58. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?

　　 A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.

　　 B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.

　　 C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷).

　　 D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.

59 This passage mainly tells us 　　　　.

　　 A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries

　　 B. what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries

　　 C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries

　　 D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it

57. The writer tends to think that 　　　　.

　　 A. choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English

　　 B. dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English

　　 C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly

　　 D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing

56. This passage is to 　　　　.

　　 A. warn us of the danger of smoking before children

　　 B. warn people with breathing problems not to smoke

　　 C. warn us that mothers who smoke may affect their children’s health

D. warn us that fathers who smoke may affect their children as mothers

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 O

　　 Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.

　　 The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.

　　 The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.

55. Suppose John’s father was a heavy smoker, so was Mary’s mother. According to passage, 　　　　.

　　 A. John is more likely to develop lung cancer

　　 B. Mary is more likely to develop lung cancer

　　 C. John and Mary have the same chance to develop cancer

　　 D. neither John nor Mary has the chance to develop cancer

54. Doctors in Boston studied 1,100 children to 　　　　.

　　 A. examine whether these children were healthy

　　 B. find out whether their mothers had smoked

　　 C. find why these children suffered breathing problems and lung disease

　　 D. look into the effect that mother’s smoking had on their children

53. Mother who smokes before her child is born may 　　　　.

　　 A. slow the growth of her baby’s lung

　　 B. cause her baby to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life

C. make her child develop lung cancer　 D. all of the above are right

51. A man in the appearance of phobic situation 　　　　.

A. is called an anxiety attack　　　 B. has blood rush to his legs

C. has the feeling of flight　　　　 D. fears some particular thing

52 The writer of the text tells us that 　　　　.

　　 A. when some phobia breaks out in someone, he will feel too anxious about something

　　 B. a person who fears people can run a race with others

　　 C. a man afraid of heights can climb to a great building easily

　　 D. everyone dares to take a lift where there is not a lifeguard

N

　　 American doctors say that mothers who smoke cigarettes before their babies are born may slow the growth of their babies’ lungs. They say reduced lung growth could cause the babies to suffer breathing problems and lung disease later in life. Doctors in Boston, Massachusetts studied 1,100 children. The mothers of some of the children smoked, the other mothers did not. Doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers did not smoke, and that the children whose mother smoked developed 20% more cold and breathing diseases than other children later in life.

　　 Another recent study found that children had a greater chance of developing lung cancer if their mothers smoked.

　　 The study also showed that the danger of lung cancer increased only for sons and not for daughters, and that the father’s smoking did not affect a child’s chance of developing lung cancer.

50. A good way to overcome one’s unreasonable fear of something would be 　　　.

　　 A. trying to avoid it　　　　　　　 B. preparing for flight of fight

C. getting rid of the anxiety　　　 D. trying to get used to it

49. A person who is afraid of cats is most likely to have 　　　　.

　　 A. mysophobia　　 B. acrophobia　　 C. zoophobia　　　 D. claustrophobia

48. What would be the best title for this text 　　　　?

　　 A. Computers are Danger　　　　　　 B. Computers are Cleverer

　　 C. Computers are Useful　　　　　　 D. Computers are Interesting

M

　　 Do you have a phobia? No, it is not an infectious disease, but it can make you quite as bad. A phobia is an unreasonable fear of some particular thing or situation.

　　 Did you know that some people fear heights? That is called acrophobia. Many people experience claustrophobia when they are in a closed space such as a small room or a lift. Zoophobia is a fear of animals. A fear of dirt is called mysophobia. There are names for fear of thunder, lightning, wide open spaces, people, crowds, darkness, water, and many other things.

　 　A phobia expert tells us that in the coming of a phobia situation a person has what is called an “anxiety attack”. Blood rushes to his larger muscles in preparation for flight or fight.

　　 One expert on phobias suggests we race our fears gradually. A person who is afraid of people could overcome this fear by getting accustomed to them one at a time. Someone who is afraid of water could take swimming lessons in the relative safety of a pool with lifeguard at hand. A person afraid of heights could practice looking down from middle heights first until he could handle the greater ones.