题目列表(包括答案和解析)
2. 考查分数词
考例:[2005年淮安市] Two ___ (three) of the boys in my class are in the school football team.
分析:所给的词three是基数词,根据句意可知,本题是考查分数词的表达,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。当分子大于1时,表示分母的序数词应用复数形式,因此应用three的序数词third的复数形式thirds,即应填thirds。
1.考查基数词转换成序数词
基数词变为序数词时,一般情况下在基数词之后加-th。例如:four → fourth
但是,特殊的基数词变为序数词可用以下口诀来帮助记忆:一、二、三单独记,八去t,九去e,五和十二记仔细,f来把ve替,ty变成 tie,后面再加th。即:one→first,two→second,three→third,eight →eighth,nine→ninth,five→fifth,twelve→twelfth,twenty→ twentieth,thirty→thirtieth,forty→fortieth,fifty→
fiftieth,sixty→sixtieth,seventy→seventieth,eighty →eightieth,ninety→ninetieth等。
考例1:[2005年镇江市] The ___ (eight) lesson is not so easy as the ninth lesson, I think.
分析:所给的词eight为基数词,根据习惯表达“第八课”应用序数词,eight的序数词为 eighth,即应填eighth。
考例2:[2005年扬州市]We will have the ___ celebration for the return of Hong Kong. (nine)
分析:(略)应填ninth。
考例3:[2005年泰州市]The students from America live on the ____ floor. (nine)
分析:(略)应填ninth。
考例4:[2005年徐州市]Liu Xiang got the ___ (one) in his competition of the 2004Olympic Games.
分析:(略)应填first。
4.考查名词变为副词
success→successfully,care→carefully,care→carelessly,
health→healthily,noise→noisily等。
考例:[2005年泰州市] They played so ___ that they lost the football match. (care)
分析:所给的词care在此处应理解为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作状语,修饰played,应用副词,care的副词为carefully,即应填carefully。
3.考查名词转换成形容词
名词转换成形容词有以下几种情况:
(1).名词+y → 形容词 例如:rain→rainy,wind→windy,cloud→cloudy,
sun→sunny,snow→snowy,fog→foggy,mist→misty,health→healthy,luck→lucky,unluck→unlucky,noise→noisy,fun →funny,thirst→thirsty等。
(2).名词+ful→形容词 例如:care→careful, thank→thankful,
help→helpful,use→useful,wonder→wonderful,colour→
colourful,pain→painful,success→successful等。
(3).名词+n→形容词 例如:America→American, Russia→Russian,
India→Indian, Australia→Australian, Canada→Canadian,Italy→Italian等。
(4).名词+ ern→形容词 例如:east→eastern,west→western,
north→northern,south→southern等。
(5).名词 +ous→形容词 例如:danger→dangerous,fame→famous等。
注意:friend→friendly,wool→woolen,difference→different,
difficulty→difficult,importance→important,pride→proud,
person→personal,safety→safe,confidence→confident等。
考例1:[2005年镇江市] What a ____ (rain) day! We have to stay at home.
分析:所给的词rain在此处应理解为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作定语,修饰day,应用形容词,rain的形容词为rainy,因此应填rainy。
考例2:[2005年徐州市] Too much homework is really ____ (pain) to students.
分析:所给的词pain为名词,根据句意可知,所填的词在句中作表语,应用形容词,pain的形容词为 painful,即应填painful。
2.考查名词的所有格
考例1:[2005年泰州市] Chocolate is usually _____ favourite food. (child)
分析:所给的词child是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意“巧可力是孩子们最喜爱的食物”可知,所填的词在句中作定语,应用复数名词的所有格作定语,child的复数形式的所有格为children’s,因此应填children’s。
考例2:[2005年淮安市] Tomorrow is ___ (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?
