For thousands of years, mankind has produced plants and animals to create more desired and useful plants and animals. For example, modern com has been produced to such a large size that it is no longer able to reproduce without man’s assistance. Modern dairy cows produce too much milk and if they are not often emptied of milk, they could leak, burst, become infected, and possibly die. Besides, most dogs raised by people can not survive in the wild even with special training.

Since natural evolution is extremely slow and mankind’s selective production programs only take a few generations to produce a completely new species, natural evolution has already taken a back seat to mankind’s production programs. In addition, mankind has successfully killed off several species all together. For example, there are no more European wolves in existence and mammoths (猛犸象) probably died out because of mankind. Even certain diseases have been permanently got rid of from the planet, and dozens of other diseases will soon be too. Again, natural evolution did i»t cause most of the destruction during man’s rule of the world.

Currently, scientists are creating new species with desired characteristics in the lab significantly faster than natural evolution creates new species. In a single generation, new species can be created and destroyed by mankind, while natural evolution could take thousands of years to do the same but only accidentally. Scientists are even able to replace defective (有缺陷的) or damaged genes with different genes to attempt to cure genetic defects. This is something that natural evolution could possibly never correct.

Eventually scientists will even be able to improve the quality of people. For example, imagine not only correcting your eyesight with gene treatment, but also ensuring that all of your children do not receive your old genes of poor eyesight too. Scientists will one day be able to improve the memory and intelligence of your children, so that they will do better in school and achieve more in life. Doctors and scientists will be able to customize (订制) babies before they are born just like picking options at a car store.

1.According to the first paragraph,______ .

A. man-made evolution has improved all species

B. man-made evolution has weakened some species

C man-made evolution can make up for all natural losses

D. natural evolution won’t happen without man’s assistance

2.What does the underlined part “taken a back seat to” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Become powerful assistance to.   

B. Become a huge barrier to.

C Speeded up the process of.   

D. Played a less important role than.

3.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

A. Why natural evolution happens so slowly.

B. The way scientists adopt to have genetic defects repaired.

C. The advantages of man-made evolution over natural evolution.

D. How scientists make use of man-made evolution to create new species.

4.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Near-sighted parents will be able to produce babies with good eyesight in the future.

B. Doctors and scientists will be responsible for mass production of babies in the future.

C. It is natural evolution that is to blame for the destruction of European wolves and mammoths.

D. Children can now have their memory and intelligence improved with the help of gene treatment.

For thousands of years, mankind has produced plants and animals to create more desired and useful plants and animals. For example, modern com has been produced to such a large size that it is no longer able to reproduce without man’s assistance. Modern dairy cows produce too much milk and if they are not often emptied of milk, they could leak, burst, become infected, and possibly die. Besides, most dogs raised by people can not survive in the wild even with special training.
Since natural evolution is extremely slow and mankind’s selective production programs only take a few generations to produce a completely new species, natural evolution has already taken a back seat to mankind’s production programs. In addition, mankind has successfully killed off several species all together. For example, there are no more European wolves in existence and mammoths (猛犸象) probably died out because of mankind. Even certain diseases have been permanently got rid of from the planet, and dozens of other diseases will soon be too. Again, natural evolution did i»t cause most of the destruction during man’s rule of the world.
Currently, scientists are creating new species with desired characteristics in the lab significantly faster than natural evolution creates new species. In a single generation, new species can be created and destroyed by mankind, while natural evolution could take thousands of years to do the same but only accidentally. Scientists are even able to replace defective (有缺陷的) or damaged genes with different genes to attempt to cure genetic defects. This is something that natural evolution could possibly never correct.
Eventually scientists will even be able to improve the quality of people. For example, imagine not only correcting your eyesight with gene treatment, but also ensuring that all of your children do not receive your old genes of poor eyesight too. Scientists will one day be able to improve the memory and intelligence of your children, so that they will do better in school and achieve more in life. Doctors and scientists will be able to customize (订制) babies before they are born just like picking options at a car store

1. 1.

   According to the first paragraph,______

   1. A.
      man-made evolution has improved all species
   2. B.
      man-made evolution has weakened some species
   3. C.
      man-made evolution can make up for all natural losses
   4. D.
      natural evolution won’t happen without man’s assistance
2. 2.

   What does the underlined part “taken a back seat to” in Paragraph 2 mean?

   1. A.
      Become powerful assistance to
   2. B.
      Become a huge barrier to
   3. C.
      Speeded up the process of
   4. D.
      Played a less important role than
3. 3.

   What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

   1. A.
      Why natural evolution happens so slowly
   2. B.
      The way scientists adopt to have genetic defects repaired
   3. C.
      The advantages of man-made evolution over natural evolution
   4. D.
      How scientists make use of man-made evolution to create new species
4. 4.

   What can we infer from the passage?

