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    A. writings B. poems C. novels D. stories 【查看更多】

     

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    Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.

    　 For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.

    The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.

    　　A. railroad 　　B. manifestation　　 C. speed 　　D. nature

    In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.

    　　A. highly enthusiastic 　 B. both positive and negative　  C. unchanging　 　D. Disinterested

    According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.　

    A. thrillers 　 B. boys’ books　　C. romances　　D. important novels

    The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

    A. largest category(类别) 　B. highest quality　  C. earliest writers 　D. most difficult language

    Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?

    A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA　

    B. Major nineteenth century writers

    C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature

    D. The railroad as a subject for literature

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    Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.

    　 For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.

    1.The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.

    　　A. railroad 　　B. manifestation　　 C. speed 　　D. nature

    2.In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.

    　　A. highly enthusiastic 　 B. both positive and negative　  C. unchanging　 　D. Disinterested

    3. According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.　

    A. thrillers 　 B. boys’ books　　C. romances　　D. important novels

    4. The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

    A. largest category(类别) 　B. highest quality　  C. earliest writers 　D. most difficult language

    5. Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?

    A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA　

    B. Major nineteenth century writers

    C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature

    D. The railroad as a subject for literature

     

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    阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

    　　The centenary(百年)of the birth of William Faulkner, one of the great modern novelists, was celebrated in September 1997．Faulkner wrote about the southern states of the United States of America where he grew up, and where his family had an important part to play in the history of that region．His work became a touchstone for insights into the troubled issues of southern American identity, race relations, and the family interrelationships of the old time southern gentry(贵族)．

    　　Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi on September 25, 1897．Despite his interest in writing, he left Oxford High School, Mississippi, without graduating．After World War I, he entered the University of Mississippi as a special student, a right to study which was granted to retired soldiers, although Faulkner had only finished training with the Air Force in Canada, and not entered combat(战斗)．

    　　Faulkner began to write poems, a verse play, short stories and finished his first novel Sartoris in 1928．His fiction was centered for 14 of the 19 novels published during his lifetime in a fictional region called Yoknapatawpha County．The name is said to come from the Indian Chickasaw word meaning split land．

    　　In December 1950, Faulkner was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature．When he accepted it in Stockholm, his speech emphasized that he wished to continue writing, but in a positive way that affirmed the power of humanity to prevail over adverse circumstances．As he said in his speech, he still felt that, despite the threat of nuclear war then hanging over the world, the central concern of the writer should be “the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself”．He wanted the tensions and problems that he had cast the spotlight on in the southern states of America to be resolved by the life-affirming attitudes and action of his characters．Like playwright Tennessee Williams, Faulkner was a major voice who spoke for the troubled heart of the southern states of America．His achievement is all the more remarkable because, as a schoolboy, he was not only a frequent absentee but also reportedly failed to reach pass grades in English class．His collected short stories, novels, poems, and other writings from a legacy of literature which casts profound illumination(启发)on the special culture of the South, a culture which developed from a history and social circumstances that were always unique．

    　　From the focus on a fictional county, and by remaining true to his view of a close-knit but real society that reflected the greater world around him, Faulkner in the end fashioned a legend of the Deep South that is one of the major achievements of the 20th century literature．

    (1)

    Which of the following statements about William Faulkner is NOT true?

    [　　]

    A．

    William Faulkner's work focuses on several troubled problems of southern America．

    B．

    William Faulkner died one hundred years ago．

    C．

    Although William Faulkner did not graduate from high school, he had great interests in writing．

    D．

    William Faulkner once took part in the army when he was young．

    (2)

    Why did William Faulkner write about the southern states of America?

    [　　]

    A．

    They were the place where he grew up and his family took an important role in the history of that region．

    B．

    His work became a touchstone．

    C．

    He cared about the troubled issues of southern America．

    D．

    He felt sympathy for the poor in southern America．

    (3)

    How many novels have been published during the lifetime of William Faulkner?

    [　　]

    A．

    14．

    B．

    100．

    C．

    19．

    D．

    Not mentioned．

    (4)

    Which of the following statements about Tennessee William is true?

