阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 37  ; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods 38  , the person with a problem has to start analyzing . There are six 39 in analysing a problem.

40 ,  the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 41 that there is a problem with his bicycle.

Next the person must 42 the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 43 the parts that are wrong.

Now the person must look for 44 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 45 solutions. For example, suppose Sam 46 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 47   , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.

After 48 the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 49   , his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.

In the end, one 50 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 51 idea comes quite 52 because the thinker suddenly sees something in a 53 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake. He immediately hits on the solution to his problem: he must 54 the brake.

Finally the solution is 55   . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem. 

A. serious           B. usual                 similar                    D. common

A. practice     B. thinking            understanding        D. help

A. fail                B. work                 change                    D. develop

A. ways           B. conditions         stages                     D. orders

A. First              B. Usually             In general            D. Most importantly

A. explain         B. prove                show                   D. see

A. judge          B. find                  describe            D. face

A. check           B. determine        correct                      D. recover

A. answers        B. skills              C. explanation         D. information

A. possible      B. exact           C. real                 D. special

A. hopes         B. argues            C. decides               D. suggests

A. In other wordsB. Once in a while C. First of all         D. At this time

A. discussing    B. settling down    C. comparing with      D. studying

A. secondly     B. again             C. also                   D. alone

A. suggestion  B. conclusion         C. decision             D. discovery

A. next          B. clear            C. final                  D. new

A. unexpectedly B. late              C. clearly               D. often

A. simple          B. different         C. quick               D. sudden

A. clean            B. separate          C. loosen               D. remove

A. recorded           B. completed        C. tested                       D. accepted 

A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us — the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.

Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.

Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.

“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.

Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules (分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans.

“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said.

These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen—a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.

These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.

Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “It’s hard to say what exactly might be done, however—there’s a lot we don’t know yet,” Johnson explained.

The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．It has long been expected oxygen sensors exist in mice’s skin.

B．People have to surf the Internet to read detailed findings.

C．It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.

D．Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.

2.One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is _______.

A． increasing level of oxygen                B．improving athletes’ performance

C．detecting oxygen                       D．carrying oxygen around the body

3.What is Johnson’s attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes’ training?

A． Hesitating        B．Doubting          C．Positive           D．Negative

4.The best title of the passage may be _______.

A． Humans Might Sense Oxygen Through Skin

B．Frogs And Mice Are Distant Relatives

C．First Known Animal Breathes Through Skin

D．Great Findings Benefits Athletes A Lot

 

 

We each have a memory. That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.

A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.

But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.

1. Some people can easily learn many things by heart because ________.

A．they always sleep very well   B．they often eat good food

C．they read a lot of books      D．they have very good memories

2. Before a child can speak, he must ________.

A．read and write                 B．make sentences

C．hear and remember the sounds    D．think hard

3. In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language well because________ .

A．they have no good memories     B．they have no recorders

C．they have too much time for it    D．they are busy with other subjects

4. Your memory will become better and better ________.

A．if you have plenty of good food

B．if you do more and more exercises

C．if you do morning exercises every day

D．if you get up early

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

   When some plates of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens. __61__ Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. They often happen near mountains.

   During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crakes（裂缝）open. __62__ And sometimes whole villages or cities are destroyed.

   __63__ Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the “earthquake belt”__64__ In these areas we can build strong houses to fight against earthquakes.

__65__ They can also tell people what to do and how to do it.