Can you imagine how late I went to bed last night? It was not until 1 a.m. _____ I finished my article.

A．when                    B．that                               C．before                           D．as

Speech—the act of uttering sounds to convey meaning—is a kind of human action. Like any other constantly repeated action, speaking has to be learned, but once it is learned, it becomes a generally unconscious and apparently automatic process.

As far as we can determine, human beings do not need to be forced to speak; most babies seem to possess a sort of instinctive drive to produce speech like noises. How to speak and what to say are another matter altogether. There actions are learned from the particular society into which the baby is born; so that, like all conduct that is learned from a society—from the people around us—speech is a patterned activity.

The meandering(漫目无地的)babble(咿呀学语)and chatter of a young child are eventually channeled by imitation into a few orderly grooves that represent the pattern accepted as meaningful by the people around him. Similarly, a child’s indiscriminate(不加分辨的)practice of putting things into his mouth becomes limited to putting food into his mouth in a certain way.

The sounds that a child can make are more varied and numerous than the sounds that any particular language uses. However, a child born into a society with a pattern of language is encouraged to make a small selection of sounds and to make these few sounds over and over until it is natural for him to make these sounds and not others.

1.For an adult, the process of speaking usually involves___________________ .

A．conscious selection of sounds	B．imitation of those around him
C．a drive to make noises	D．unconscious actions

2.The selection says that most babies have an instinctive drive to __________ .

A．express ideas in words	B．make speech like noise
C．convey meaning	D．imitate sounds around them

3.Conduct that is learned from a society may be called___________________ .

A．instinctive drive

B．selection

C．automatic activity

D．patterned activity

4.The sounds that a child is able to make are  ___________________ .      .

A．not as varied as those used in language

B．more varied and numerous than those in any language

C．far fewer than those needed to form a language

D．completely different from the sounds of language

5.We may say that a child has learned to speak if he  ___________________ .     .

A．makes varied sounds

B．carefully considers each sound he makes

C．makes only certain sounds naturally

D．imitates people around him

 

There is no excuse for not doing your assignments（作业）. If you can’t come to school, you should call your teacher or your classmate and ask about homework. It is your responsibility（责任）to find out what homework you have missed. It is not the teacher’s job to remind you of the missed assignments.

You must not be absent on a test day. If you are seriously ill, call and let the teacher know you will not be there for the test. If your teacher allows a make-up test（补考），you should take the test within one or two days after you return to class. Serious illness is the only reason for missing a test.

Be on time! It is impolite to be late. Also, it bothers other students. If you must come in late, be sure to do it quietly. Have your books and papers out of your bag before you come into the room. Then go to your seat and sit down quietly. In the USA, it is not necessary to knock before you enter the classroom. Most teachers will give you a low grade if you are often late.

In America, you should call your teacher by his or her last name instead of “ teacher”. Also you should use Mr, Miss, Ms or Mrs before the last name ( such as Mrs Smith or Mr Jones). This is polite. The teacher will tell you the title that he or she likes. It is impolite in the USA to eat, drink or chew gum during class. Don’t do these until the break. Also, removing your shoes in the classroom is not polite.

1.What should you do if you miss a class?

A．Give an excuse for missing the assignments.

B．Tell the teacher you can’t come to school or do the assignments.

C．Ask your teacher to remind you of the missed assignments.

D．Call your teacher or your classmate to find out what assignments were given.

2. When can a student miss a test according to the passage?

A．When he / she is late for the test.

B．When he/ she is really sick.

C．When he / she failed another test.

D．When he / she doesn’t want to have the test.

3. In America, if your teacher’s name is Susan Black, what should you call her politely?

A．Ms Black

B．Ms Susan

C．Susan Black

D．Teacher Black

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．A student is thought to be impolite when he / she takes off his / her shoes in the classroom.

B．A student is thought to be impolite when he / she eats and drinks in class.

C．When a student is late for class, he / she must knock before he / she enters the classroom.

