As with everything in life, there is a right way to sleep in a manner that is productive in dream recall. Relaxation and good sleeping habits are necessary. There is "sleep debt" that occurs when you regularly do not get enough sleep. If so, you’ll sleep too deep to remember your dreams, so follow regular habits. Before you leap into bed, review these steps:

      1   This can be done with nothing more than peace and quiet. If you choose, use your favorite relaxation tapes, or just some peaceful music.

      2   As you start to sleep, pay attention to the main theme. This will give you a clue as to what your dream may end up being based on. Also, by keeping your mind on what you what to dream about is a good way to dream about one particular issue.

    Give yourself a suggestion to remember your dream.   3   In order to do so, giving yourself a suggestion is simple. Just keep in mind, and randomly bring to a surface a little thought like “I will remember my dream.”

    Plan on waking up slowly and peacefully.   4   Regardless of what anyone may have told you, it is a fact that adult human beings NEED a minimum of eight hours’ sleep in order to be fully rested. Not getting enough sleep is the number one reason for not remembering your dreams!

      5    Eat a well-balanced diet. Poor nutrition is also an extremely common cause for failure to recall dreams.

    A. Try to wake up naturally.

    B. Relax yourself completely.

    C. Your health is very important.

    D. Solve your issues before going to sleep.

    E. You must want to remember your dreams.

    F. Many people can’t remember their dreams.

    G. Pay attention to the main issues on your mind.

We can begin our discussion of “population as a global issue” with what most person mean when they discuss “ the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ a similar matter that linked demographic(人口统计学）growth to “ a long, thin power fuse that burns steadily from time to time until it finally reaches the limit, and explodes”.

To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history. We find that population have been really stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, where infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birth rates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.

This pattern is important to know. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high rate of death.

Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8000B.C. till approximately 1650 A.D. And a period of rapid growth since 1650. In the first period of some 9,600 years, the population increased form some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 8 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000B.C. and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added very six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.

1.According to the passage, “population as a global issue” ____.

A. is quite unlike the population problem and thus doesn’t need our concern

B. focuses on tracking down the reason of rapid population growth

C. deals with the same problem aroused by the population problem

D. will manage the population growth problem from global perspectives

2.It can be inferred from the example of a power fuse that _____.

A. too much population will one day lead to the doom of human beings

B. the trend of population growth will keep unsteady until the destruction of Earth

C. demographic growth will follow a certain pattern of ups and downs

D. it is likely in the near future that population will reduce gradually

3.What leads to a stable growth of population for most of human history?

A. Species competition??? B. Low fertility???? C. Tribal fights? D. High rate of death

4.The reason for a rapid growth of population lies in the fact that ______.

A. people are permitted to have more children???

B. people can live better than before

C. newborn babies die less than before??????????

D. we have found the secret of longevity

5.How many people are born every six hours at present, according to the author?

A. Eighty million.?? B. Eight thousand?

C. Fifty thousand?? D. Five million

When we look at the sky and see a bright light moving quickly across it or coming towards the earth, we talk about seeing a “shooting star” or a “falling star”. These moving lights are not, in fact, stars at all. They are small pieces of matter from outer space, which burn up as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere. The correct name of them is meteoroids. Any pieces that make it to the Earth’s surface without completely burning up are known as meteorites. A meteor is actually the name given to the light we see when a meteoroid is burning up.

When a meteorite hits the Earth at speeds between 11 and 72 kilometers a second, it can do amazing damage. A very large meteorite could knock the earth out of its orbit. If this happened, all life on Earth would probably become extinct（灭绝）. The path we follow around the Sun would change and as a result the Earth would become either much hotter or much colder. This change in temperature would affect sea levels and the amount of water in rivers. There would either be huge floods, which would cover most of the land with water, or the oceans would dry up and there would be a drought, which means a long period of time without rain. Either way, nothing could survive. If a large meteorite landed in the sea it would almost certainly cause tsunamis, which would race towards the land, destroying everything in their paths.

Although it is unlikely the Earth will be struck by a meteorite large enough to do that kind of damage, there is evidence of fairly large meteorites hitting the Earth in the past. In 1908 a large area of forest in Tunguska, Siberia was destroyed by a meteorite that came apart just before it hit the ground. The moon, however, has about three billion craters陨石坑caused by meteorites impacting影响 its surface. The reason more meteorites have reached the surface of the moon than the surface of the Earth is that the moon does not have enough atmosphere for the meteorites to burn up in. some of the meteorites that have reached the Earth’s surface have done considerable damage. Some scientists believe it was a change of climate caused by meteorites hitting the Earth that resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs and other large prehistoric animals.

Scientists are especially interested in meteorites because they contain information about the solar system. It is widely believed by scientists that most meteorites are produced by collisions（碰撞） between asteroids (small planets). These collisions probably happened many billions of years ago. This means the physical and chemical structure of a meteorite can give scientists information about the early days of the universe.

1.The story is about ___.     

2.The Earth has ___.                    

3.Some scientists believe the dinosaurs became extinct because ___.     

