写作：短文改错

Written English is more or less same in either British	1．________
or American English. But there is some spelling	2．________
differences among American and British English.	3．________
For an example, “colour”and“centre”are spelt	4．________
“color”and“center”in American English. The	5．________
differences for spoken English are speakers, too.	6．________
English has changed over the century. When people	7．________
from England traveled other countries, the English	8．________
language was taken with them. As time past, the	9．________
language changed. So people in different areas talk	10．________
different English and spell words in different ways.
This is how the differences come about.

Fish Ears Tell Fish Tales

　 Fish have ears. Really. They’re quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths (耳石).

　 As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙). By looking through a microscope and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get daily rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish’s age, just like the growth rings of a tree.

　 Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They’re examining the chemical elements (元素) of each otolith ring.

　 The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.

　 Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.

　 In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.

　 This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.

What can we learn about fish ears from the text?

　A. They are small soft rings.

　B. They are not seen from the outside.

　C. They are openings only on food fish.

　D. They are not used to receive sound.

Why does the writer compare the fish to trees?

　A. Trees gain a growth ring each day.

　B. Trees also have otoliths.

　C. Their growth rings are very small.

　D. They both have growth rings.

Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings?

　A. The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea.

　B. Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim.

　C. We can know more about fish and their living environment.

　D. Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is.

How would you understand “fish scientists are now lending their ears”?

　A. They are very interested in Thorrold’s research findings.

　B. They want to know where they can find fish.

　C. They lend their fish for chemical studies.

　D. They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears.　

阅读理解

　　Every living thing has a physical boundary(分界线) that separated it from its external environment. Beginning with the bacteria and the simple cell and ending with man, every organism has a certain limit which marks where it begins and ends.

　　Anyone who has had experience with dogs, particularly in the countryside such as on farms, is familiar with the way in which the dog handles space. In the first place, the dog knows the limits of his aster's yard and will defend it against encroachment. There are also certain places where he steeps: a spot next to the fireplace, a spot in the kitchen, or one in the dinning room if he is allowed there. In short a dog has fixed points to which he returns time after time depending upon the occasion. One can also observe that the dog creates zone he is in, a trespasser(非法进入者) can cause different behaviours when he crosses the invisible lines which are meaningful to the dog.

　　This is particularly noticeable in females with pup-pies. A mother who has a new litter(一胎所生的小动物) in a little-used barn wall claim the barn as her territory. When the door opens she may make a slight movement or stir in one corner. Nothing else may happen as the intruder moves ten or fifteen feet into the barn. Then the dog may raise her head or get up circle about and lie down as another visible boundary is crossed. One can tell about where the line is by withdrawing and watching when her head goes down. As additional lines are crossed, there will be other signals, a thumping(重击) of the tail, a low moan or a growl. One can also observe comparable behavior in other vertebrates(脊椎动物)－fish, birds and mammals.

1．A dog on a farm knows ________.

[　　]

A．the size of its master's yard

B．the only fixed place where it should sleep

C．it should not sleep in the kitchen

D．the area that it should defend

2．A female dog with puppies will probably ________.

[　　]

A．attack any stranger who comes near

B．signal differently according to different occasions

C．raise her head at the sight of a stranger

D．growl when a stranger leaves her territory

3．It can be inferred from the third paragraph that mother dogs ________.

[　　]

A．have a sense of gradual territory

B．protect their babies cautiously

C．are ready to attack strangers

D．prefer to raise babies in barns

4．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “encroachment” probably means ________.

[　　]

5．Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Dogs sleep at certain places in the yard or house.

B．logs will respond to territory trespasser.

C．The boundary lines are visible and meaningful to dogs.

D．Fish, birds belong to vertebrates.

阅读理解

The Musical Heart

　　This is the story of a small boy, who lived a long time ago in Germany . His name was George Frederick Handle .

　　As a very young boy, he loved music most. But his father didn't allow him to play any music.

　　Then one day he waited until he was all alone at home. Quickly he ran to his hiding place, he and a friend carried a small piano into the house. He decided to put it in his hiding place. There no one could see it.

　　That night, when everyone else wag asleep, he went to his hiding place. The moon was shining through a broken window. He sat on a box and began to play the piano. At that moment he knew he could only be happy playing music the rest of his life.

　　He played on and on, and he filled his house with his music. “George!” cried his father, “What are you doing? Stop that playing now! ”

　　The music stopped. George had tears in his eyes. Then he turned to his father and said, “Papa, you must understand I love music. It is my whole life.”

　　“Now listen to me, you foolish boy,” said Mr. Handle, “I want you to be a rich man. I want you to work hard. 1 don't want you to be a poor man all your life. You must leave music and become a doctor. Don't let me see you at the piano again.”

　　One day George found his way to church. He went straight to the organ(管风琴)and began to play it . He was only seven years old then. The story of his music spread in his town.

　　When the Duke heard the story, he said, “This boy must have the best music teacher. ” So George began to take music lessons.

　　George's teacher was very good. He taught George well and helped him write his own music. George became famous when he was eleven years old. Now his music is played all over the world.

1．Why didn't George listen to his father?

[　　]

A．He deeply loved music .

B．He didn't think his father was right.

C．He didn't want to go to school.

D．Music could make him rich.

2．What did George's father want him to be?

[　　]

A．A businessman.

B．A teacher.

C．A doctor.

D．A musician.

3．“Duke” is probably ________.

[　　]

A．a doctor

B．a nobleman

C．a good music teacher

D．a shop manager

4．The title “The Musical Heart” means ________.

[　　]

A．George began to play the piano when he was very young.

B．George played the piano pretty well .

C．George was a good music teacher.

D．George regarded music as his life and put his heart into it.