3.accept,receive

(1)accept“接受”强调主观同意/愿意接受

e.g.I can’t accept your gift.

我不能接受你的礼物。

常见的宾语有：accept the fact，承认事实

accept a present/an invitation/an offer/one’s opinion　

接受一份礼物/邀请/馈赠/意见

(2)receive“收到，接到”强调客观“收到”，不涉及主观“接受”与否

e.g.He received a letter from his teacher.

他收到了老师的一封信。

Betty received an invitation to the party but she didn’t seem to accept it.

贝蒂收到了一份舞贴，但她似乎不愿接受它。

常见的短语有：

receive a good education 受到良好的教育

receive a doctor’s degree 获得博士学位

receive one’s support 得到某人的支持

2.besides,but,except,except for

(1)besides

a.“除……外(还有)”(即包括所除对象)

e.g.Besides English,I know a little Japanese.

除了英语外，我还懂点日语。

b.“除……外(没有)”当这种意义讲时，仅用于否定句中，与but,except可以互换。

e.g.There aren’t any other people here besides(=except/but)Tom and me.

除了汤姆和我外，这里没有其他的人。

(2)but“除……之外(再没有……)”用于从整体中排除同类事物，常和all,no,nobody,anybody,nothing,anything,everything,everyone,who,where等词连用。

e.g.All of us went to see the film but(=except)Bob.

除了鲍勃一人外，我们都去看电影了。

Nobody was late for class but(=except)Mary.

除了玛丽外上课没人迟到。

Who but John would do such a thing?

除了约翰谁还会做这样的事呢？

注意：a.在疑问词后只用but而不用except。

b.but后面可以接不定式，表示“只是”“只得”。如果but前有实义动词do的各种形式，则but后跟不带to的不定式，否则，其他情况下接带to的不定式。

e.g.In winter a cold-blooded animal has no choice but(=except)to lie down and sleep.

冬天冷血动物除了躺下睡觉外，别无选择。

The boy did nothing but(=except)cry.

这个男孩只是哭。

(3)except“除……以外”(从整体中除去部分)它的意义和用法基本和but相同。但是except后还可跟副词、介词短语、从句等，而一般不能用but代替。

e.g.I looked everywhere except there.

除了那里，我到处都看了。

The window is never opened except in Summer. 　

除夏季外，这扇窗户从来不开。

I usually go to work by bike except when it rains.　

除了下雨，我通常骑车上班。

The swede stood quite still except that his lips moved slightly.

那个瑞典人除了嘴唇还在微微动着以外，站在那里一动不动。

注意：except接不定式时，其用法同but接不定式时的用法一样。

e.g.He wants to do nothing except take a walk now.　

现在，他只想去散步。

The soldier has no choice but to obey.

这位战士只有服从。

(4)except for“除去……一点之外”表示从某一细节方面来修正前面概括性的说法。for后的宾语一般与句子涉及的内容不属同类。

e.g.The coat is very beautiful except for its color.　

除了颜色外，这件外套很漂亮。

The letter is good except for some spelling mistakes.　

这封信写得很好，只是有一些拼写错误。

1.go on with,go on doing,go on to do

(1)go on with sth.“继续某事”,指片刻休息或停顿后，又接着做同一件事。

e.g.After a short while,he went on with his work.　

过了一会儿，他继续工作。

(2)go on doing sth.“继续不停地做某事，一直在做”，也可表示“一件事没做完，暂停后，又继续做下去”。

e.g.Dr Bethune went on working throughout the night.　

白求恩大夫不停地工作一整夜。

He went on working.　

他继续工作。

(3)go on to do sth.“接着做另一件事”指的是接下去做与原来不同的一件事。

e.g.Having read the text,the students went on to do the exercises.

学生们读完课文以后，接着做练习。

3.lead的用法

A.用作及物动词时，常有以下几种用法：

(1)意思为“导致，引起”常跟复合结构。

e.g.Such actions lead us to distrust him.

他的这种行为使我们不信任他。

What led you to this conclusion?

什么使你得出这样的结论？

(2)意思为“带领，引导”(不能跟不定式的复合结构，只能跟副词或介词短语)

e.g.The girl is leading a blind man through a bridge.　

这个女孩正领着一位盲人过桥。

The woman led the girl away.

那女人领着女孩走了。

B.用作不及物动词，常有以下两种用法：

(1)意思为“领导、领路、带头、领先”

e.g.You lead and we’ll follow.

你打头，我们跟着你。

Which team is leading in the relay race?

这次接力赛哪个队领先了？

(2)意思为“通向，导致”，常与to连用。

e.g.All roads lead to Rome.

