59．As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that_________．

A．both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet

B．both prefer flavored food and drink

C．both have the same eating patterns

D．both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors

B

For a clearer picture of what the student knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay” tests, which require students to write long answers to broad, general questions such as the following: “Mention several ways in which Benjamin Franklin has influenced thinking of people in his own country and in other parts of the world.”

One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more cares about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.

Besides, in an essay test the student’s score may depend upon the examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. Because of this, the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.

Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student’s knowledge can usually be gotten.

58．The author implied in the passage that most of us_________．

A．eat a balanced diet　　　　　　　　　　　

B．choose the food that is of nutrition

C．have the habits influenced by the surroundings　

D．like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor．

57．According to the passage ,adults eating habits differ from those of babies because_________．

A．adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health

B．adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods

C．adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs

D．adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns

56．The expression “the habit” (Para．1, sentence 4) refers to drinking water which_________．

A．has no smell　　　　　　 B．is tasteless　　　　　　　 C．has vitamins　　　　　　 D．is flavored

75. The underlined words “the amphibians”in the third paragraph mean　　 .

A. hungry predators　　　　　　　　　 B. sugarcane beetles

C. the cane toads　　　　　　　　　　 D. dingos

　 56-59 DCAC 60-63 BDBA 　64-67 CBCA　 68-71 AADB　 72-75 ACDC

(六)

A

Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need．It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles．When a fragrant(香的) flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched water, the rats did seem to prefer it and kept drinking it ,even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water．In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were．

In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria(自助) feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them．They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in．We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet．

So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them．Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom”,　 which humans soon lose．Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could．Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits．Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs．So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them．

74. It can be inferred from the passage that　　　　　 .

A. The cane toad bites its enemy dead when it is threatened or handled rudely.

B. The cane toad has already threatened the survival of the native species.

C. Scientists and governmental bodies have achieved a successful biological - control program.

D. The cane toad likes warm and wet weather.

73. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the cane toads？

A. The cane toads are strong enough to kill dingos, .quolls or even crocodiles.

B. With 14 different kinds of poisons in its body, a cane toad always wins the hunt for food.

C. The cane toad was brought to Australia to kill pests from America 70 years ago.

D. The toads move westward and northward because there is plenty of food there.

72. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？

A. Poison Toads Leap Across Australia

B. Strategies To Keep the Toads Under Control

C. The Main Threat the Cane Toads Cause

D. Climate Favours the Spread of Cane Toads.

71. Which is the correct order of the following cities according to their position on the list？

A. Zurich, Vienna, Chicago, Cairo, Shanghai, Baghdad.

B. Geneva, Vienna, Sydney, Wellington, Hong Kong, Bangui.

C. Vancouver, Sydney, Auckland, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Brazzaville.

D. Zurich, Munich, Singapore, Cairo, Athens, Baghdad.

E

Native to America, the cane toad(癞蛤蟆)was introduced to northern Queensland 70 years ago to control sugarcane beetles(甘蔗害虫)．The toads failed in that duty but spread across Queensland and into neighboring northern area.

Now it calmly invades(侵略)the states of Western Australia and New South Wales (NSW). NSW wildlife experts fear the amphibians--which have poisonous backs that kill hungry predators,(食肉动物)--will have a terrible effect on native animals.

Those fears may be about to be realized．Australia's leading government research body，　 the 　Commonwealth Science and Industry Research organization　 (CSIRO)，forecasts a rise in average temperatures that will make NSW ideal living place for the cane toad．

Tony Robinson，head of CSIRO’s Wildlife，Pests，and Diseases Program，said climate change is increasing the amount of suitable living place for the toad．

“With climate change，the cane toads might go down as far as Sydney and some areas of Westem Australia，”Robinson said．

Recent estimates put the pace of the toad’s westward march at nearly 1 7 miles(27 kilometers)a year and slightly slower from north to south．

More southerly cities，　 such as Melbourne and Adelaide，　 would likely remain too cold and dry to ever suit the toads，Robinson noted，but Perth could expect cane toads in five years’ time．

Sydney could see their arrival in the next 20 years．

Robinson said there is no 0ne method that will keep the toads under control．

The cane toads already cover at least half of Queensland and most of the northern country the toads are believed to number in the billions.

A Venezuelan virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be given up after it was found to also kill native frog species.

Scientists and governmental bodies believe a national approach is needed.

The main threat the toads cause to species such as dingos, quolls, goannas, and crocodiles is the poison contained in glands (腺) on each of the frogs' shoulders. The poison sprays out when the toads are threatened or handled roughly.

The poison is made up of 14 different chemicals. Together they cause rapid heartbeats, excessive salivation, convulsions, and paralysis.

Cane toads also compete, and usually win, the hunt for food and living space.

“If the government and other states combine resources, I believe we can achieve a very practical biological -control research program, ”Burns said.

70. Which of the following is not the possible quality - of - life factor according to the passage？

A. Political Stability.　 B. Transportation. C. Environment.　　　 D. Population.