D．A student is thought to be impolite when he/she doesn’t come for class on time.

 

On a typical hot August day in Xianyou County, Fujian Province, Zeng Demei, a retired worker in his seventies, hurries down a busy street．In his hand is a black leather bag．Zeng opens his bag, taking out two forms．

1..

         Each of the forms contains detailed information of a student．On his arrival two hours later a woman greets him and leads him to her office where another man is waiting．They are the two village officials．They inspect the forms handed to them by Zeng and immediately recognize the girls．2.? "It’s a pity but it doesn't matter．" says Zeng, who wastes no time in deciding to look for the remaining child, Su Qiuju．

         After half an hour, they stop outside a small house made of mud brick．A middle-aged man and a girl in a faded pink dress greet them．Su Qiuju is eight years old．She was forced to drop out of school after both her parents died．She is now living with her uncle who cannot afford his own children's education．However, the year of education Su Qiuju did complete was a successful one．3.．

         When they are about to leave, Zeng says, "I must find a supporter for this girl to sponsor her education．" Zeng has made it his retirement task to help children complete their schooling．Back in 1999, Zeng took part in a campaign started by the local women's organization to help students from poor families．4..

         His task had begun and since then he has spent his time persuading his friends and neighbors and others to donate money．"To me, children's education is the most important． 5. I have to find sufficient funding before the school opens in September．"

         When asked how long he will keep up his vital work as the community's guardian angel, he has a simple reply．" Not until my eyes can't see, and my feet can't move．"

A．They were having problems with their schoolwork

B．These are for the two girls he's going to visit this morning

C．They live in a small village not very far, though only one of the girls is still living at home

D．She displayed a talent for handwriting, writing her three-character name neatly and beautifully

E．The thought of students dropping out of school bothers me so much that I can't get to sleep at night

F．Of course, some people question why I would want to give up my retirement to go to so much trouble

G．He was so overcome by the tough situation of many poor children ?that he donated all his money to help out a girl

 

Daniel Defoe (about 1660~1731) was an important novelist in the English literature(文学). When he was young, he served as a soldier and had been to Spain, Italy, France and Germany. At the same time, he went in for politics. He cared much about the development of capitalism(资本主义). He had written a lot of articles against it and he was put into prison twice for that. It was not until he was nearly sixty that he began to write the famous novel Robinson Crusoe, which was published in May, 1709. It spread so rapidly that the story was known to every household very soon.
Robinson Crusoe can be divided into three parts. The first part is about Crusoe’s three voyages, the second part about his hunting, hiding in caves farming and his hard struggles against nature on a small island, the third part about the things which happened after his return from the island. The second part is the body of the novel, in which Robinson’s characters are clearly shown.
Defoe wrote his novel in a simple style and his language is easy to understand. His novel-writing set a milestone of the modern English novel. In his later part of life, he was in poor health and lived very poorly. He died on April 24^th, 1731.
【小题1】.Daniel Defoe was ______ and the writer of ______.

A．an Englishman, “A Tale of Two Cities”	B．an American, “A Million Pound Note”
C．a Frenchman, “The Lost Necklace”	D．an Englishman, “Robinson Crusoe”

【小题2】. How old was he when he began to write his famous novel “Robinson Crusoe”?

A．He was in his sixties.	B．He was in his fifties.
C．He was over 60.	D．He was sixty.

【小题3】. Robinson Crusoe can be divided into ______ parts and the first is about _______.

A．two, his lonely life	B．three, his characters
C．three, his journeys by sea	D．four, his fame

【小题4】. “Every household” in this passage means ______.

A．all members of a family	B．all people
C．every building	D．persons living in the same house

【小题5】.What was Defoe’s contribution(贡献) to the English literature?

A．He wrote a very interesting story.

B．He made people happy while reading his story.

C．He set a milestone of the modern English novel.

D．He was active in politics and was against capitalism.