9. cast vt.投下；分派(演员)饰演戏中角色

cast about搜索，想方设法

cast off解开；抛弃，摆脱

cast down使沮丧，使下降，推翻

cast on开除，赶走，驱逐

The part was cast to him.

这个角色分配给他演。

She cast her eyes down to avoid direct eye contact.

她垂下双目以避免对视。

[解题警示]　cast的过去式和过去分词均为cast。

8. show off炫耀，卖弄

show sb./sth. off炫耀；使引人注目，使夺目

show sb. around/round(首次访问某地)作向导，

带某人参观

show up/show sth. up(使)显眼，(使)显现

show sb./sth. up揭发

(sb.) show up(某人)如约赶到，出现，露面(＝turn up)

show the way树立典范，作出榜样

[警示误区]　show off既可作及物动词词组；也可作不及物动词词组。

He likes to show off how well he speaks French.

他喜欢向人展示他法语讲得有多好。

He's just showing off because that girl he likes is here.

他不过是在表现自己，因为他喜欢的那个姑娘在场。

[考试题]　

④(江苏四市联考) He's always ________ and trying to impress his classmates.

A. showing off　　 　　 B. showing up　　

C. making off　　　　　 　 D. making up

答案：A

⑤(山东滨州)The society today offers the young generation　 more chances to　 ________ their talent and skills.

A．give out　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 B．take in　

C．show off　　　　 　　　　 D．carry on

答案：C

7. resign vt. & vi.辞职

resign oneself to...顺从，听任摆布，甘受……

resign from辞职

resign...to...把……托交给……

[解题警示]　resign意为“辞职”，quit意为“停止(工作等)”，give up意为“放弃(工作等)”。相比而言，resign比较正式，quit和give up比较口语化。

6. wind sb. up故意惹恼(某人)

wind up上发条；把(汽车窗玻璃等)摇上

wind sth. around sth.缠绕；卷绕

wind one's way蜿蜓前行；曲折延伸

wind down逐渐变慢；逐渐平静下来；放松

The path winds through the woods.

这条路蜿蜓穿过树林。

Please wind the　 handle to open the door.

请转动把手打开门。

Don't forget to wind up the clock before you go to bed.

睡觉前别忘了给表上紧发条。

The blow winded me.

那一击使我喘不过气来。

5. come into being形成；产生；开始存在

come into power当权；上台

come into force(法律)实施

come into effect生效

bring sth. into being使形成，使产生

[解题警示]　come into being中being可换成existence，该短语不能用被动语态。

4. vacant adj.未占用的，空着的；(表情)茫然的，无精打采的

a vacant seat空位

a vacant position空缺职位

a vacant expression茫然的表情

vacancy n．空；空白；空缺

The graduate wants to apply for the vacant position in the company.

这个毕业生想申请公司里的空缺职位。

3. burden n．重担，负担；v.使担负

the burden of sth.……的负担

a burden on/to sb.某人身上的重担

to bear/ease/reduce/carry/share the burden

承受/减轻/减少/担负/分担重担

burden sb. with sth.使某人担负……

be burdened with sth.负重；负担

The main burden of caring for old people falls on the state.

国家担负起了照料老人的大部分责任。

[预测题]　③I don't want to burden you ________ my problems, for you ________ important tasks.

A．about; are burdened with

B．with; are burdened with

C．for; burden with

D．with; are burdened about

答案与解析：B　句意：我不想增加你的麻烦，因为你担负着重任。burden sb./oneself with sth.加负担于某人/某人自己。be burdened with...担负着……。

2. accumulate vt.积累，积聚

accumulate a fortune积蓄一笔财产

accumulate evidence收集证据

accumulate knowledge积累知识

accumulative adj.累积的，积聚的

accumulatively adv.累积地

accumulation n．累积，积聚

By the late 1950s scientists had already accumulated enough evidence to show a clear link between smoking and cancer.

到20世纪50年代晚期，科学家已经积累了充足的证据表明吸烟与癌症之间有联系。

He accumulated a fortune by buying and selling used cars.

他买卖旧汽车积累了一笔财富。

He accumulated wide knowledge in his teens.

他在青少年时期积累了渊博的知识。

[考试题]　②(湖北黄冈中学)Dust ________ in a room if we do not clean the room regularly.

A. accomplishes　　 　 　　 B. accumulates　　

C. accommodates　　 　　　　　　　 D. achieves

答案与解析：B　句意：房间如果不经常打扫就会积满灰尘。accumulate积累；堆积；accomplish完成，达到，实现；accommodate供应，提供住宿；achieve完成，达到。

1. abundant adj.大量的；丰富的

be abundant in富于……；……很丰富

abundance n．丰富

an abundance of丰富的，许多的

in abundance大量，富裕

abundantly adv.大量地；丰盛地

The country is abundant in natural resources.

这个国家自然资源丰富。

[预测题]　①We are happy that the tree yields a(n) ________ of fruit.

A．abundant　　 　　　 B．response

C．abundance　 　　　　　　　　 D．attendance

答案与解析：C　an abundance of“丰富的”，固定词组。response反应，响应；attendance到场；出席。句意：我们很高兴这棵树结果甚多。

My car just wouldn't move any further. It was complete dead, and I was a few miles far away from anywhere on a cold, wet night. I decided walk around a little before accepting I'd have to spend the night in the car. Maybe I can find a telephone. Actually, I didn't have to walk far after found a small house standing on a field with a light shone from the sitting room.

I knocked at the door and was delighting when a pleasant old man opened the door but listened to my story carefully. He said he had no telephone, and it wasn't one within walking distance, but offered to come and look at my car.