45. The purpose of the experiment is _____.

A. to combine the computer and the human brain　　 B. to make bear swim

C. to make some stupid dog turn clever　　　　　　 D. to enlarge the capacity of human brain

67．Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

　　　　 A．In a newspaper.　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 B．In a scientific journal.

　　　　 C．In an advertising magazine.　　 　　　　　　　 D．In a science textbook.

答案　 63-67 DBACB

Passage 56

(四川省成都石室中学2010届高三10月月考)

B

Research on the human brain has been attracting more and more scientists in recent years, just like the booming hi-tech industry. One of the latest research topics is how to change the human brain or combine the computer and the human brain, i.e. to transplant a chip into a human brain. This idea may make everyone’s dream come true. If we compare a human brain to a hard disc, what the scientists are doing is to enlarge the capacity of the hard disc. For the time being, there are some difficulties in such transplant experiments, but scientists never give up.

Experiments have started on animals. In 1996, a transplant experiment performed at the Defense and Military Physiology Research Institute in the U.S. turned a bear into a dolphin.

The dolphin was named Ted, and the bear was named Tallin. Using the most advanced technology available, deep and detailed images were made of the memory area in Ted’s brain containing information about swimming by the scientists. They obtained a series of useful information, the signals transferred by the nervous system. Such information was saved into a button-sized chip, which was then transplanted into the action memory area in Tallin’s brain. The information saved on the chip was released by means of electric power.

Recently, another comprehensive memory transplant was performed at the Motor Nerve Research Institute of the University of California. The comprehensive memory transplanted in the experiment included actions, moods, logic, words, images, etc. The experiment involved an entire transplant of the memory area. This was the largest such experiment done so far.

The transplant was performed making a transfer from a dog named “Genius” to a dog named “Idiot”. “Genius” could understand and follow up to 100 gestures and orders made by its master. It was a real genius in memorizing. “Idiot” was the younger brother of “Genius”. It had no contact with people at all since its birth. It became an animal with nothing in its brain, without any memory.

The operation was a complete success. When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all the abilities “Genius” possessed; it was good at memorizing and sensible. It could follow every gesture and any command given by its master. But “Genius” gave no response to its master, and in fact did not recognize him at all.

66．According to the text, which of the following statements is true?

　　　　 A．People pretend to behave better when they are watched.

　　　　 B．Fish bite other fish in a fish tank when they are alone.

　　　　 C．People donate more money when they feel they are watched.

　　　　 D．Soldiers fought better during World War II because of a poster.

65．What is the text mainly about?

　　　　 A．It describes changed behaviour when observed.

　　　　 B．It details ways to control people's behaviour.

　　　　 C．It tells how to make people work harder.

　 　　 D．It discusses different advertising methods.

64．The underlined word 'coded' (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to 　　　　.

　　　　 A．hidden　　 　　　　　 B．programmed 　　　　 C．forgotten　 　　　　　　 D．leaned

63．According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

　　　　 A．He does not want to be shamed by others.

　　　　 B．He needs to show he is a good person.

　　　　 C．He desires others to like him more.

　　　　 D．He feels he will receive some social reward.

65. By studying the cave art, scientists know something about _________.

A. how ancient people crossed the North Sea

B. why some of the animals have died out

C. how humans spread out across the world

D. what kind of animals people hunt at that time

答案　 CAD

Passage 55

(江苏省南京市金陵中学2010届高三10月月考)

C

　 Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviour when they are watched. Do you?

A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the

way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box

encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a

collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower

symbol is on the box.

Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary

Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin,

the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realising it.

It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish.　 When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.

The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption 'I Want You' It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

64. Why do scientists say the art is quite old?

A. The art was carved into stone with stone tools.

B. The animals carved in the stone are beautiful.

C. The cave is one of the farthest point in the world.

D. Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10,000 years old.

63. The underlined word “archaeologists” in this passage probably means people ________.

A. who study things left behind by people in the past

B. who have rich experience in painting

C. who are interested in wild animals

D. who are good at using stone tools

62. Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage?

A. Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful

B. Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way

C. Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain’s Oldest

D. Cave Art in Britain