47. According to the first paragraph, the increase in population _____________________.

　 A. resulted in the development of agricultural technology

　 B. resulted from the breakdown of old social organization

　 C. caused the occupational division of labor

　 D. was impossible without the development of agriculture

46. The author of this passage __________________________________.

　 A. gives a comparison between ancient civilization and modern civilization

　 B. suggests that population increase is most important in the development of civilization

　 C. tries to explain how civilization developed in human history

　 D. explore the relation between agriculture and industry

45. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　 A. Don’t be silly any more, women!

　　 B. Which are better dietary habits?

　　 C. Boyfriends make you fat

　　 D. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study

B

There are many thoughts on the origins of civilization. One of the major factors involved was the increase in population. The development of techniques, primarily irrigation and flood control, which permitted agriculture in special areas such as the flood plain of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, made possible the support of large population. Once populations reach a certain number, the older pattern of social organization breaks down and new ones develop. Specifically the older system, whereby each individual participated in food production and maintained a similar standard of living and whereby kinship(家属关系) served as the basic method of social organization, was replaced by the occupational division of labor, political and religious hierarchies(等级制度), public works such as road and public building construction, class systems, codes of law, markets, new forms of warfare, and urban centres. Allied with these important sociological traits are material traits, such as monumental architecture and the development of science and, in many cases, metallurgy(冶金学) and writing sustems.

The earliest civilization, Sumer, developed in the Middle East. This was the Bronze Age of the Old World, during which people first developed the art of metallurgy, civilization also arose in other parts of the Old World, first in Eygpt, China, and India, and later in Europe and Africa. At this time, civilization also developed independently in the New World, in the Mexican area and in Peru and its adjacent(邻近的) areas.

In the Old World the Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age, which saw the rise and fall of great empires and the shift of power from the Middle East to Greece and Rome and then to Western Europe. In the 1700s the Industrial Age began, leading directly to the modern civilization of today.

44. From the passage, we can infer that _________.

　　 A. women should pay more attention to their partner’s influence on them

　　 B. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most households

　　 C. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partner

　　 D. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner

43. According to the report by Newcastle University’s Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.

　　 A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other half

　　 B. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habits

　　 C. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couples

　　 D. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner

42. The underlined word “light”(in Paragraph 4 ) probably means ________.

　　 A. not very heavy

　　 B. less in fat and sugar

　　 C. gentle

　　 D. not serious or important

41. According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men _______.

A. have few changes of their dietary habits

B. have to eat more unhealthy foods

C. don’t like foods high in fat and sugar at all

D. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like

55. The text mainly tells us ______.

　 A. when Britney Spears was found taking weight-loss pills with her

　 B. how Zantrex-3 became successful in the USA

　 C. weight-loss pills are very popular in the USA

　 D. Zantrex-3 is forbidden to be sold on the US market

54. From the second paragraph we know that ______ .

　 A. Zantrex-3 is one of the successful weight-loss pills on the US market

　 B. Zantrex-3 is the most successful weight-loss pills on the US market

C. Zantrex-3 is the only weight-loss pill on the US market

D. there are five kinds of weight-loss pills on the US market

53. The underlined part of the sentence in the first paragraph is most likely similar in meaning to ______.

　 A. it is difficult to say how successful Zantrex-3 is

　 B. you can’t overstate the success of Zantrex-3

　 C. you can’t think too highly of the success of Zantrex-3

　 D. Zantrex-3 is not very successful