58 kg — will mainly serve to draw and entertain crowds. Developers said the robot may be used in amusement parks or to perform human movement, as an exercise instructor, for instance.

 HRP-4C was designed to look like an ordinary Japnese woman, although its silver-and-black body reminds people of a space suit. It will appear in a Tokyo fashion show — without any clothes — in a special part just for the robot next week.

The robotic framework（框架）for  HRP-4C, without the face and other coverings, will go on sale for about 20 million yen（日元） each. Its programming technology will be made public so other people can come up with fun moves for the robot, the scientists said.

Japan is one of the leading robotics industries in the world, and the government is pushing to develop the industry as a road to growth.

1.What do we know about HRP-4C’s predecessor?

A．It is shorter than HRP-4C .    B．It is cleverer than HRP-4C .

C．It is taller than HRP-4C .     D．It is heavier than HRP-4C .

2.According to the passage, how many of the following could HRP-4C do?

a． drawing pictures

b.  walking and talking

c.  doing housework

d.  working with people

e.  smiling

A．2             B．3            C．4            D．5

3.Which of the following about HRP-4C is TURE?

A．It wears a space suit.          

B．Its price is 20 million dollars.     

C．It can be used as an exercise instructor.    

D．As a fashion model, it has a perfect figure.

4.HRP-4C’s programming technology will be made public to        .

A．make money                        B．make new frameworks     

C．let other people improve it           D．help make new face and coverings

5.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．The purpose of making HRP-4C.    B．Robotics industry in Japan.      

C．A new Japanese robot.                D．Japanese and robots.

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
___【小题1】___ This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.
___【小题2】___ He decided to turn his little school house into a dormitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. ___【小题3】___ This was the first hostel (青年招待所).
Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country. ___【小题4】___
Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period．___【小题5】___ For this reason, a few weeks spent ‘hostelling’ can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.

A．In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation.

B．People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them.

C．One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places.

D．As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.

E. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside.
F. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays.
G. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices.

When I first got an e-mail account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need specific laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam, the problem will certainly get much worse. Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual(个人的) e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are, in the end, passes on to the consumer.
For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.
【小题1】According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?    

A．Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

B．More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

C．More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

D．Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

【小题2】According to Paragraph 3, who is the final victim of spam?             

A．The business

B．The advertiser

C．The consumer

D．The employee

【小题3】What is the purpose of the text?

A．To inform

B．To educate

C．To instruct

D．To persuade