4. The sky was cloudless.

　The sun was shining brightly.

3. We have made some progress.

We still have a long way to go.

2. The dean issued a bulletin.

It said the library would remain open at weekends.

改写下列各句，把短语变为并列句、复合句或带有分词短语、介词短语或其他短语的句子：

1. Xu comes from a working-class family.

He enrolled in college last fall.

1、学校生活及学习成绩

I’m getting on well with one’s study

take several courses at school

have English (Chinese, Physics…) every (other )day work hard at …

put one’s heart into…

be interested in …

be fond of

like chemistry best　　　 be tired of …　　 　be good at …; 　

be poor at …; 　　　　　do well in …;　　 　be weak in …

　　 make progress in …; 　　improve oneself in …;　 fail in …

　　 pass the examination;　 　give sb. a passing grade;

　　 He has the best record in school. 他的成绩最棒。

　　 get a doctor’s degree 获得博士学位

　　 (English is) more interesting to sb.

　　 learn about; succeed in…; be active in class (work);

　　 take an active part in …; learn… by heart;

　　 work out a (maths) problem;

　　 get 90 marks for (English); get an “A” in the exam;

　　 have a good command of…

lay a good foundation in (language study)

won the first prize/ got the first place in the competition

the first/top　 three　 winners(前三名)

2、师生关系

　 　get on well with sb;　　　 　like to be with students;

　 　be gentle with us; 　　　　be kind to sb;

　 　be a strict teacher;　　　 　be strict with one’s pupils;

be strict in work　　　　 　be satisfied with …

We think of him (her) as …; 　　help sb with sth;

praise sb for sth …; 　　　　　　blame sb for sth..

give advice on …; 　　　　　　question sb on …

correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day;

give sb a lot of work; 　　　　　try to teach sb good study habits;

make one’s lessons lively and interesting;

teach sb. sth.;　　　　　　　 teach sb to do sth.

devote all one’s time to work;

admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education

佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。

3、课余活动及周末生活

spend one’s time in many different ways;

enjoy doing things by oneself;　　 go swimming;

go for an outing/ a picnic;　　　　 have an outing at (the seashore);

see the sights of Beijing;　　　　 play the piano (violin);

play chess (basketball);　　　　　 have a swim;

have dances on weekends;　　　　 have a picnic over the weekend;

go to the cinema; have a party;　　 hold a sports meeting;

do some reading; help sb do sth;　 enjoy a family trip;

get everything ready for;

ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);

There are a lot of activities at (the beach).

We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.

She would like to bring sth. to the picnic.

It was a very relaxing Sunday.

There are good programmes on TV on weekends.

Enjoy myself/ourselves;　　　 　　have a wonderful time

4、彼此沟通信息

take a message for sb;　　　　　　　　 send a message to sb;

hear from sb;　 　　　　　　　　　　　talk about/of sth;　　　　

tell/ask　 sb to do sth;　　　　　　　　 get information about…;

express one’s idea (feelings) in English;

Write sb a letter saying…;　　　　　　　 apologize to sb for …;

make a speech t at the meeting;　　　　 　thank you for …;

explain sth to s;　　　　　　　　　　　 look upon sb as …;

think sb to be …;　　　　　　　　　　 take sb’s side

5、事件中人的态度

　　　 would like to do;　　　　　　　 allow sb to do;

　　　 force sb to do;　　　　　　　　 call on sb to do;

　　　 fee like doing;　　　　　　　　 insist on doing;

drive sb. off;　　　　　　　　　 speak highly of sb;

speak ill of sb;　　　　　　　 　think highly of sb;

　　　　 be afraid to do (be afraid of …)； offer to do;

refuse to do; 　　　　　　　　　agree to do;

　　　 prefer to do A rather than do B;　　 had better do/　 not do ;

regret doing;　　　　　　　　　 would rather (not) do.

keep sb from doing　　　　 prevent/stop sb. (from) doing);

6、事情过程

have the habit of doing…;　　　 have no trouble doing;

　　　 make up one’s mind to do;　　　 　　 prepare sb/oneself for …;

give up doing…; do sth as usual;　 sb is prepared for/to do

　　　 do what he wants us to do;　　　 set about doing;/set out to do

　　　 try/do one’s best to do…=go all out to do;

　　　 get into trouble;　　　　　　　　 help sb out;

do one’s bit for the country ;　 do some good deeds to people;

　　　 wait for sb to do;　　　　　　 　find a way to do;

make friends with sb;

　　　 show (tell) sb. how to do…;　　 take (send) sb to …;

　　　 pass the time doing; feel a little excited about doing…;

　　　 can’t help doing…;　　　 be prepared for more hard work;

