D

Parties, iPods, concerts, movies, TV shows, video games, traffic. All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable. But our 21^st-century lifestyle is also loud and, if we don’t take notice, it can have an effect on our hearing.

Most teenagers don’t think about hearing loss. But if you experience any of the following symptoms（症状）, you may already be hearing damaged: you make efforts to hear normal talk, you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain, you watch other people’s expressions to understand what they are saying, you ask people to repeat themselves, you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears.

iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear, and just as fashionable. But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of its maximum volume（最大音量）, and listen to music for more than an hour, you are asking for trouble. And, it does not matter if the music you play is classical, rock or heavy metal.

Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss.

Why is an iPod dangerous? With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time, it’s like working in a loud factory all day, being a maintenance（修理）person under a jet airplane or using a jackhammer（手提钻）on a building site.

Similarly, iPod music can cause a short time or permanent（永久的）hearing damage. A loud iPod can cause a ruptured（破裂的）eardrum and, over time, may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear. If these tiny hairs are damaged, they cannot effectively send sounds to the auditory nerves（听觉神经）that connect to the brain. If this happens, hearing loss becomes permanent.

1.Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss?

A．You are interested to listen to others’ talking.

B．You have to read others’ expressions to understand them.

C．You can only understand others over the phone.

D．You always think you hear the ringing of the phone.

2. Which of the following is TRUE when you listen to music?

A．Listen at least an hour every time.

B．Turn up the volume to the highest level.

C．keep the sound lower than 60% of its highest volume.

D．Choose classical, rock or heavy metal music.

3.What is the correct order of causing permanent hearing loss?

a. The eardrum is broken.

b. The auditory nerves cannot receive sounds.

c. Tiny hairs are damaged.

d. Ear buds are placed directly in the ear canal.

e. High-volume music is played over a long time.

A．d-a-c-b-e          B．e-c-a-b-d          C．b-c-a-d-e          D．d-e-a-c-b

4.This passage is mainly about      .

A．music that teenagers like                 B．hearing problems caused by the loud world

C．ways that teenagers enjoy music            D．dangerous modern lifestyles of teenagers.

 

My son Jack, a fourth grader, was having a hard time in getting interested in story books recently, so I offered to read the first few chapters to him. In the early pages of ‘Incident at Halk Hill’, a quiet little boy has a special meeting with a female badger (獾).Soon after, another badger is caught in a steel leg trap(陷阱), and the author describes in detail the pain and scare of an animal struggling to its death. We meet the cruel hunter and his ill treatment of a dog; we see the badger being skinned by the boy's father；and we experience the child's confusion when beaten by his father in anger. Pretty heavy going for ten-year-olds, I thought.

Last night , I returned from a weekend away to find that Jack had finished the whole book on his own. “It was really, really good and sad, and violent，” he reported. “There was a lot of killing.”

“Were there any happy parts?" I asked,

"The boy's life was saved by the badger, and that was good. But then that badger got caught in a trap again and at the end it's dying, too. ” Jack said, "It was so sad that I almost cried. ”

I told him that many books have made me cry, beginning with Heidi, when I was just his age, right on up to the novel I finished last week.

“Well，” he admitted then, “I actually did cry. Reading that book just reminded me of all the sadness in the world, and it made me feel sad ,too. ”

So, I think, now he has been through the sad tone of the passage , the discovery that words on a printed page can give rise to such strong emotion ，that a book can move you right out of your own comfortable little self and into someone else's pain. Thus we come to realize that if we are to remain fully engaged in life, open to its mysteries and feel sorry towards its suffering, we indeed need stories to grab（抓住） us by the neck and remind us of the sadness in the world that is not our own.

1.‘Incident at Halk Hill’ is a _______story.

A．sad              B．happy            C．funny             D．boring

2.The underlined sentence “Pretty heavy going for ten-year-olds" means____

A．the book is too long for a ten year old child

B．the book is too difficult for a ten year old child

C．the book is too violent(暴力) for a ten year old child

D．the book is too pretty for a ten year old child

3.According to the passage , stories can be something to help you_____

A．enjoy your spare time                    B．develop your care for animals

C．realize the truth of life                   D．think about your own life

4.By writing the passage, the writer mainly wants to____.

A．tell a story that interested his son

B．show the importance of reading stories

C．share an experience between himself and his son

D．show how to make children interested in books

 

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．

    The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”

    Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”

    To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”

1.What is the main topic of the passage?

    A. The history of people’s sleeping patterns．

    B. The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．

    C. Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．

    D. The minimum of our sleeping hours．

2.Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?

    A. People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．

    B. Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．

    C. If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．

    D. People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．

3.People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．

    A. they had no electricity

    B. they knew what was best for their health

    C. they were forced by their parents to do so

    D. they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are

4.The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．

    A. the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet

    B. the heavy work load of the day

    C. the sufficient energy modern people usually have

    D. loud noises in the modern cities

5.What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?

