例1、_____ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

　　 A. What is required　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. What requires

　　 C. It is required　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. It requires

答案为C

[解析]　 本句的结构为It is +动词的过去分词+that 引导主语从句。经常用于这种结构的动词还有say, report, think, hope, expect, consider, suggest等。

例2、There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need_________.

A. that ...to be improved　　　　 B. which...to be improved

C. where ...improving　　　　　　 D .when...improving

答案为A。

[解析]　 考查同位语从句。因为先行词在从句中不作任何成份，因此用关系词that，故B、C、D均不正确。对于第2个空格，need既可作实义动词，又可作情态动词。作实义动词时后跟动词不定式，即need to do sth.，另外 road conditions与improve之间是被动关系，因此是need to be improved(need to be done=need doing)。译文：私家车受欢迎所涉及到的新问题是道路状况需要改善。　

例3、_________made the school proud was_________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A. What; because　　　 B. What; that　　　 C. That; what　　　 D.That; because

答案为B。

[解析]　 what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在表语从句中起连接作用。

例4、There's a feeling in me　 _______we'll never know what a UFO is-not ever.

A. that　　　　　 B. which　　　　 C. of which　　　　 D. what

答案为A。

[解析]　 同位语从句that we'll never know what a UFO is-not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling的具体内容。that连接同位语从句时，只起连接作用不作从句的任何成分。译文：我有一个这样的感觉，我们不会知道什么是UFO--永远不会。

例5、Perseverance is a kind of quality-and that's　 _______ it takes to do anything well.

A. what　　　　　 B. that 　　　　C. which　　　　 D. why

答案为A。

[解析]　 这是一个表语从句，what在表语从句中作takes的宾语，构成“It takes sth. to do sth.”的句型。译文：坚定不移是一种品质--坚定不移使人们做好任何事情。

例6、When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _______he wants.

A. what　　　　 B. which　　　 C. when　　　　 D. that

答案为A。

[解析]　 这是一个宾语从句，wants后面缺少宾语，所以要填写what。Always　 give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语，意思是“永远不折不扣地给予对方他想要的东西。”译文：当你在找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远不折不扣地给予对方他想要的东西。

例7、Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while　　　　 B. that　　　　 C. when　　　　 D. as

答案为B。

[解析]　 这是一个同位语从句。that引导从句作information的同位语，解释information的具体内容。注意：that和what引导名词性从句(主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句)的区别：that引导名词性从句，只起引导作用，在从句中不作成分。that引导宾语从句时，that可省略，而在其他三个从句中，that虽不作成份，一般也不省略；what在这四个名词从句中一定作成分，作主语、宾语、表语或补语。译文：有消息说，更多的中学毕业生将进入大学。

例8、What the doctors really doubt is　 ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when　　　　　 B. how　　　　 C. whether　　　　 D. why

答案选C。

[解析]　 这是一个表语从句。根据doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是“医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能从重病中很快康复。”　

例9、-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

-Is that　 ________ you had a few days off?

A. why　　　 B. when　　　 C. what　　　 D. where

答案为A。

[解析]　 这是一个why引导的表语从句，表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗?”　

例10、________she couldn't understand was　 ________fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

A. What...why　　 B. That...what　　　 C. What...because　　 D. Why...that

答案选A。

[解析]　 主语从句she couldn't understand缺少宾语，要用What引导。表语从句fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons是一个完整的句子，要用why引导，意思是“为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣”。

第三节 巩固练习

Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.

1. ____ the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in Paris is not known yet

A. Whenever　 　　　　 B. If　 　　　　　　　　　　　 C. Whether　 　　　　　　　 D. That

5. 选择性疑问从句

　 选择性疑问从句由关联词whether…or或whether…or not构成，例如：

　 Please tell me whether they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

　 I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

4. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：

　It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

　It's a pity that you should have to leave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。

　用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：

　 a. It + be + adj. + that从句

　　It is necessary that…　　 有必要……

　　It is important that…　　 重要的是……

　　It is obvious that…　　 很明显……

　 b. It + be + 过去分词 + that从句

　　It is believed that…　　　人们相信……

　　It is known to all that…　从所周知……

　　It has been decided that…　 已决定……

　 c. It + be + n. + that从句　　It is common knowledge that…　 ……是常识

　　It is a surprise that…　 令人惊奇的是……

　　It is a fact that…　　 事实是……

　 d. It + be + vi. + that从句

It appears that…　　　似乎……

It happens that…　　　碰巧……

It occurred to me that…　 我突然想起……

3. 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时，一定要用whether构成whether...or结构。

2. 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性，从句还要保持陈述句语序。

1. 由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语

同位语从句中先行词不充当从句成分，从句是用来解释先行词的内容。That从句作同位语，that不能省略。

▲Word came that our football team had won the match. 消息传来，我们的足球队赢了比赛。

▲May I ask a question when the meeting will be held? 我能否问个问题，会议什么时候举行？

第二节 实战演练

宾语从句在句中作宾语，引导宾语从句的that可以省略。whether和if可互换，但介词宾语或有or not时，用whether.

▲They know that the habit may kill them. 他们知道这个习惯能使他们致死。

▲They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。

▲They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。

表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的联系动词之后。that从句作表语，that不能省略。表语从句只用whether，不用if。

▲The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受。

▲The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做。

▲This is where he has worked for years. 这就是他多年工作的地方。

3. It作形式主语主要包括以下几种类型和搭配关系：

　 1)It + be + adj. + 从句 　　　　 It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 　　　 2)It + be + n. + 从句 　　　　 It is a pity that he missed the lecture.

　 3)It + be + 过去分词 + 从句 　　　　 It is said that they have won the game.

　 4)It + be + vi. + 从句

　　 It seems that something is wrong with the computer.