4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth.

　 (1) be afraid 意为“担心，害怕”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 从句。I'm afraid (that) 其语意相当于 I'm sorry, but...。

　 -- Are we on time? 我们准时吗? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不准时。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.

　 (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.

　 (3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“担心或害怕某事(发生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.

3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea

　 (1) by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同 by ship 同义。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea.

　 (2) by the sea “在海边”，相当于 by (at) the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children's Day.

　 (3) in the sea “在海里，在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea.

　 (4) on the sea “在海面上”，“在海岸边”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea.

　 (5) at sea 在海上；在航海 When he woke up, the ship was at sea.

2. in the end, finally, at last

　 三者均可表示“(经过周折、等待、耽误)最后，终于”之意。不同的是：

finally 一般用在句中动词前面，而 at last 与 in the end 的位置则较为灵活；

三者中at last 语气最为强烈，且可单独作为感叹句使用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end he gave in.

　 另外，finally还可用在列举事项时，引出最后一个内容，相当于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion.

1. win, beat, defeat　 表示获胜、取胜的词语

　 (1) win v. 赢……，获胜，接比赛或奖项 win a game / a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at last. / He won the first place in the competition.

　 (2) beat + 对手，表打败(尤指体育比赛)　 I can easily beat him at golf.

　 (3) defeat 表战胜，接对手The enemy was defeated in the battle.

6. The parents came from the far-away village, making an ____ for their naughty son.

☆词语比较☆

5. We must ____ our success to our parents and teachers.

4. Since it was a bit later，we had to ____ up.

3. I recognized the man the ____ I saw him at the corner.

2. I have made a ___that every department in our company should buy a computer of this kind.

1. will never forget the ____ given by Mr. Wang, which helped me overcome a lot difficulty.