题目列表(包括答案和解析)
1.Mr Smith, ____ of the ____ speech,started to read a novel. (2003北京卷)
A.tired,boring B.tiring,bored C.tired,bored D.tiring,boring
解析:tired “感到厌倦”表示人的心理感受,要用过去分词;boring“令人厌烦的”表示事情本身所具有的性质或特点。
2. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
-Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. (2007福建卷)
A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled
解析:复合结构with sth. doing,考虑到with后面的名词so much work和动词后面的宾语my mind,逻辑上构成主谓宾的结构,所以只能选filling。
过去分词
考点一:过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别
过去分词表示被动和人的心理感受,而现在分词一般式表示主动和事情本身所具有的性质或特点。
1. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March. (2007山东卷)
A.has been launched B.having been launched C.being launched D.to be launched
解析:the most recent前没有连词,说明后面不是一个句子,因而该题考查独立主格结构,根据题干中提供的时间判断,最近的spacecraft已经被发射,用现在分词完成式的被动式,所以选择B。
10.When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(2006浙江卷)
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared
解析:句子主语we和compare之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,且与谓语pay同时发生。对比2004湖北卷中的一道题(见下文过去分词考点一中的第三题)。
考点四:独立主格结构
9.The manager, _______ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.(2005江西卷)
A.who has made B.having made C.made D.making
解析:这里考查的是动词的先后顺序:made先于left发生,现在分词的完成式having made it clear…相当于一个非限制性定语从句:who had made it clear...,表示时间或原因。
8. that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. (2007陕西卷)
A.To have said B.Having said C.To say D.Saying
解析:句子的意思是:虽然我说过他干得不怎么样,但我认为我自己也不比他能干。分词的完成式做状语,表示动作有先后。
7. from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.(2005湖北卷)
A.Being separated B.Having separated C.Having been separated D.To be separated
解析:由句意可知Having been separated from other contnents…,与主句主语有被动的含义,并且先于主句谓语的动作,因此用现在分词完成式的被动式作原因状语。
6.①Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,______ a recorder US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.(2005山东卷)
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
解析:reaching 短语在句中作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词所造成的结果。不定式也可作结果状语,但通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to,such+名词+as to,too…to,enough to和only to等结构。He hurried into the classroom, only to find nobody in it.类似知识点在2005广东卷和2007天津卷中再次考到:
②He glanced over at her,_______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.(2005广东卷)
A. having noted B. noted C. to note D. noting
解析:根据上下文这里只能是用ing的一般式作状语表示结果,noting 这一动作和句中谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生,因此要用ing的一般式。完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
③The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,________ in the natural light during the day. (2007天津卷)
A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let
解析:题干为“玻璃门代替了木门,结果白天进来了自然光。”故选letting。现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果即谓语动词所造成的结果。
5.①“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______ away. (2005年全国II卷)
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
②We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ that all children like these things. (2006全国III卷)
A.thinking B.think C.to think D.thought
③Don't sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷)
A.do B.to do C.doing D.and doing
④Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing.(2006江苏卷)
A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
⑤He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. (2007北京卷)
A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying
解析:根据句意“他是牛津大学的一名学生,在攻读计算机学位。”故选studying表示伴随。to have studied表示动作已完成;to be studying表示动作将要进行。
⑥As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. (2007湖南卷)
A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved
解析:(not)moving作stood的伴随状语,stood跟asked才是并列的成分。
解析:以上六题所考知识点相同:句子主语和分词存在逻辑上的主动关系,且现在分词所表示的动作与句子谓语所表示的动作同时发生,现在分词短语作伴随状语。
4.①_________, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. (2005全国II卷)
A. General speaking B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally
解析:现在分词短语作为习语(一般说来)不需要遵守分词的附着规则:分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,否则就是“垂悬分词”。该知识点在同一份试卷中又从另一侧面进行了考查:
②While watching television, ________.(2005全国II卷)
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
watching television的逻辑主语是we,hear+sb/sth+do听到……做了……
该知识点在2006年全国II卷中再次考到:
③Faced with a bill for$10,000,________.(2006年全国II卷)
A.John has taken an extra job B.the boss has given john an extra job
C.an extra job has been taken D.an extra job has been given to John
本题间接考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,否则就是“垂悬分词”。显然本句中所说欠债的是John 而不是老板。
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