71. TV commercials are more important than programs to televisions because______.

　 A. they bring in big money

　 B. they require a lot of money to make

　 C. they are easy to make

　 D. they attract more viewers than programs.

70. Why do you think it took years for Jalpur to decide to move up the coast?

　 A. He waited for a good harvest.

　 B. He waited for his son’s invitation.

　 C. He felt he was not old enough.

　 D. He loved the village too much..

　　　　　　　　　　　 E

　 Making an advertisement for television often costs more than a movie. For example, a two-hour movie costs $6 million to make. A TV commercial can cost more than $6,000 a second. And that does not include the cost of paying for air time. Which is more valuable, the program or the ad? In terms of money--- and making money is what television is all about--- the commercial is by far the more important.

Research, market testing, talent, and money--- all come together to make us want to buy a product. No matter how bad we think a commercial is, it works. The sales of Charm went up once the ads began. TV commercials actually buy their way into our head. We, in turn, buy the product.

And the ads work because so much time and attention are given them. Here are some rules of commercial ad making. If you want to get a lower-middle-class buyer, make sure the announcer has a tough, manly voice. Put some people in the ad who work with their hands. If you want to sell to an upper-class audience, make sure that the house, the furniture, and the hair styles are the types that the group agree with. If you want the buyer to feel superior to the character selling the product, then make that person so stupid or silly that everyone will feel great about himself or herself.

We laugh at commercials. We don’t think we pay that much attention to them. But evidence shows we are kidding ourselves. The making of a TV commercial that costs so much money is not kid stuff. It’s a big, big business. And it’s telling us what to think, what we need, and what to buy. To put it simple, the TV commercial is a form of brainwashing.

69. What did Jalphur decide just before the tsunami came?

　 A. To have a walk along the coast.

　 B. To leave the village to live in his son’s home.

　 C. To look for a job up the coast.

　 D. To sell his corn and buy a new house up the coast.

68. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined “catch”?

　 A. the action of trying to catch

　 B. the fish that have been caught

　 C. the nets that are used to catch fish

　 D. the tool used for catching anything

67. From the passage, we can see the life in Shundagarh is ______.

　 A. simple and quiet　 B. active but poor

　 C. rich but quiet　　 D. rich and happy

66. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Cheating is common because people do not take it very seriously.

B. Cheating is the result of heavy pressure.

C. Cheating is not a crime.

D. Cheating comes together with civilization.

　　　　　　　　 D

　 Shundagarh is a village on India’s east-facing coast. It is a village of simple mud and grass houses built on the beach just above the water-line. The Khadra Hills rise immediately behind the village, to a height of one hundred and fifty metres. A simple, good-hearted old man, whose name was Jalpur, farmed two small fields on the very edge of these hills, overlooking Shundagarh. From his fields he could see the fishing-boats that travels up and down the coast. He could see the children playing on the sand; their mothers washing clothes on the flat stones where the Shiva river flowed into the sea; and their fathers landing the latest catch or repairing nets and telling stories that had no end.

All Jalpur owned in the world were the clothes he wore day in and day out, the miserable hut that he slept in at night, a few tools and cooking pots and his fields. The corn that he grew was all that made life possible. If the weather was kind and the harvest was good, Japlur could live happily enough---not well, but happily. When the sun was fierce, and there was little or no rain, then he came close to the line between a life which was too hard and death itself.

Last year the weather had been so kind, and the harvest promised to be so good that Jalpur had been wondering whether he could sell all that he had and live with his son farther up the coast. He had been thinking about doing this for some years. It was his dearest wish to spend his last days with his son and his wife and children. But he would go only if he could give; he would not go if it meant taking food out of the mouths of his grandchildren. He would rather die than do this.

On the day when Jalphur decided that he would harvest his corn, sell it, and move up the coast, he looked out to sea and saw a huge wave, several kilometers out, advancing on the coast and on the village of Shundagarh. Within ten minutes everyone in Shundagarh would be drowned. Jalpur would have shouted, but the people were too far away to hear. He would have run down the hill, but he was too old to run. He was prepared to do anything to save the people of Shundagarh, so he did the only thing that he could do: he set fire to his corn. In a matter of seconds the flames were rising high and smoke was rising higher. Within a minute the people of Shundagarh were racing up the hill to see what had happened. There, in the middle of his blackened cornfield, they found Jalpur, and there they buried him.

On his grave, they wrote the words: Here lies Jalpur, a man who gave, living; a man who died, giving.

65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. It is forgivable to cheat unless money is involved.

B. There has been an increase in cheating.

C. Most cheaters are college students.

D. Cheaters do not feel guilty and regretful.

64. Cheating tends to occur in all the following situations except when____.

A. one wants something badly

B. one can’t get something in a right way

C. it is not quite possible to be found out.

D. a series of things have to be dealt with

63. The passage focuses on______.

A. making the reader believe that cheating is immoral

B. discussing the reasons for cheating

C. describing how students cheat in exams

D. suggesting how to control cheating

62. The kind of snake mentioned in the passage “will roll over on its back again in order to look dead.” shows its_____.

A. cleverness　 B. stupidity　 C. quickness　 D. laziness

C

You want something you can’t get by behaving within the rules, and you want it badly, you’ll do it regardless of any guilt or deep regret, and you’re willing to run the risk of being caught. That’s how Ladd Wheeler, psychology professor at the University of Rochester in New York, defines cheating. Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. “We’re seeing more of the kind of person who regards the world as a series of things to be dealt with. Whether to cheat depends on whether it’s in the person’s interest.” He does, however, see less cheating among the youngest students. Richard Dienstbier, psychology professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, believes that society’s attitudes explain much of the increase in cheating. “Twenty years ago if a person cheated in college, that is extremely serious, he will be dropped for a semester if not kicked out permanently,” he says. “Nowadays, at the University of Nebraska, for example, it is the stated policy of the College of Arts and Science that if a student cheats in an exam, the student must receive an “F” on what he cheated in. That’s nothing. If you’re going to fail anyway, why not cheat? Cheating is most likely in situations where the interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low,” says social psychologist Lynn Kahle of the Univeristy of Oregon in Eugene.