缩写是在保留原文体载.题材.主要内容.结构顺序.人称角度的前提下概括原文内容.压缩篇幅使之成为一篇内容简明.语言简练.中心突出的短文.缩写时须把握的一个原则是:我们要对原文内容高度概括.而不是对原文内容的改写或评论.议论.因此切不可添加自己的主观看法.发表自 议论.如果上一原则不可随意加.那么与此相关的另一原则是不可随意减.缩写时一定要准确完整地把握原文.主干枝叶分清楚.有关主题的主干切不可任意肢解删减.我们要删去或简写的是无关大局的细节.切不可随便摘取其中部分要点了事. 缩写要注意语言.首先.要在准确理解原文的基础上.对原文要点用自己的话进行改写.不要在原文中生硬摘取连缀成句.如一篇原文中有这样的描写:We moved out of the city slowly behind a long line of cars, but at last we came to a quiet country road and after some time, stopped at the lonely farm这么长的句子说明了一个事实:路上出游的车很多.得过很久才能找到一个安静的地方.我们可用自己的话表达原句:There were a lot of cars on the road so it took us a long time to find a quiet place. 或We spent so much time finding a quiet place, for there were so many cars on the road. 其次.缩写语言要简练.我们可以将多个简单句变成一个紧凑的复合句.如:Newton thought about so many problems that he was often absentminded. he frequently forgot to have his meals. 一句可以紧缩为Newton was so absentminded that he often forgot to have his meals. 使语言简练的另一手段是将小句变成短语.如:When the child saw his mother, he cried loudly. 可变为Seeing his mother, the child cried loudly. 再如.As far as the weather is concerned. 可简化成as for the weather等等. 改写是在保持原文主体内容的基础上进行的.改的方面可以是体裁.人称.语言.结构等.比较常见的如在短文与对话之间改写.改写应意以下几点. 首先.要保持原文基本内容不变.在些基础上可进行细节添加或删减.例如“看病 这一题材若以对话形式出现就少不了医生对病人说的专业性用语.如:What’s the matter with you? How are you feeling?等.而在商店出现的对话就少不了售货员的行业用语.如:What can I do for you?等.它们在被改写短文时是要被删除的.因为它们只是进入正式活动的引入语.当然同类题材的短文改写成对话时要顾及到它们所起的作用.有些改写需在写作中想象某些情节.这一点常出现在转换人称角度的作文中.添加内容时.一定要注意切题.根据上下文做合情合理的设想. 其次.短文与对话进行改写时要注意语言时态.时间表达等方面的改变.短文可以记叙.说明.议论等.可以记叙过去事.议论现在事.说明一般事实.把它们变成对话时.用的全是直接引语.时态上一般要用一般现在时态.人称上短文中的主要人物成了对话参与者.所以一二人称的使用第三人称多. 对原文进行改写时要注意语言的灵活多变性.例如将对话改写成短文时.要仔细研究原文中句子的功能.然后根据不同的功能选择适当的表达方式.不能笼统地将语言功能分为问.说(say).当询问时可以用ask, inquire, want to know, wonder 等,表示命题.要求时可用ask\request, demand等,当提出建议时可说suggest, advise, give a piece of advice等,当表扬或指责时可用praise, accuse等,当表示承诺时可用promise.这样.语言的灵活使用可使行文自然.流畅. (1)邀请观看足球赛 [题 材] 把下面的电话记录改写成一篇80词左右的英语短文.不要用直接引语.通话时间是某日上午. Gary:Hello. Could I speak to Mary, please? Marry: Yes, it’s Mary here. Is that Gary speaking? Garry: yes. There’ll be a football game in our university this afternoon. Will you go to watch it with me? Mary:What time will it begin? Garry:At two o’clock. If you go, I’ll wait for you at the gate of your company at half past one. OK? Marry:I want to go with you very much, Gary, but I’m afraid I cannot. I’ll be at a conference then. Gary:It’s too bad! What about tomorrow morning, Mary? There’ll be another match there. Marry:That’s great! I’ll be free tomorrow. Gary:Where can I wait for you? Marry:You’d better come to my home, and then we’ll go to the game together. All right? Gary:OK. Good-bye. Marry:See you tomorrow. [范 文] An Invitation to Watch a Football Game One morning, Gary rang up Mary, inviting her to watch a football game with him that afternoon. Mary wanted to, but she couldn’t because she had to attend a conference. Gary was regretful for that. Then Gary told Mary that there would be another game at the some place the next morning and asked her if she could go to it with him. Mary was happy that she would be free that day and could watch the game with Gary. She told Gary to come to her home and then they would go to it together. (2)失 眠 [题 材] 用100个左右的单词缩写下面的故事.要求句子通顺.情节与原文相同. A businessman who had been working too much found that he could not sleep at night, but kept on falling asleep in the day. He became so worried that he went to see his doctor. “Can you help me, doctor? he asked anxiously, “I used to sleep well, but recently I haven’t been able to sleep for more than two hours a night. The doctor examined him carefully, gave him some tests, advised him to work less hard, and told him to take some medicine to help him. The doctor was sure that he was not seriously ill, and that he would soon be better. But the businessman grew worse instead of better. He slept even less than before at night, and was continually asleep in his office. He visited his doctor very often, and it took the doctor a long time to discover the reason that the businessman’s servant gave him the sleeping medicine in the morning, and the one to keep him awake at night. [范 文] Sleeplessness A businessman worked too hard, and he could not get to sleep at night while he kept falling asleep at daytime. He became so worried that he had to see his doctor. The doctor examined him carefully and found out he wasn’t seriously ill. The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to work less hard. But the businessman grew even worse. He saw the doctor once again. At last the doctor discovered that the businessman’s servant gave him sleeping medicine in the morning and the medicine that kept him awake in the evening by mistake. 查看更多