    [　　]

    A．

    Both Tennessee William and William Faulkner are playwrights．

    B．

    Tennessee William was a major voice who spoke for the troubled people in southern America．

    C．

    Like Faulkner, he once won Nobel Prize for literature．

    D．

    Tennessee William had to pursue his writing career through difficult times．

    (5)

    What was William Faulkner's attitude toward the troubled issues of southern America?

    [　　]

    A．

    He reflected them by writing and criticized them．

    B．

    He intended to call on the troubled people to rebel．

    C．

    The troubled issues of southern America just provided many elements for his novels．

    D．

    He advocated resolving them in positive attitudes and actions．

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    Isn’t it amazing how one person, sharing one idea, at the right time and place can change the course of your life’s history? This is what happened in my 36 .

    When I was 14, I left school and was journeying first in California and then in Hawaii. 37 reaching El Paso, I met an old man, a beggar, on the street corner, who 38 me and asked if I was 39 away from home because I looked so　 40　 .

    After 41 for a few minutes, the 42 beggar told me to follow him. He told me that he had something good to 43 with me. We walked a couple of blocks until we came to a library, where the beggar first　 44 me to a table and asked me to wait for a moment 45 he looked for something special among the shelves. A few moments later, he 46 with a couple of old books under his arms, and then started with a few statements (说法)that were very 47 and that changed my life. He said, “There are two things that I want to 48 you.”

    “Number one is never to judge a book by its cover, for a cover can 49 you. Well, young man, I’ve got a little 50 for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. But a year ago, my wife 51 away. I realized there were certain things I had not yet 52 in life, one of which is to live like a beggar on the streets. So, you see, don’t ever judge a book by its cover.”

    “Number two is to learn how to 53 , my boy. For there is only one thing that people can’t take away from you, and that is your wisdom(知识, 智慧).” At that moment, he showed me the 54 of Plato and Aristotle —immortal(不朽的) classics from ancient times.

    The beggar then led me back on the streets near where we 55 met. His parting request was for me never to forget what he taught me.

    36. A. case　　　　　　　　　 B. time　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. journey　　　　　　　　　　 D. life

    37. A. Toward　　　　　　　 B. In　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. On　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. As

    38. A. remembered　　　　 B. stopped　　　　　　　　　　 C. searched　　　　　　　　　 D. begged

    39. A. driving　　　　　　　 B. holidaying　　　　　　　　 C. keeping　　　　　　　　　　 D. running

    40. A. tired　　　　　　　　　 B. young　　　　　　　　　　　 C. old　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. familiar

    41. A. chatting　　　　　　　 B. checking　　　　　　　　　 C. drinking　　　　　　　　　 D. expressing

    42. A. friendly　　　　　　　 B. strange　　　　　　　　　　 C. hungry　　　　　　　　　　 D. curious

    43. A. charge　　　　　　　　 B. change　　　　　　　　　　 C. share D. communicate

    44. A. led　　　　　　　　　　 B. sent　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. pushed　　　　　　　　　　 D. ordered

    45. A. unless　　　　　　　　 B. though　　　　　　　　　　 C. while　　　　　　　　　　　 D. since

    46. A. went　　　　　　　　　 B. held　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. returned　　　　　　　　　 D. carried

    47 A. common　　　　　　　 B. special　　　　　　　　　　 C. interesting　　　　　　　　 D. attractive

    48. A. teach　　　　　　　　　 B. order　　　　　　　　　　　 C. advise　　　　　　　　　　　 D. request

    49. A. attract　　　　　　　　 B. upset　　　　　　　　　　　 C. interest　　　　　　　　　　 D. fool

    50. A. disappointment　　 B. joy　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. surprise　　　　　　　　　 D. excitement

    51. A. walked　　　　　　　 B. passed　　　　　　　　　　 C. drove　　　　　　　　　　　 D. gave

    52. A. heard　　　　　　　　 B. seen　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. experienced　　　　　　　 D. witnessed

    53. A. work　　　　　　　　　 B. live　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. write　　　　　　　　　　　 D. read

    54. A. writings　　　　　　　 B. poems　　　　　　　　　　 C. novels　　　　　　　　　　 D. stories

    55. A. early　　　　　　　　　 B. once　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. already　　　　　　　　　　 D. first

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