4.Meteors are ___.                                         

1 

When we look at the sky and see a bright light moving quickly across it or coming towards the earth, we talk about seeing a “shooting star” or a “falling star”. These moving lights are not, in fact, stars at all. They are small pieces of matter from outer space, which burn up as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere. The correct name of them is meteoroids. Any pieces that make it to the Earth’s surface without completely burning up are known as meteorites. A meteor is actually the name given to the light we see when a meteoroid is burning up.

When a meteorite hits the Earth at speeds between 11 and 72 kilometers a second, it can do amazing damage. A very large meteorite could knock the earth out of its orbit. If this happened, all life on Earth would probably become extinct（灭绝）. The path we follow around the Sun would change and as a result the Earth would become either much hotter or much colder. This change in temperature would affect sea levels and the amount of water in rivers. There would either be huge floods, which would cover most of the land with water, or the oceans would dry up and there would be a drought, which means a long period of time without rain. Either way, nothing could survive. If a large meteorite landed in the sea it would almost certainly cause tsunamis, which would race towards the land, destroying everything in their paths.

Although it is unlikely the Earth will be struck by a meteorite large enough to do that kind of damage, there is evidence of fairly large meteorites hitting the Earth in the past. In 1908 a large area of forest in Tunguska, Siberia was destroyed by a meteorite that came apart just before it hit the ground. The moon, however, has about three billion craters陨石坑caused by meteorites impacting影响 its surface. The reason more meteorites have reached the surface of the moon than the surface of the Earth is that the moon does not have enough atmosphere for the meteorites to burn up in. some of the meteorites that have reached the Earth’s surface have done considerable damage. Some scientists believe it was a change of climate caused by meteorites hitting the Earth that resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs and other large prehistoric animals.

Scientists are especially interested in meteorites because they contain information about the solar system. It is widely believed by scientists that most meteorites are produced by collisions（碰撞） between asteroids (small planets). These collisions probably happened many billions of years ago. This means the physical and chemical structure of a meteorite can give scientists information about the early days of the universe.

【小题1】           The story is about ___.     

A. floods caused by meteors

B. matter from outer space

C. life on Earth millions of years ago

D. meteorites that have damaged the moon

【小题2】           The Earth has ___.                    

A. three billion craters

B. fewer craters than the moon

C. more craters than the moon

D. a thinner atmosphere than the moon

【小题3】           Some scientists believe the dinosaurs became extinct because ___.     

A. they were hit by meteors

B. meteorites landed on their nests

C. meteorites landed and changed the climate

D. they could no longer breathe the atmosphere

【小题4】           Meteors are ___.                                         

A. small planets

B. the same as asteroids

C. from broken parts of asteroids

D. the light we see when meteoroids hit our atmosphere

　　I'm afraid we have to accept the fact that criminals are getting younger all the time, but unfortunately the offences they commit are becoming proportionately more serious. I only wish we didn't have to admit this but, in doing so we must first ask ourselves what's wrong with our society that our children apparently couldn't care less about law and order. The days of the sneak thief who stole a couple of apples off a barrel or nicked a packet of sweets from a chain store are virtually over. I had occasion to say this to a young offender the other day. “Sweets from a chain store?” be said, “You must be joking. That's kid's stuff.” I may add that he was aged eleven. In other words, today's young criminals would find it laughable to risk being caught for petty theft of this description. They've got enough money in their pockets to buy the sweets they want, anyway. I think we have come to the point where it's all too easy to put the blame on anyone but ourselves. Faced as they are with a society that frequently rejects them on the grounds of colour, race or low academic ability, these children turn to crime as a means of boosting their self-esteem. Nurtured on films and TV glamorising the role of the criminal, they are quick to identify with these anti-heroes. It is a matter of increasing concern to the police and magistrates that the Children and Young Persons Act, 1969, is becoming inadequate to deal with the rise in juvenile delinquency. Because the emphasis has been placed on the cause and treatment of their delinquency, rather than on old-fashioned methods of punishment, the children themselves are well aware that there is very little that can be done to prevent them continuing to mug, vandalise and in some case even cause the death of those they choose to terrorise. I don't like the look of this situation any more than you do. In our own interests and in those of our children and grandchildren, we cannot continue to take the “it's nothing to do with me” attitude we have adopted for so long. We must unite in a common demand for harsher and more disciplined methods against these young offenders.

(1) The question“Sweets from a chain store?”mean whether ________.

[　　]

A．he wanted some sweets from a chain store

B．he was caught while stealing sweets from a chain store

C．the days of stealing sweets from a chain store were over

D．stealing sweets form a chain store was illegal

(2) Today's young criminals wouldn't commit such offences as stealing some fruit because ________.

[　　]

A．they are afraid of being caught on the spot

B．people will laugh at them

C．they have enough money to buy them

D．it is not worth the risk

(3) According to the author, the reason why some youngsters tend to commit crimes is, psychologically speaking, that ________.

[　　]

A．they are often rejected on the grounds of race, colour or education

B．they don't know what they are doing is against the law

C．they think it the only way of showing their self-respect

D．both A and C

(4) In dealing with juvenile delinquency, the author is apparently in favor of ________.

[　　]

A．severe punishment once used in the past

B．showing great concern about our children

C．more patient methods in reforming young offenders

D．treating every young offender as our own child