   1. A.
      Near-sighted parents will be able to produce babies with good eyesight in the future
   2. B.
      Doctors and scientists will be responsible for mass production of babies in the future
   3. C.
      It is natural evolution that is to blame for the destruction of European wolves and mammoths
   4. D.
      Children can now have their memory and intelligence improved with the help of gene treatment

Research shows that much of our predisposition （倾向） towards determination, sociability and self - control and sense of purpose is in our genes．In fact, our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these traits （ characteristics）than our upbringing （儿童期的教养）and the company we keep．Taken together, these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure, say the Edinburgh University researchers．        
They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture．Comparing identical twins, who share all their DNA and their up bringing, with non-identical twins, who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters, is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics．
The results, published in the Journal of Personality, showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle, with self-control particularly etched （铭刻） into our DNA．                   
Our genes a222so largely determine how determined and persistent we are．This is important in terms of success, as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone who throws in the towel at the first hiccough．
Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said, "Ever since the ancient Greeks, people Lave de hated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life．Why do some people seem to manage their lives, have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not? Previously,  the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people' s ideas about what affected psychological well-being．However, this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics．"
However, those who haven' t been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn' t he too depressed．The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference．
【小题1】What does the result of the research indicate?

Research shows that much of our predisposition （倾向） towards determination, sociability and self - control and sense of purpose is in our genes．In fact, our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these traits （ characteristics）than our upbringing （儿童期的教养）and the company we keep．Taken together, these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure, say the Edinburgh University researchers．        

They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture．Comparing identical twins, who share all their DNA and their up bringing, with non-identical twins, who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters, is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics．

The results, published in the Journal of Personality, showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle, with self-control particularly etched （铭刻） into our DNA．                   

Our genes a222so largely determine how determined and persistent we are．This is important in terms of success, as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone who throws in the towel at the first hiccough．

Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said, "Ever since the ancient Greeks, people Lave de hated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life．Why do some people seem to manage their lives, have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not? Previously,  the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people' s ideas about what affected psychological well-being．However, this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics．"

However, those who haven' t been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn' t he too depressed．The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference．

1.What does the result of the research indicate?

2.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to someone who                ．

3.Timothy Bates mentions the ancient Creeks in order to indicate that          ．

4.According to the passage, the key personality trait is            ．

5.What is the best title for the passage?

Research shows that much of our predisposition （倾向） towards determination, sociability and self - control and sense of purpose is in our genes．In fact, our DNA plays a bigger role in influencing these traits （ characteristics）than our upbringing （儿童期的教养）and the company we keep．Taken together, these aspects of personality can make the difference between success and failure, say the Edinburgh University researchers．        
They questioned more than 800 pairs of twins about their attitudes to life to tease apart the influences of nature and nurture．Comparing identical twins, who share all their DNA and their up bringing, with non-identical twins, who have a shared background but are no more genetically alike than other brothers and sisters, is a technique often used by researchers to quantify the influence of genetics．
The results, published in the Journal of Personality, showed that genes play a much bigger role than lifestyle, with self-control particularly etched （铭刻） into our DNA．                   
Our genes a222so largely determine how determined and persistent we are．This is important in terms of success, as someone who refuses to give up is more likely to achieve their dreams than someone who throws in the towel at the first hiccough．
Researcher Professor Timothy Bates said, "Ever since the ancient Greeks, people Lave de hated the nature of a good life and the nature of a virtuous life．Why do some people seem to manage their lives, have good relationships and cooperate to achieve their goals while others do not? Previously,  the role of family and the environment around the home often controlled people' s ideas about what affected psychological well-being．However, this work emphasizes a much more powerful influence from genetics．"
However, those who haven' t been dealt a helpful hand of genes shouldn' t he too depressed．The professor says a sense of purpose is the key and advises those who are eager for success to focus their thoughts on making a difference．

1. 1.

   What does the result of the research indicate?

   1. A.
      Our DNA is the only factor to decide our traits．
   2. B.
      Our DNA plays a decisive role, in achieving success．
   3. C.
      Education plays little part in the formation of our character．
   4. D.
      Society has Little effect on us in our personality．
2. 2.

   The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to someone who______.

   1. A.
      is born successful
   2. B.
      determines to make a difference
   3. C.
      makes great effort
   4. D.
      admits defeat easily
3. 3.

   Timothy Bates mentions the ancient Creeks in order to indicate that______.

   1. A.
      some people can live a good life because they can manage their lives
   2. B.
      people haven't made it clear yet what is the key personality trait（持点,特征） to be a success
   3. C.
      in ancient Greece the role of family and the environment was ignored
   4. D.
      the relationship between personality and success has always been people's concern
4. 4.

   According to the passage, the key personality trait is______.

   1. A.
      determination
   2. B.
      kindness
   3. C.
      politeness
   4. D.
      sociability
5. 5.

   What is the best title for the passage?

   1. A.
      How do people work hard?
   2. B.
      Why can some people succeed?
   3. C.
      DNA determines success or failure
   4. D.
      Several factors determine personality