 

题目列表(包括答案和解析)

    假设你是班上的文体委员,请根据下列提示用英文起草一份口头通知在班上宣读。

    你班学生准备1231日晚上在本班教室举行一次元旦庆祝会。为了开好这次晚会,决定于星期五(1220)下午530在班级召开班干部会议,商量举办晚会的事宜。另外,感兴趣的同学也可参加。

    注意:1.通知要求100个词左右。要求意思连贯,语句通顺。

    2.通知只需把要点讲清楚。不要把说明部分逐句翻译。

 

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    假设你是班上的文体委员,请根据下列提示用英文起草一份口头通知在班上宣读。

    你班学生准备1231日晚上在本班教室举行一次元旦庆祝会。为了开好这次晚会,决定于星期五(1220)下午530在班级召开班干部会议,商量举办晚会的事宜。另外,感兴趣的同学也可参加。

    注意:1.通知要求100个词左右。要求意思连贯,语句通顺。

    2.通知只需把要点讲清楚。不要把说明部分逐句翻译。

 

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写作

书面表达

  假如你是班上的文体委员,请根据下列的提示用英语起草一份口头通知在班上宣读。

  你班学生准备12月31日晚上在本班教室举行一次元旦庆祝会。为了开好这次晚会,决定于本星期五(12月20日)下午5时半在班上召开班干部会议,商量举行晚会的事宜。另外,感兴趣的同学也可参加。

  注意:(1)通知要求100个词左右。要求意思连贯,语句通顺。

     (2)通知只需把要点讲清楚。不要把说明部分逐条翻译。

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根据短文内容,从下框的A---F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
Bill,Emy,Ben,Brigitte和Susan五个人想购买杂志。阅读下面六本杂志(A、B、C、D、E和F ) 的介绍,选出符合各人需要的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余选项。
注意: 该题要求做在答题卡上。选择E,则涂黑A+B, 选择F,则涂黑A+C
【小题1】Bill travels a lot when he was younger.Now that he has stopped his work,he enjoys reading about foreign people,places and customs even if he has already visited that part of the world.
【小题2】 
Emy is a university student studying Italian and Politics.She doesn’t have much time to read anything very detailed but she is looking for something with plenty of news and information.
【小题3】Ben serves as an assistant to the general manager of an American company in Los Angeles.He is very interested in management and the use of high technology.
【小题4】
Up till now Brigitte has never traveled far so this year she has decided to go abroad for the first time.The travel agent suggests that she should read about various countries first before choosing her holiday.
【小题5】Susan likes shopping.She is interested in buying clothes and she needs to be offered advice on clothes.

A.Discover
News magazine of science devoted to the wonders and stories of modem science,written for the educated general reader.Published by Disney Magazine Publishing CO.,Discover tells many of the same stories professionals read in Scientific American.A truly delightful family science magazine,each issue brings to light new and newsworthy topics to make dinnertime and water-cooler conversations interesting.
B.World Travel
This weekly magazine can bring the world to your home.Have you ever wondered what the Chinese eat for breakfast? Did you know that the Sahara Desert is getting bigger every year? This fascinating magazine,full of color photographs,is your window to the world.
C.Self
Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc.,Self is a handbook devoted to women’s overall physical and mental health.Every issue contains usable articles such as “Style Lab”.in which wearable clothes are mixed and matched on non—models and the “Eat—Right Road Map”.with tips on how to eat properly.
D.Foreign Parts
The weekly magazine tells what you need to know if you’re thinking of traveling.Helpful advice on what to pack and what to buy once you’re there.Lots of color photos to help you choose the best hotel, the cheapest flights and a special guide to different climates each week.
E.Wired
This magazine is designed for leaders in the field of information engineering including top managers and professionals in the computer,business,design and education industries.Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc,Wired often carries articles on how technology changes people’s lives.
F.Europe News
The weekly magazine keeps you in touch with what’s happening.Filled with facts and figures about almost everything you can think of, plus articles by our regular writers on the week’s most interesting news stories.Special back page sums up the news for the busy readers.

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假如你是在暑假里去上海参观世博会的,而有些同学业准备国庆假期去,希望你给他们提些建议。请你根据所给要点写一篇英语短文。

       要点:

       1.乘坐世博直达地铁专线,游客可持世博门票进入马当路地铁站,通过安检后可免费乘坐世博地铁专线—13号线。

       2.预约参观一些热门馆(包括中国馆),以避免排队等候过长时间。

       3.自备一些食物,因为园内就餐需排队等候。

       4.其他建议……(考生自由发挥)。

       注意:

       1.内容包括以上要点,但不要逐句翻译。

       2.词数:150左可,开头已经给出,不计入总词数。

       3.参考词汇:pavilion展馆    security inspection安检  reserve for预约

Some tips for visiting Shanghai Expo

       Looking around the Shanghai Expo Site is not so easy to the visitors, although Shanghai Expo is going well now. Transportation, formalities of access, food and drink should be the first for you to consider. Here are some tips for you.

 

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