    A. Person or thing that is being discussed or described．

    B. Branch of knowledge studied in a school．

    C. Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．

    D. Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．

 

A cheap drug that can stop bleeding in people recently injured in an accident could potentially save the lives of tens of thousands worldwide, a new study says.

  Researchers studied the effects of tranexamic acid （凝血酸）, or TXA, in more than 10,000 injured people in 40 countries who received the drug within 8 hours of being injured. The study was published in the medical journal Lancet. Doctors found that patients who got TXA had a 15percent lower chance of dying from hemorrhage than those who didn’t get it . They also had a 10 percent lower chance of dying from any other cause, including organ failure and a head injury. The study was paid for by the British government.

  The drug is commonly used in wealthy countries during elective surgeries(外科手术) to stop bleeding , but isn’t used for accident victims. TXA is off-patent and made by many companies. It costs about $4.5 per gram, and a typical dose is two grams. It is usually given via an injection（注射） and would be relatively easy to introduce, even in poor countries, experts said.

  Previous tests of the drug regarded its use in elective surgeries, such as heart operations, but this was the first study to test the drug on accident victims. Doctors were worried it might increase side effects such as blood clots （凝块）in the heart and lungs, strokes, or heart attacks. There was no evidence of that in the Lancet study, though the authors said it was possible they might have missed some of these incidents.

  For people between 5 and 45, accidents are the second leading cause of death worldwide after AIDS, and about 600,000 injured patients bleed to death every year. Experts estimated that if TXA were readily available, between 70,000 and 100,000 lives a year could be saved. Though the drug wasn’t tested on children , experts said it would almost certainly work with them as well.

The underlined word” hemorrhage” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________

 A. serious illness    B. heart disease     C. heavy bleeding   D. lack of drug

What can we learn about TXA from the passage?

 A. It can only be made in England     B. It was only used in operations before

 C. It is a patented drug              D. It is mainly used in poor countries

Doctors were worried about using TXA because ________

 A. a lot of patients died unexpectedly after using it

 B. it has no treatment effect on patients

 C. it can cause blood clots or stroke

 D. they hadn’t used it on accident victims before

What do we know from the last paragraph?

 A. It is a pity that TXA wasn’t widely used on injured patients before

 B. Tests have proved that TXA can be used on children

 C. People between 5 and 45 should be injected with TXA every year

 D. Accidents are the first leading cause of death worldwide.

It was early in the morning, on a lonely road. It's 1  heavily. A 9-year-old boy was in the car with his mother, who was 2  him to school. Suddenly, the car went off the road, rolled  several times, and came to rest upside down in a ditch (沟渠) filled with water.

Luckily, both the mother and son were 3  seatbelts. The mother suffered a blow to her head and was unable to move. The boy was frightened but 4 . As water came through broken windows in the car, he 5  unbuckled (解开) himself, climbed out of the  passenger  window, made his way around to the driver's side, and reached inside the 6  to free his trapped mother. With great effort, he managed to 7  her, pull her through the window and up to the road, where they were soon 8  .

His mother later recalled her experience of the 9  . Being unable to move or even  speak   to offer instructions (指导) or encouragement to her son, she was  10  by her little son's action. She recalled hearing  her boy saying out loud as he pulled her through the water, “I think I can, I think I can!”

It seemed clear    that this little boy's act of courage was from one of his favorite books: The Little Engine that Could. In that  11  , when everyone else had  12  hope, the Little Engine carried the heavy load of toys and good things to eat over the hill to the children waiting on the other side. He had 13  and took action. Obviously this book had left a 14  impression before the accident that rainy 15  and motivated (激励) the son to take action if the terrifying moments.

1.                A．snowing        B．smoking        C．blowing   D．raining

 

2.                A．ordering        B．driving         C．pushing   D．flying

 

3.                A．making         B．watching        C．wearing  D．missing

 

4.                A．afraid          B．dead           C．tired D．unhurt

 

5.                A．quickly         B．carefully        C．nearly    D．happily

 

6.                A．box            B．room           C．car  D．ditch

 

7.                A．respect         B．introduce       C．recognize D．free

 

8.                A．accepted       B．rescued        C．welcomed D．fed

 

9.                A．accident        B．experiment      C．travel    D．fire

 

10.               A．excited         B．frightened      C．wounded  D．amazed

 

11.               A．poem          B．notice          C．story D．dream

 

12.               A．realized        B．waken         C．kept up   D．given up

 

13.               A．courage        B．food           C．space D．time

 

14.               A．bad           B．deep          C．false  D．general

 

15.               A．afternoon       B．night           C．morning   D．evening