2．表示“材料”的介词：of, from

(1) of表示从成品仍可看出原料。

　　 This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的。

　　 This salad is made of apples and strwberres. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。

(2) from表示从成品已看不出原料。

　　 Bread is made from wheat.面包是小麦做的。

　　 The lifeboat is made from some special material. 这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。

1．表示“标准或单位”的介词：at, for, by

(1) at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”

　　 He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小时8英里的速度行驶。

　　 I sold my car at a high price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。

6．at, in

　　 二者都表示“在某个地方”，但at多指较小的地方，如车站、家等，而in多指在“大地方”，如城市、国家、大洲等。(但大小有时也是相对的)。

　　 He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27号。

　　 The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飞机将于13点到达北京。

5．along, across, through

(1) along沿着

　　 He likes to drive along the river.他喜欢沿着河开车。

　　 There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road street. 沿街有着各种美丽的花。

(2) across横穿

　　 The little girl is afraid to go across the street.这个小女孩不敢横穿马路。

　　 It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑着穿越繁忙的马路是很危险的。

(3) through穿过

　　 It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.开车穿过这条隧道花了我们10分钟时间。

　　 He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他从人群里挤到了站台。

4．in front of,　 in the front of ,　 behind, around

(1) in front of在……前面 ,　 in the front of表示“在……前部”，指里面。

　　 A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河

　 　They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door. 他们在门前放了一束花。

　　 There is a red chair in the front of the room.

　　 在房间前半部有把红椅子。

(2) behind在……后面

　 A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高层建筑。

　 The cat lies behind the door. 猫躺在门后面。

(3) around在……周围，围绕

　　 There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。

　　 There are flowers around the stage. 舞台周围摆着鲜花。

3．near, by, beside

(1) near在……附近，与far相对

　　 A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。

　　 My home is near he school. 我的家离学校很近。

(2) by = beside,靠近，在……旁边，比near距离更近　

　　 He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在电影院他就坐在我旁边。

　　 He lay down beside the statuary. 他在雕像旁躺下了。

2．on, above, over, below, under

(1) on在……上面，表面相互接触。

　　 There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一个苹果。

　　 On the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山顶有一面旗子。

(2) above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，与below相对。

　　 A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。

　　 The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。

(3) over“在……正上方”，与under相对。

　　 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。

　　 The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。

(4) below在……下方，低于……

　　 There are many flowers below the window. 窗下有很多花。

　　 Her skirt reaches just below her knees. 她的裙子刚到膝盖下。

(5) under在……正下方

　　 They sat under a big tree, drinking. 他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒。

　　 What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套里面穿了什么？

1．In, outside between, among

(1) in表示“在……里面”，如：

　　 What’s in the box? 盒子里是什么？

　　 She put her book in the desk. 她把书放进了书桌。

(2) outside指“在……外面”

　　 There are many people outside the room. 房间外有很多人。

　　 What did your see outside the hall? 你在大厅外看见了什么？

(3) between在……之间(指二者)

　　 There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office. 在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。

　　 The building stands between the park and the small river.　 那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。　

④among在……之间(指三者以上)

　 “There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd.　 警察向人群喊道：“你们中间有个小偷！

　　 He found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置。

3．after,　 in,　 within

　(1) after表示“在……之后”，是before的反义词。

　　 We’ll hold a party after dinner. 晚餐后我们将举办晚会。

　　 He got a cancer and died after a year. 他患了癌症，一年后去世了

　(2) within“在……时间之内”

　　 I can finish it within an hour. 我不需一小时就可把它做完。

　(3) in 后面接过去的时间点表过去，若后面接一段时间，则表示“在……时间之后”

　　 I was born in 1983.我出生于1983年。

　　 My father will come back in three days.我爸爸将会在3天后回来。

(二)表示“地点、方向”的介词：

2．from, since, for

　(1)　from表示“等时间的起点”。

　　 You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什幺时间来都行。

　　 The exam will start from 9:00am. 考试将从上午九点开始。

　(2) since表示“自从……以来(直到现在)”

　　 He has been away from home since 1973. 他自从1973年就离开了家乡。

　　 We have known each other since ten years ago.我们十年前就认识了。

　(3) for 与since表示一段时间，但for与时间段连用，而since与时间点连用。

　　 for two hours　　　　　　　 since last week