Complete the sentence with the right word. The first letter of the word is given. (10 points)

1.There is n_______________ like a holiday to make us feel bored on the beaches.

2.He was deeply m______________ by the moving novel.

3.I will a____________________ it if you help me out of the difficulty.

4.Our a_________________ towards English learning should be improved usually.

5.The opening c__________________of the Olympic Games was so wonderful that it improved us with its fireworks.

6.The p__________________of our school is so strict that we dare not come to school late, or  we will be punished by our headteachers.

7.We often do much r______________ before exams to pass the exams.

8.He was a____________ to Beijing University this year,and he is the only one to study there.

9.In the lab , we do experiments following the i_________________ of our teacher.

10.My first day at senior high school was u______________________, and it will live in my heart.

 

Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates.

Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude（智能）tests, which are designed to assess（评价）thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional test to secure a place.

Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer（标准）of ability.

In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional test to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process,” he said. “The potential to achieved three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.”

Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam.

Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests — a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges —to make it easier to pick out the best candidates.

5．What is the attitude of head teachers to the reform?

       A. Approving.               B. Doubtful.          C. Opposed.           D. Neutral（中立的）

6．Which British university first started to use aptitude tests to pick out the best candidates?

       A. Harvard.                  B. Oxford.             C. Cambridge.              D. Washington D.C.

7．What can we know about the A-level system?

       A. It can indicate the brightest candidates.

B. It was designed to assess students’ thinking abilities.

C. It is longer an accurate way to assess students’ abilities.

D. It was recommended by the National Foundation for Educational Research.

8．What can we infer from the passage?

       A. The reform is more popular in American colleges than in British ones.

       B. The reform will be applied by all universities in the future.

       C. Universities used to depend on the A-level system to choose the best students.

       D. Passing additional tests will allow the student to enter Oxford, regardless of whether he or she gets As.

9．What is the passage mainly about?

       A. How to get into leading universities.

       B. The disadvantages of the A-level system.

       C. Different ways to identify students’ abilities.

       D. Universities using extra exams to choose students.

An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.

We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.

Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.

His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.

Einstein's idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.

"If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you're at sea level and that's because the pressure is much lower up there," said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. "If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so," says McCulloch. "That's what makes it cold."

The gas fridges based on Einstein's design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein's design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.

However, McCulloch's fridge is still in its early stages. "It's very much a prototype," he said. "Give us another month and we'll have it working."

1. According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.

A．has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently

B．is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity

C．has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly

D．will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.

B．Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.

C．McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein's design by using other types of vapors.

D．The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.

3.We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.

A．changed the air pressure around it

B．was tested on the top of Mount Everest

C．increased the liquid boiling temperature

D．used only pressurized gases to keep things cold

4.McCulloch's words in Paragraph 6 _____.

A．serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein's fridge

B．give you the reason why Einstein's fridge was not efficient

C．tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure

D．show you how Einstein's fridge works

 

An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.

We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.

Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.

His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.

Einstein’s idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.

“If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you’re at sea level and that’s because the pressure is much lower up there,” said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. “If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so,” says McCulloch. “That’s what makes it cold.”

The gas fridges based on Einstein’s design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein’s design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.

However, McCulloch’s fridge is still in its early stages. “It’s very much a prototype,” he said. “Give us another month and we'll have it working.”

72．According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.

A．has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently

B．is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity

C．has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly

D．will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future

73．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.

B．Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.

C．McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein's design by using other types of vapors.

D．The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.

74．We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.

A．changed the air pressure around it

B．was tested on the top of Mount Everest

C．increased the liquid boiling temperature

D．used only pressurized gases to keep things cold

75．McCulloch’s words in Paragraph 6 _____.

A．serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein’s fridge

B．give you the reason why Einstein’s fridge was not efficient

C．tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure

D．show you how Einstein’s fridge works

Complete the sentence with the right word. The first letter of the word is given. (10 points)

1.There is n_______________ like a holiday to make us feel bored on the beaches.

2.He was deeply m______________ by the moving novel.

3.I will a____________________ it if you help me out of the difficulty.

4.Our a_________________ towards English learning should be improved usually.

5.The opening c__________________of the Olympic Games was so wonderful that it improved us with its fireworks.

6.The p__________________of our school is so strict that we dare not come to school late, or  we will be punished by our headteachers.

7.We often do much r______________ before exams to pass the exams.

8.He was a____________ to Beijing University this year,and he is the only one to study there.

9.In the lab , we do experiments following the i_________________ of our teacher.

10.My first day at senior high school was u______________________, and it will live in my heart.