As a teacher．I often make it a rule that when we are on a field trip，there will be no talking aswe enter a building．This rule?? ? ?? to entering any place，whether it is a cinema，a church，a theatre, or any other place．

??? Once，in New York City，I took my class to see a(n)?? ? ? near Times Square．When we

arrived at the theatre，there were about twenty other classes ?? ? ? outside waiting to get in．The students from the other schools were not?? ? ?? and there was pandemonium(乌烟瘴气)．I told my students to stay in a line and keep?? ?? ．I told them that we would not carry ourselves like those other ?? ? ? ． Soon we started to file into the theatre，and it was very disorganized．There was a lady ? ? ?? the groups and get them to their seats，? ? students were everywhere and?? ? ?? really knew where to go．My class，observing our rule，walked in ?? ? ? in two single-file lines． We stood near the door behind everyone else，and we?? ? ?? ．All of a sudden，the lady who was?? ? ?? noticed us and she walked ?? ? ?? our direction． She asked the students?? ? ?? the teacher was for our group, and I raised my ?? ? ?? ．She asked,“Very, very nice to meet you．Come this way．”We were led into the theatre，?? ? ??? ，and we were given front-row seats．

Sometimes?? ? ?? for others may not seem like it is going to have an effect，especially when you ?? ? ?? no one around who is taking manners into?? ? ?? ．However，that is usually the time when such?? ? ? actions will be most appreciated and recognized．

1.A．leads????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．applies????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．turns????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．belongs

2.A．play????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．lady????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．teacher????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．exhibition

3.A．sorted out????????????? ????????????? B．settled down????????????? ????????????? C．turned away????????????? ????????????? D．lined up

4.A．behaving????????????? ????????????? B．listening????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．concentrating? ????????????? D．watching

5.A．order????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．contact????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．watch????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．time

6.A．places????????????? ????????????? B．seats????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．classes????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．teachers

7.A．scold????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．dismiss????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．attract????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．organize

8.A．and????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．but????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．so????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．while

9.A．anyone????????????? ????????????? B．nobody????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．everyone????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．somebody

10.A．anxiously????????????? ????????????? B．immediately????????????? ????????????? C．quietly????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．hurriedly

11.A．passed????????????? ????????????? B．chatted????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．rushed????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．waited

12.A．in trouble????????????? ????????????? B．on guard????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．in charge????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．on business

13.A．in????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．to????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．for????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．under

14.A．how????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．where????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．what????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．whether

15.A．voice????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．arm????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．head????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．hand

16.A．finally????????????? ????????????? B．somehow????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．first????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．instead

17.A．respect????????????? ????????????? B．love????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．concern????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．support

18.A．receive????????????? ????????????? B．visit????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．recognize????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．meet

19.A．practice????????????? ????????????? B．effect????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．account????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．operation

20.A．urgent????????????? ????????????? B．kind????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? C．legal????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．firm

Women are on their way to holding more than half of all American jobs. The latest government report shows that their share of nonfarm jobs nearly reached fifty percent in September.
Not only have more and more women entered the labor market over the years, but the depression has been harder on men. In October the unemployment rate for men was almost eleven percent compared to eight percent for women.
Industries that traditionally use lots of men have suffered deep cuts. For example, manufacturing and building lost more jobs last month. But health care and temporary employment services have had job growth. Both of those industries employ high percentages of women.
Thirty years ago, women earned sixty-two cents for every dollar that men earned. Now, for those who usually work full time, women earn about eighty percent of what men earn. And women hold fifty-one percent of good-paying management and professional jobs.
Yet a study released Thursday said men still hold about nine out of every ten top positions at the four hundred large companies in California. The results have remained largely unchanged in live years of studies from the University of California, Davis.
Also, a new research paper in the journal Sex Roles looks at the experiences of women who are the main earners in their family. Rebecca Meisenbach at the University of Missouri in Columbia interviewed fifteen women. She found they all valued their independence and many enjoyed having the power of control, though not all wanted it.
But they also felt pressure, worry and guilt. Partly that was because of cultural expectations that working women will still take care of the children. Also, men who are not the main earners may feel threatened.
The job market continues to suffer the effects of last year’s financial crash. Now, a judgment has been reached in the first case involving charges of criminal wrongdoing on Wall Street.
Last week, the government lost its case against two managers at Bear Stearns, the first investment bank to fail last year. A jury found Ralph Cioffi and Matthew Tannin not guilty of lying to investors.
The hedge funds they supervised lost their value in two thousand seven. But jurors said there was no clear evidence that they meant to mislead investors.
The Justice Department continues to investigate other companies.
【小题1】Why is the unemployment rate for men higher.

