题目列表(包括答案和解析)

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1. 误:The patient was warned to eat not oil food after the operation .

  正:The patient was warned not to eat oil food after the operation .

  析:不定式的否定式应在 to do 前加 not .

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[心中有数]

单元语法发散思维

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1. put forward提出 ( 建议,提议等 ) 2 . teach sb . a lesson 给某人一个教训  3 . hear from sb .收到某人的来信  4 . help oneself  随便吃 ( 拿 ) ……  5 . hold on        别挂电话  6 . at large逍遥自在  7 . laugh at嘲笑  8 . lend sb . a hand帮助某人  9 . at length       最后  10 . lose weight减肥  11 . take some measures采取措施 12 . be not quite oneself  身体不太好  13 . pick out 挑选出 14 . take pictures of拍……的照片 15 . reach for伸手去够           16 . rise up 起义、反抗  17 . by road 乘汽车 18 . talk rubbish胡说八道 19 . in short        简言之  20 . show off炫耀  21 . shut up住口  22 . stand for代表,象征  23 . stay up        熬夜  24 . take some steps采取一些措施  25 . turn out结果是  26 . no wonder  27 . have words与某人争吵 28 . keep watch放哨

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10. obtain, gain, get, acquire, earn, achieve

[明晰](1)obtain得到,获得(指经过巨大努力,较长时间而获得了想往以久的东西)。如:

They realized only through struggle could they obtain their freedom and rights .

How they wish to obtain some first-hand information .

(2)gain取得,得到,获得;加快速度;增加体重。在表“获得”时gain有引起别人的注意而获得知识、尊敬、垂青之意。如:

gain his respect,gain five pounds

(3)get是常用词,可指以任何方式得到,不一定经过努力。

(4)acquire取得,获得。(常跟抽象名词,含通过努力或经过一定过程而得到某物)。    By self-teaching, he has acquired a good knowledge of space .

 (5)earn作“获得,赚钱,谋生”讲,含经过艰苦努力而得到报偿。如:

earn one‘s/ a living by teaching 

earn enough to support one’s family .

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9. fitting, equipment, apparatus, instrument

[明晰](1)fitting口语中常用复数形式指“装置;设备;器材”如:

gas ( electric  light)  fittings 煤气(电灯)装置,office( bathroom) fitting 办公室(浴室)的设备。

(2)equipment 装备,设备(属不可数名词)。如:

heating  equipment  供暖设备,introduce a great deal of industry equipment 引进大批工业设备,medical equipment 医疗器械。

(3)instrument是可数可词“仪器;器具;工具;乐器”。如:

They measure the temperature with a new-type instrument .

He can play on several musical instruments .

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8. progress, progressive, advance, advanced, proceed

[明晰](1)progress“进展,进行,前进”指稳定地向一个明确目标前进,有时可能间隔,常用于抽象事物。 如:Our research work is progressing steadily . 我们的研究作正在稳步前进。

progressive 为形容词“逐步前进的;越来越坏的;随时代进步的”。如:

There is often a progressive loss of sight in old age .

a man full of progressive ideas 一个有进步思想的人。

(2)advance v . “前时,向前,促进”,指向一个固定目标移动,多指人或物以及科学技术等。如:

The troops advanced slowly . 部队缓慢地前进。

advance the cause of peace . 促进和平事业。

advanced 为形容词“前进的,先进的,高深的”。如:

China is well advanced in medicine .

an advanced teacher一位先进教师,the advanced mathematics . 高等数学。

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7. act, action, activity, active, deed, perform, actor, actress

[明晰](1)act 作名词是“行为;举动”(指具体、短暂、个别的行为,强调结果),还作“法令,条例”以及戏剧的“一幕”。如:To lie is a foolish act .

(SEFC B 2 L74)In 1964 a new Civil Rights Act was passed .  1964年一项新的民权法被通过。)

He wrote a play in three acts and five scenes . 他写了一部三幕五场的剧本。

act作动词表“采取行动,做,扮演(角色)”,侧重于动作,而perform也可作 “扮演”,侧重于演出某一节目,某一角色,某种乐器的表演能力、技巧、效果。Think before you act . 三思而后行。

Who is acting Napoleon?

The magician performed wonderful tricks .

(2)action作名词是“行动,行为,所做的事”,侧重抽象、连续或重复的行为,强调较长时间能完成某事的过程。 而activity 常用复数表“活动; 行动”。active为形容词“活动的,活泼的,有生气的”如:

We must take an action .

You should be active in taking social activities .

 (3)actor男演员,actress女演员。

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6. A navy ship was in a port in Scotland for repairs . 一艘海军战船停靠在苏格兰的一个港口维修。

[明晰]repair vt . n . 修理,修补。(常用复数)修理工程; 修理工作。 其常见搭配有:   under repair 正在修理,during repairs 整修期间, out  of  repair= in  bad  repair失修,in good repair 维修良好,need repair  需要维修, make( 或do, perform, carry out) repairs on/to  a damaged car 修理一辆损坏的汽车/capital  repair大修/work on the repairs进行修理。

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5. What is more, this“information line” operates 24 hours a day . 而且,这种“内讯线路”一天24小时工作。

[明晰](and) what is more(常作插入语)更重要的是,更有甚者,而且。如:

You’ve come late for school, and what‘s more you’ve lost your books .

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