9．Have mercy on Antonio .宽恕安东尼奥吧。

　　 have mercy on/upon sb. 意为 “怜悯,宽恕某人”,类似的词组还有show mercy to sb.例如:

　　 He begged me to have mercy on him. 他求我宽恕他。

　　 They have no mercy on their enemies. 他们对敌人毫不留情。

　　 No mercy was shown to the prisoners. 对囚犯毫不宽恕。

8．She pretended to be a lawyer, and her maid, Nerissa, dressed herself as a lawyer’s clerk .

　　 她扮成律师,她的侍女尼莉莎打扮成律师的书记员。

　　 pretend v.装扮,假装(make oneself appear to be sth. , to be doing sth.)后面可以接不定式,也可以接that引导的从句。例如:

　　 The children pretended to be doctors and nurses. 孩子们装扮成医生和护士。

　　 They pretended to be working very hard.　 他们假装在努力工作。

7．Then she thought of a clever plan to save Antonio.

　 然后她想出了一个营救安东尼奥的妙计。

　 think of 在这里的意思是 “想出” (have the idea of )。例如:

　 Can you think of a good place for a weekend holiday? 你能想出一个周末度假的好去处

吗?

　　 Who first thought of that idea? 谁先想到那个主意?

6．…saying that all his ships had been lost at sea and that he would have to give Shylock a pound of flesh .

　　 …信上说他的船在海上遇险失事了,他将不得不给夏洛克一磅自己身上的肉。

　　 ①在saying 后接了两个宾语从句,两个从句都由that引导 ,并用and 连接起来.在一个复合句中,如果有两个或两个以上平行的宾语从句,通常在每个宾语从句前面用一个that , 并在最后一个前面加上and (或but)。(在口语和非正式文体中,that常可省略.)

　　 ②lost adj. 毁灭,遭难的(destroyed , ruined , killed , etc.)

　　 例如:The boat and all its men were lost in the storm.

　 那只船及船上的人在暴风雨中遇难了。

5．In the agreement Antonio made a promise to allow Shylock to take a pound of his flesh from whatever part of his body if he did not pay the money back at the end of three months.

　　 在借约中,安东尼奥许诺如果在三个月期满时偿还不了这笔钱,就允许夏洛克从他身上任何部位割走一磅肉。

　　 ①make a promise 允许,作出承诺,其中的promise是名词,与promise搭配的词组还有keep one’s promise (遵守诺言),carry out one’s promise (履行诺言) ,break one’s promise (食言)。

　　 例如:Father made a promise that he would buy me a new recorder.

　　 父亲答应给我买一台新的录音机。

　　 He’s always making promises and then breaking them .他总是许下诺言后又食言.

　　 ②flesh和meat的区别

　 flesh通常指人和动物身上的肉,也可指供食用的兽类的肉(区别于鱼或家禽的肉).例如:

　 He is losing (gaining) flesh. 他瘦(胖)了。

　 Have you ever tasted the flesh of the snake? 你曾吃过蛇肉吗?

　　 meat 指供食物用的动物的肉(animal flesh as food), 通常不包括鱼和家禽的肉.鱼和家禽的肉称fish , chicken , duck 等. 在用餐时,讲到动物的肉时,应用beef (牛肉), pork (猪肉), mutton (羊肉),不用meat。应该说:Will you have another piece of beef? 不该说Will you have another piece of meat ?

4．However, Shylock agreed to lend Antonio the money on one condition.

　　 然而,夏洛克还是同意借钱给安东尼奥,但是有一个条件。

　　 on one condition 作 “规定一个条件”解.这个条件就是下文的带有if从句的复合句所表达的意思––––如果三个月不还钱就割安东尼奥身上的肉。

　　 on condition (按……条件,在条件……下),后跟that-clause , 这是一个条件状语从句。例如:

　　 You can have the book for a few days on condition that you return it next week.

　　 只要你下星期能归还,我可以把这本书借给你几天。

　　 I will do it on condition that I am paid well. 如报酬好,我愿意干。

3．The reason for this was that Antonio had many times scolded Shylock publicly for being greedy and cruel.　 因为安东尼奥曾多次当众斥骂夏洛克的贪婪和残忍。

　　 ①scold 在这里是及物动词,作 “申斥,怒骂” (blame with angry words )

　　 例如:He was scolded for telling a lie. 他因说谎而受到责备。

The teacher scolded John for cheating at the examination.

老师因约翰在考试中作弊而责备了他。

Dad scolded me for coming home late. 父亲责备我回家晚了。

　　 ②介词短语for being greedy and cruel 作原因状语修饰动词scold , for作 “因为、由于”解时,它可跟名词、动词 ing 形式及从句作其宾语.例如:

They all jumped for joy at the news. 听到这消息,他们都高兴地跳起来。

Excuse me for being late. 请原谅我来晚了。

I’m sorry for what has happened. 发生这件事我很抱歉。

2．Bassanio, Autonio’s best friend, was in love with Portia, ……

be in love with意为“与……恋爱，爱上”

He has never been in love with anybody before.

fall in love with……也是“爱上”的意思。

We fell in love with the garden as soon as we saw it.

　 [课文背景介绍]　

The text is taken from the play “The Merchant of Venice” written by Wiiliam Shakespeare (1564-1616). He was born in Stratford on Aron, England. He spent his early youth in　 a rather　 wealthy family. He went to the grammar school at Stratford and there he learned Latin and a little Greek but he could not finish his schooling because his father soon got into difficulties in trade. In 1585 or 1586 he left Stratford for London, where he got a job in a play-house, taking care of gentlemen’s horses, or doing some other simple work.. Then he became a actor and later started to　 write plays. In 1592 he first came to notice as a play writer in London .In 1599 he became a part owner of the Gold Theatre in London, and finally retired to his birthplace, Stratford on Aron in 1613.He continued to be an actor and to write plays for more than twenty years. Many of his plays were published during his lifetime. As a play writer he wrote tragedies(悲剧)、 comedies(喜剧)and historical plays(历史剧),and as a poet he wrote narrative poems(长诗)and sonnets( 十四行诗)、His famous plays include Hamlet(哈姆雷特)、 Twelfth Night(十二夜)， King Lear( 李尔王)，Henry Ⅷ (亨利八世)、Romeo and Juliet (罗米欧和朱丽叶)。

　　 [释疑解惑]

1. He had many merchant ships, which traded with other countries.

　 　　他拥有许多商船,与别国进行贸易.

　　 trade v.经商,做买卖 (engage in the business of buying or selling goods );对换 (exchange)

例如:

　 China has traded in industrial and agricultural products with many countries.

　 中国和许多国家进行工农业产品方面的贸易。

　 The firm trades(vi) largely in silk with America . 这个公司和美国作大宗的丝绸贸易。

　 He is in the furniture trade. (n.)他从事家具业。

　 The boy traded his knife for a ball. 这孩子用他的刀换了一个球。

　 trade 还可用作名词.例如:

　 foreign trade 　 对外贸易　　　 　　　　　　　　 domestic trade 　　　　　　 国内贸易

　 free trade 　　　　　　　 自由贸易　　　　　 　　　　　 the balance of trade 　　　 贸易平衡

　　 [重点词语] agreement, bitter, weakness, judgement, desire, greet, (greeting)

　　　　　　　 punishment,　 comfort,　 poem,　 make a promise, take one’s seat,

　　　　　　　 be seated, use one’s head,　 take…in one’s arms, according to ,

　　　　　　　 take pride in , play the role of , on condition that ,

　　 [重点句型] I never know so young a lady with so wise a head.

　　 [语法焦点] 复习动词不定式

　　 [口语交际] 进餐用语