Some are (doing sth.A), others are (doing sth.B), and still others are doing (sth C)

7、感观活动与思维活动

look around for …;　 look up (down) at …;　　 catch sight of …;

take a look at …;　　 hear sb do (doing);　　　 take notice of …;

take view of …;　　 have a good understanding of …;

consider sb (sth) to be …;　　　　　 come to know…;

realize that …;　　　　　　　　　　 know that +从句

welcome/welcomed sb　 at/in front of the gate

Everyone is welcome to attend the lecture/activity

8、情感与欲望

　　　 be pleased with …;　　　　　　 be delighted in doing…;

　　　 take a pleasure in doing;　　　　 be worried about;

　　　 feel surprised at …　　　　　 　　　 be sorry for …;

be angry with sb for sth;　　　 be angry about …(为某事生气)；

　　　 look forward to doing…;　　 wish to do;　　

　expect to do;　　　　　　 　 long for (long to do);　

be sick for one’s home;　　 have a strong desire to do …;

9、健康状况及治疗

　　　 be in good shape;　　　　　　 be in good (poor )health;

feel weak (well, terrible, sick);　　 have got a high (slight ) fever;

have a slight (bad) cold;　　　　　 take one’s temperature;

have got a pain in …;　　　　 be good (bad) for one’s health(eyes);

It’s nothing serious.　　　　　　 stay in bed until…;

save one’s life

10、其它

　　　 It (take)sb. some time to do…;　　 It is said that …;

　　　 be fit for; be short of;　　　　　 be well dressed;

　　　 miss the lecture (train);　　　　 change…into…;

　　　 waste/ spend time doing;　　　　 be busy doing;

　　　 have no choice but to do;　　　　 I can’t help it.

be in need of…; 　　　　　　 be mistaken about …;

fall behind…;　　　　　　　　 catch up with;

　　 take sth　 by mistake　 (错拿)　　 have trouble (in) doing sth.

　　　 on behalf of;　　 　　instead of;　　　　 be welcome to do…;

　　　 Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer.

　　　 Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports.

Say goodbye to sb.　　　　　　　 See sb off

11、信件常用语

You letter came to me this morning.

I (have received)/ am glad to receive your letter of July the 20th.

　　　 I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.

　　　 I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.

　　　 How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last.

　　　 Thank you for your letter.

　　　 In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…;

　　　 Let me tell you that…

Best wishes,

Look forward to( your coming)/ receiving your letter

12、问路和应答

Go down this street

Turn night/left at the first crossroads

It’s about…metres from here

You can’t miss it

In front of behind at/a the corner(不用in)

Pass two blocks

　　　 1．句式要有变化

　　　　　　　 ① 复杂句、并列句

② 倒装句

　 (1)虚拟语气中if省略；　 (2)only+状语置于句首

　 (3)否定词置于句首　　　 (4)地点副词置于句首

③ 强调句型

It is ……that (who)…

④ 非谓语动词。

⑤ 虚拟语气

⑥ 固定句型结构

too…to…　　　 so…that…　 such a…that…　 　not only…but also…　 neither…nor…　 such as…　　 not …until…　　 so that…　　　 either…or…　

⑦直接引语与间接引语

多种时态，动名词、不定式，并列结构

2．要使用高等级词汇及短语

　　　　　　　 ① 使用高等级词汇　　 ② 使用短语　 ③ 使用谚语　 ④ 使用表强调的词，如alone, just, single, only, not…at all; on the earth;　 the very;　　 on earth等

⑤ 使用修辞手法:明喻， 暗喻，夸张，头韵，拟人等

as busy as a bee;　　　 as proud as a peacock;　 as blind as a bat.