分析:所给的词father是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,“父亲节”为Father’s Day,因此应填Father’s。
注意:母亲节为Mother’s Day,妇女节为Women’s Day,儿童节为Children’s Day,教师节为Teachers’ Day。
1.考查名词的单数形式转换成复数形式
(1).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化)
①一般情况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为复数名词。例如:desk→desks, key→keys, monkey→monkeys, boy→boys等
②以-x,-s,-ch,-sh,结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,在单数名词之后加-es。例如:fox→foxes, boss→bosses, bus→buses, class→classes, dress→dresses, witness→witnesses, address→addresses, beach→beaches, coach→coaches, couch→couches,inch→inches,sandwich→sanwiches, church→churches,watch→watches,match→matches,speech→speeches,
witch→witches,dish→dishes,brush→brushes,goldfish→goldfish, fish→fishes, toothbrush→toothbrushes等。
③以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,在单数名词之后加-s的有:zoo→zoos,radio→radios,photo→photos,piano→pianos,kilo→kilos, mango→mangos,bamboo→bamboos,kangaroo→kangaroos。
加-es有:tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes, dodo→dodoes/s,
hero→heroes。
④以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,先变y为i,再加-es。例如:family→families,lady→ladies,baby→bibies,copy→copies,
body→bodies,century→centuries,diary→diaries,dictionary→dictionaries,factory→factories,library→libaries,battery→batteries, documentry→documentries,buddy→buddies,ability→abilities,country→countries,butterfly→butterflies,enemy→enemies,memory→memories, balcony→balconies,laboratory→laboratrories,beauty→beauties, charity→charities,comedy→comedies,industry→industries, quallity→quallities,reply→replies,difficulty→difficulties, theropy→theropies, mystery→mysteries, hobby→hobbies,
story→stories,city→cities,laundry→laundries,activity→activities等。
⑤以f或 fe结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时,先变f或 fe为v,再加-es。例如:half→halves, knife→knives,wife→wives,leaf→leaves, shelf→shelves,herself→themseves,scalf→scalfs/scalves,wolf→wolves等。
考例1:[2005年镇江市] Look! There are some ___ (bird) flying in the sky.
分析:所给的词bird是可数名词的单数形式,根据主谓一致可知,应填名词的复数形式,bird的复数形式是birds,因此应填birds.
考例2:[2005年泰州市] Your present is in one of the ____. Can you guess? (box)
分析:所给的词box是可数名词的单数形式,根据习惯表达 “one of the +可数名词复数”可知,应填名词的复数形式,box的复数形式是boxes,因此应填boxes。
考例3:[2004年淮安市] Newspaper reports say that some more ___ (country) have become E.U.(欧盟)members this year.
分析:所给的词country是可数名词的单数形式,根据主谓一致可知,应用可数名词的复数形式,因此应填countries。
考例4:[2003年济南市] The earthquake rocked the cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their ____. (life)
分析:所给的词life是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,应用名词的复数形式,life的复数形式为lives,因此应填lives。
(2).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(不规则变化)
foot→feet,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→men,woman→women, policeman→policemen,policewoman→policewomen, Frenchman→Frenchmen,snowman→snowmen,businessman →businessmen,Englishman→Englishmen,gentleman→gentlemen, salesman→salesmen, mouse→mice/mouses(鼠标),
sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese, fish→fish等。
考例1:[2004年无锡市] It’s good for us to brush our ____ (tooth) after meals.
分析:所给的词tooth是可数名词的单数形式,根据句意可知,应用名词的复数形式,而tooth的复数形式是不规则的,为teeth,因此应填teeth。
3. 用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词,句中谓语动词用现在完成时,时间状语为“for+时间段”或“since+时间点”。如:
He has been in the Greener China for three years./He has been a member of the Greener China fot three years. 他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。
2. 用“It is/has been+时间段+since…”句型。如:
It is/has been three years since I bought the book. 这本书我买了三年了。(从买这本书起到现在已三年了)
1. 短暂性动词与短暂性时间(时间点)连用。如:
He joined the Party three years ago. 他入党三年了。(他三年前入党的)
现在完成时就“以往的经历”而言,常见标志词语有:before,never,recently,ever,already,yet,just等等。如:
I have already done the problem. 这道题我做过了。
“完成情况”方面常见标志的有:since,“for+时间段”,from…on,so far,once,twice等等。如:
I have lived in this city since I was born. 我从出生就住在这座城市。
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