题目列表(包括答案和解析)
同步检测(一)(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
[知识积累与运用]
I.单词拼写:
1.When we heard his jokes, we all burst into l__________.
5.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较
(1)现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。例如:
Have you been meeting him recently?你最近常和他见面吗?
Have you met him recently?你最近见到过他吗?
(2)现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩,而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。例如:
I have been waiting for you for two hours.
我一直等了你两个小时。 (可能表示不满)
I have waited for you for two hours.
我等了你两个小时。 (说明一个事实)
(3)现在完成进行时强调动作,而现在完成时强调结果。例如:
Who has been eating the oranges?
谁一直在吃这些桔子呀? (还剩余一些)
Who has eaten the oranges?
谁把桔子吃光了? (强调吃得一个不剩)
4.现在完成进行时
(1)表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在。现在完成进行时常和all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently等状语以及since和for引导的状语连用。例如:
I have been reading Hemingway's Farewell to Arms recently.
我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了,武器》。
This is what I have been expecting since my childhood.
这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情。
(2)表示动作刚刚结束。例如:
My clothes are all wet. I've been working in the rain.
我的衣服全湿了,我刚才一直在雨中干活。
He is dead drunk. He's been drinking with his friends.
他烂醉如泥,他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒。
(3)表示一个近期内时断时续,重复发生的动作。例如:
You've been saying that for five years.这话你已经说了五年了。
He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.
自从任教以来,他一直在为报刊杂志撰稿。
(4)表达较重的感情色彩。例如:
What have you been doing to my dictionary?看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了!
Too much has been happening today.今天可真是个多事的日子。
3.现在完成时
(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,just连用),或者过去某一时刻发生的,持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例如:
1)I have just finished my homework.
2)Mary has been ill for three days.
(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:since, for, during, over等引导出的短语;副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等;状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如:
1)I haven’t been there for five years.
2)So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.
3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.
(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中:
This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句;This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时;如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如:
1)This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.
2)There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.
2.现在进行时
(1)表示现在正在进行的动作,常与now,right now,at the mother,for the time being,for the present等连用。例如: Don’t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.
(2)表示现阶段经常发生的动作, 常与always,continually,forever,constantly等连用。例如: My father is forever criticizing me.
(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有:go,come,leave,start,arrive,return等。例如: They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.
(4)有些动词不能用进行时,这是一类表示“感觉,感情,存在,从属”等的动词。如:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,appear,(表示感觉的词);hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive(表示感情的动词);be,exist,remain,stay,obtain(表示存在状态的动词);have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,form(表示占有与从属的动词);understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember(表示思考理解的动词)。但是如果它们词义改变,便也可用进行时态。例如:
1)Tom looks pale. What’s wrong with him? (look 在此为联系动词,意为“显得,看上去”)
2)Tom is looking for his books. (look 在此为实义动词,意为“寻找”)
1、一般现在时
(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态,常和副词 usually,often,always sometimes, regularly,near,occasionally,every year, every week 等连用。例如:
1)The moon moves round the earth..
2)Mr. Smith travels to work by bus every day.
(2)在由after,until,before,once,when,even if,in case,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,unless 等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.
2)I will not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.
(3)某些表示起始的动词,可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,这类动词有:be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave 等。例如:
1)The plane leaves at three sharp.
2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.
(4)在由why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中,也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
1)Free tickets will be given to whoever comes first.
2)You’ll probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.
59. in pairs 两人一组;结对 60. for a while一会儿
56. a roll of 一卷 57. toilet paper手纸 58.move on 接下去;继续
54. glare at怒视/ stare at凝视,盯着看/ glance at 瞥见 55. bump into撞上;不期而遇
53. hold out伸出;拿出;继续;维持;
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