3. 使用连接词，过渡自然，连贯通顺，一气呵成。

1) 用于按空间展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：

above　　　　　　 before me　　 　　 here 　　 　　　　on the left

across　　　　　 below　　　　　　　　　 in the distance　　 on the right

beyond 　　　　　　　 nearby　　　　　　　　 opposite to　　　 over

also　　　　　　　 further　　　　　　　　 next to　　　　　 　 　on top of

up　　　　　　　　 down　　　　　　　　　 close to　　　　　　　　 　 beneath

under　　　 around　　　 　　near to　　　　　 along

2) 用于按时间顺序展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：

soon,　 then, suddenly,　　　 　 at the same time, 　 next, early,

this morning /year, 　　 now,　 　after, 　　 at present,　　 later,　　　 afterwards finally,　　 at last,　 all of a sudden ,　 at noon ,

in the morning/afternoon/evening

3) 用于按分析法展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：

　　　 first, second, etc.　　 now　　　 　　 　　　 for this purpose

　　　 but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as a result　　　　　　 furthermore

　　　 finally 　　　　　　　　　　　 at last　　　　　　 　　　 moreover

　　　 also　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 therefore　　　　　　　 likewise

　　　 another　　　　　　　　　　　 for example　　　　 next

　　　 yet 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 for instance　　　　 on the contrary

　　　 once 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in addition　　　　　 in summary

　　　 such　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in this case　　　　　 on the other hand

　　　 then　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 otherwise　　　　　　 in conclusion

　　　 thus　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in closing

4) 用于按比较法展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：

　　　 another　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 moreover　　　　 in addition (to)

　　　 equally important　　　　　　　 too, also　　　　　　　 at the same time

　　　 besides　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 then　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the same way

　　　 in fact　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 like,　　　　　 　　　 similarly　　　　

5) 用于按对比法展开的段落之中的连接词和过渡词有：

　　　 on the contrary　　　　　 different from on the other hand　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in contrast to　　　　 despite　　　　 　　　 in spite of

　　　 yet, but　　　　　　　　　　　 unlike　　　　　　　　 nevertheless

　　　 not only…but also　　 here…there　　　　　　　 this…that

　　　 years ago…today　　　 the former…the latter　　　　　　　　　　　　　 then…now　　　　 　the first…whereas the second　　　　　

some…others　　　 one…the other　　　 once…now

　　　 on the one hand…on the other hand(一方面…另一方面)　　　

6)逻辑关系

递进: then(然后)， besides(还有)， furthermore(而且)， moreover(此外)

转折: however(然而)， but(但是)， on the country(相反)， after all(毕竟)

总结: finally(最后)， at last(最后)， in brief(总之)，

in conclusion(最后)。强调: indeed(确实)， certainly(一定)， surely(确定)， above all(尤其)。对比: in the same way(同样地)，

just as(正如)， on the one hand…on the other hand

一般说来，文章可以通过句子的进展和句子之间的各种结合来构成。

1)熟悉并掌握表示并列、递进、转折等关系的过渡词(transitional words)。例如：

　 并列关系：and, as well as, also…

　 递进关系：besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more…

　 转折关系：but, yet, however, although, otherwise, or, in spite of, despite, instead of, in the end…

　 时间顺序：while, when, soon after, before, afterward, finally, first, then, next, as soon as …

比较、对比：like, unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand…

　 总结 in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all,

generally speaking…

　 进一步阐述：in other words,　 that is to say, for example, for instance, such as …

　 因果关系：as a result, so, thus, therefore…

　 2) 明确表达文章主题，内容要点全面，不要节外生枝。

3) 要点安排得当，使之文通字顺，合乎逻辑,层次清晰。

4) 注意养成写完后自我检查的习惯，应重点检查：

a, 要点有无遗漏；　 b. 句法、词法有没有问题；　

c. 单词拼写有无错误； d. 大小写、标点符号有无问题；　

e. 字数是否在题目要求范围之内。

100.--Peter is very clever and he studies hard as well．

---No ______be always wins first in the examinations.

A．doubt B．question C．wonder D．problem

1--5 ADCAA 6--10 DDCAC 11--15 CAACA 16--20 BCCAB

21-25 BAAAB 26-30 DBDDC 31--35 AADAA 36-40 CCAAA

41-45 BADCB 46-50 CDBDA 51-55 BAACA 56-60 CDCAB

61-65 CBACC 66-70 DBABC 71-75 CBDAA 76-80 DABCA

81-85 ABBDD 86-90 CACBA 91-95 DBCBB 96-100 DDBDC

99.---What can I do for you？---Well，I'm afraid the box is heavy for you，but thank you all the same．

A． so B． much C． very D． too

98. I was advised to arrange for insurance _____ I needed medical treatment.

A. although B. incase C. so that D. if only