题目列表(包括答案和解析)
2.并列句 由并列连词(and, but, so, or等)把两个(或两个以上)简单句连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。
He helps me and I help him.
We bought granny a present, but she didn't like it.
This is our first lesson, so I don't know all your names.
1. 简单句 由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子叫做简单句。
I go to school at 7:00 every day.(一个主语和一个谓语)
Wang Nan and Wang Fan sing and dance.(二个主语和二个谓语)
在初中阶段,我们应该掌握简单句的五种基本结构:
(1)主语+谓语(S+V)
We study hard for the people.
在这种结构中,谓语动词是不及物动词(vi.),其后不跟宾语。
(2)主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)
She speaks English.
They play basketball after class.
(3)主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)
Wang Hongji is a good student.
连系动词除be外,还有look(看上去),get(逐渐变得),turn(变成),feel(感觉),become(变成)等等。
(4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+In O+DO)
She bought me a pen yesterday.
He has taught us English for 3 years.
这种结构可转化为“主语+谓语+直接宾语+for (或to) +间接宾语”。如:She bought a pen for me yesterday.
(5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC)
We can keep it warm. They call me Lao Wang.
He asked me to help him with his English.
注意:在此结构中,宾语与宾语补足语之间的关系是逻辑上的“主谓”关系。
另外,有些简单句结构比较特殊,包含一个字 或一个成份。如:Good morning! Hello! Thanks! Happy New Year.等。
5.陈述句变感叹句时可按下列步骤进行:
(1)首先将陈述句在谓语后面断开。如:The tree is/ very tall. Lily is/ a good girl.
(2)在后一部分前加how或what。判断的依据是:如果后一部分的中心词是形容词或副词则加how,如果后一部分的中心词是名词要加what。然后将前后两部分位置进行调换,注意大小写及标点符号的调整。如:How tall the tree is! What a good girl Lily is!
注意:如果陈述句中的形容词或副词前有very, quite, so, too等程度副词修饰,变成感叹句后一定要去掉。
简单句 并列句 复合句分解
4.感叹句中主语和谓语总是放在句末,且为陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后,放在前面的是强调的部分。在口语中,只要能将句意表达清楚明白,可将句中的主语、谓语省略,甚至How后面的强调部分也可省略。如:
What a happy baby (it is)! 多么快乐的婴儿啊!
How cold (it is)! 多冷的天气啊!
How (fast) time flies! 时间过得真快啊!
3.How引导感叹句,在句中作状语修饰形容词、副词。其结构为:
(1)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!
(2)How+形容词+ a(an)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
How delicious they are! 它们多么好吃啊!
How well she is singing! 她唱得多么好啊!
How nice a day it is! 多么好的天气啊!
2.What引导感叹句时,在句中作定语修饰句中的名词,名词前常有形容词修饰。其结构为:
(1)What +a(an) +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
(2)What +形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:
What a nice picture it is! 多么好的一幅画啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊!
What bad weather it is! 多么糟糕的天气啊!
To learn English well is very important, isn't it?
Doing morning exercises is good for your health, isn't it?
感叹句
1.感叹句由what或how引导,句末常用感叹号,用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感。
What fine weather, isn't it?
What a clever boy, isn't he?
How cool the water is, isn't it?
I don't think he can finish the work, can he?
I guess she taught herself Japanese, didn't she?
4.以Let us或Let me开头的祈使句,附加句用will you。如:
Let us help you, will you?
Let me do it for you, will you? (或may I?)
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