条条大路通罗马。

Hard work leads to success.

努力工作能使人成功。

C.常用的一些短语：

lead a …life 过……生活

lead the way 领路，引路

lead…by the nose 牵着……的鼻子走

take the lead 领先　

lead to 通向，导致

give sb.a lead 给某人一个提示

follow the teacher’s lead 跟着老师的样子做

lead sb.in doing sth. 带领、领导某人干某事

1.prove的用法

(1)用作及物动词，表示“证实，证明”(give proof to;show to be true)后接名词、代词、复合宾语、宾语从句等，可用于被动语态。

e.g.Who can prove it?

谁能证实这一点？

The soldiers have proved their courage in battle.

在战斗中，士兵们证实了他们的勇气。

Can you prove where you were on May Day?

你能证明五一在什么地方吗？

Look at these documents.They will prove that we are telling the truth.

看看这些文件，它们可以证明我们讲的都是事实。

We proved him(to be)wrong.

我们证明他错了。

The book was proved to be very useful.

这本书被证实是有用的。

(2)用作连系动词，意思是“(后来)被证明是或表明是”(be found to be,turn out to be)接形容词、名词、不定式to be，以及of短语。

e.g.The theory proved correct.

这个理论被证明是对的。

The plan proved a great success.

这项计划结果非常成功。

The experiment proved to be a failure.

实验结果失败了。

This book will prove of little use to you.

这本书会证明对你没有什么用。

tent的用法

(1)用作形容词，读作［kEn′tent］，意思是“满意的，满足的”(satisfied,willing or ready)常用于下列句型：

be content to do sth.满足于做某事，甘心做某事

be content with sth.对……满足

但注意“对……很满足”用be well content，不用very修饰。

e.g.Are you content with your present salary?

你对你现在的薪水感到满意吗？

I should be well content to do so.

我很高兴这样做。

(2)用作动词。读作［kEn′tent］,意思是“使满意，使满足”(satisfy)常用于content sb./oneself with使……满意，满足。

e.g.We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.

我们不应该仅满足于书本知识。

The baby contented himself with a new toy.

那婴儿有了新玩具就满足了。

(3)用作名词，读作［′kEntent］，意为A.“内容，内部所有之物”(that which is contained in sth.)常用复数。

e.g.Show me the contents of your pockets.

让我看一下你口袋里的东西。

B.“(书籍、演说等)内容”［substance;essential meaning(of a book,speech)］

e.g.Do you approve of the content of the article?

你赞同此文的内容吗？

Einstein and his wife

It is well known that Einstein was the father of the famous Theory of Relativity.But do you know it owes(归功)a great deal to Marits,Einstein's former wife?

In 1896,17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics.There he met a girl from Hungary.They studied in the same class.The same interest brought the two together and the young man fell in love with Marits.In 1903,when Einstein　 was 24 years old,he married Marits,who was 4 years older than he.

After their marriage,Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory.To give her husband more help,Marits gave up her own work,and became a good wife and assistant.She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible and she was sure that her husband would succeed.They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room.They even discussed it in their letters when one of them was away from home.

In 1914,the Einsteins moved to Berlin and settled there.At that time,Einstein's theory proved to be correct and he had become famous all over the world.

Marits was very proud of him and his success.But it was not long before the First World War broke out.Marits as well as her two sons,who were all on holiday in Switzerland,couldn't come back to Berlin.The war not only stopped Einstein's work but broke up the warm,happy family.In 1919,Einstein and Marits had to get divorced(离婚).

Einstein himself,however,later said that Marits was really an outstanding woman.

假定你是张小梅，大学生，请你根据下列提示，介绍你的家庭情况。

父亲张伟生，1954年出生于吉林，现在是吉林大学的化学教授，他在科学界(World of sciece)非常有名；

母亲王丽，中学音乐教师，会唱歌，会弹钢琴。喜欢音乐，热爱教学工作，学生都非常喜欢她；

哥哥张广明，第一汽车厂(No. 1 Automobile Factory)的工程师。工厂离家很远。他喜欢打篮球。

注意：总词数为120个左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

During the summer holiday, I think I should do something

meaningful instead touring. So I got a job at a fast

food restaurant and worked there for a cleaner. I worked 7 hours a day

for three weeks. The job was hard and bored and seemed endless,

it made me so tired that I nearly left it half any through the summer.

In the end, I stuck it with determination. Every day I started

off for work early in the morning and got to home late in the

evening. Final, I finished the job before the new school term

began. Now, I understand that labor means. I think it was really

a successful experience, which is worth remembering for ever.