Can people change their skin colour without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin colour. The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.

Scientists have changed the colour of a dark-striped zebra fish to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebra fish skin colour is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanosomes (黑色素体). The number, size and darkness of melanosomes per pigment cell determines skin colour.

It appears that, like the golden zebra fish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (突变)in the gene for melanosome production. This results in less pigmented skin. However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebra fish genes.

Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun, which can cause skin cancer. But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng. Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin colours, said Cheng.

The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin colour without damaging it like chemical treatment done on Michael Jackson.

1.According to the passage, scientists have found          .

A. people living in northern latitudes need more sunlight

B. the reason why people change their skin colour

C. the reason why people get skin cancer

D. the gene that determines skin colour

2.We can infer from the passage that         .

A. people like to change their skin colour

B. a mutation in the gene for melanosome production is different in human and zebra fish gene

C. people will be able to change their skin colour without chemical treatment in the future

D. skin cancer can be cured now

3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the passage?

A. The version of the pigment gene of Asians and that of Africans are the same.

B. Scientists have succeeded in turning the colour of a dark-striped zebra fish into uniform gold.

C. Dark skin can protect bodies from utral-violet rays of the sun.

D. People like pop king Michael Jackson.

4.The passage is probably taken from __________.

A. a novel         B. a science report

C. a story book       D. a science fiction

Imagine this situation. You pass a group of people. The people are talking to each other. You cannot hear what they are saying. But suddenly they start laughing. What would you think? Would you think they were laughing at something funny that one of them said? Or—be honest with yourself—would you think they were laughing at you? Yes, you.

Being laughed at is a common fear. But a major study published in two thousand and nine found that this fear is not the same around the world. It differs from culture to culture.

People in Finland were the least likely to believe that people laughing in their presence were making fun of them. Less than ten percent of Finns in the study said they would think that, compared to eighty percent of people in Thailand.

Some people in the study said they felt unsure of themselves in social situations but hid their feelings of insecurity. Others said they avoided social situations where they had been laughed at before.

The study found that people in Turkmenistan and Cambodia were more likely to be in the first group. They would hide their feelings of insecurity if they were around other people’s laughter. But people in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan were more likely to try to avoid such situations if they felt they had been laughed at before.

Shy people often avoid situations that would force them into close contact with other people. They worry that something they say or do will make other people laugh at them. But some people worry much more than others. They may have a disorder called gelotophobia. Gelos is a Greek word. It means laughter. Phobia means fear. This fear of laughter can be truly sad for those who live with it. It can affect how they lead their lives.

In the study, a team from the University of Zurich led more than ninety researchers from around the world. They wanted to understand the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia. Another purpose of the study was to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures. The researchers surveyed more than twenty-two thousand people in forty-two different languages. The findings appeared in the scientific journal Humor.

1.People in Finland don’t believe other people are making fun of them if               .

    A. they suddenly start to laugh     

B. they keep on laughing

    C. they laugh in their presence     

D. they stop laughing suddenly

2.What’s FALSE of the study led by a team from the University of Zurich?

A. They wanted to study the difference between normal shyness and true gelotophobia.

    B. They wanted to compare the levels of fear of being laughed at in different cultures.

    C. They did such a survey in order to prevent people from being laughed at in public.

    D. They surveyed more than 22 thousand people coming from different cultures.

3.The passage is likely to occur in               .

A. an advertisement  B. a science magazine 

C. a science fiction    D. a storybook

4.According to the passage, people who suffer from gelotophobia               .

    A. care more about being laughed at by others

    B. shouldn’t hide their feelings of insecurity

    C. should avoid having close contact with other people

D. will lead a happy life so long as they care

Scientists have developed a non-stick chewing gum(口香糖). The new gum can     (remove) easily from pavements, shoes and clothes. It’s the result of polymer (聚合体) research at the University of Bristol and could be launched commercially in 2008.      it catches on(流行), the product will solve      major headache for present authorities around the world.

“A great     (disadvantage) of our Clean Gum is that it is easy to remove and has the potential to be    (environment) degradable (可降解的),” said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry      helped to found a company called Revolymer to commercialize the technology.

Today’s chewing gums are made   synthetic latex(人工制造的乳液), which is resistant to the weather and is strongly sticky. The new gum adds a special polymer to change its properties(特性),       (make) it far less sticky.

In two street trials,       commercial gums remained stuck to the pavement        Clean Gum came away naturally in all cases.