3.at the end of...

　at the end of...意思是“在……之末”，其反义词组是at

　the beginning of...“在……之初”，“在……开始”。注意of都不可以省略。例如:

　He will leave for New York on business at the end of this month，and will be back at the beginning of next month.

　例1 单项填空

　Those oranges taste .

　A. good B. well

　C. to be good D. to be well

　[解析] 答案为A。

　系动词taste后面要接形容词作表语。

　例2 单项填空

　I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please ?

　A. turn it on B. turn it down

　C. turn it up D. turn it off

　[解析] 答案为C。

　根据语境，说话人是希望将音量调大一点，以便他听得更清楚。所以该选C。

　例3 单项填空

　He put the books in the box the shelf.

　A. instead B. instead of

　C. instead of on D. instead on

　[解析] 答案为C。

　本题考查instead及instead of的用法。题干中的in the box与on the shelf对应。所以该选C。

2.at the back of...

　at the back(of...)意为“在(……内部)后面”，其反义词组

　为in the front of...“在(……内部)前面”。例如:

　The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom，

　while the foreign guests are sitting at the back(of the classroom).

　注意:和它们对应的一组词是in front of...“在……(外部)的前面”和behind...“在……(外部)后面”。例如:

　There s a beautiful garden behind the house.

　Some children are playing on the playground in front of the classroom.

1.let...out

　let...out意为“让……出去”，其反义词组为let...in，这里的out和in都用作副词。注意其对应词组是:let...out of...，let...into...，后一组词后面均可接表示地点的名词，表示“从……出来”和“进入……”。例如:

　Open the window and let the smoke out.

　It s dangerous to let the tiger out of its cage.

8. You must do everything as I do.

　这儿的as作“像……，按照……”解。例如:

　When in Rome， do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。

　as也可以引导时间状语从句，意思为“当……时候，随着……”。例如:

　As he was a child，he loved reading.

　As time passed，I nearly forgot the thing.随着时间的流逝，我几乎忘了这件事。

　as还可以引导原因状语从句，意思为“因为，由于”。例如:

　As he had no car，he couldn t get there early.

　Lesson 8

7.none of...

　none of...意为“(在三个或三个以上的人或事中)没有一个”，后面接名词或代词。如果用于句首，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。注意none通常不单独用。例如:

　None of us is/are interested in history.我们中没有一人对历史感兴趣。

　I like none of the books.这些书我一本都不喜欢。

　注意none和neither的区别。neither (of...)意思是“(两者中)没有一个或都不”，后面可接名词或代词，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。例如:

　Neither of my parents was at home.我父母都不在家。

　I want neither of the two books.这两本书我都不想要。

6.instead of

　instead of意为“代替……，……而不……”，后接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语。例如:

　I ll go to Wuhan instead of her.

　The baby was smiling at me instead of crying.这孩子没有哭，反而冲我笑了。

　He went there on foot instead of by bus.他是步行去那儿的，而不是乘车。

　注意instead of...和instead的区别。

　instead副词，一般用于句末，后面不再跟其他词，用于否定前面提到的事情;instead of...短语介词，用于否定of后面的宾语。例如:

　Mr Zhang was ill yesterday，so Miss Wei took his class instead.(=Miss Wei took the class instead of Mr Zhang，beˉcause he was ill yesterday.)张老师生病了，所以魏老师代他上课。

　We didn t walk there.Instead，we took a taxi.(=We took taxi there instead of walking)我们没有步行，而是坐出租车去那儿的。

5.taste terrible

　taste这里用作系动词，意思为“尝起来……”，后接形容词作表语。类似的系动词还有smell，sound，look，feel等。例如:

　The mixture smells terrible.

　The music sounds wonderful.

　The sofa feels soft.

　除了上述表示感觉的系动词外，英语中还有一些表示变化的系动词，如become，get，turn等，后面也可接形容词作表语。

　It s getting colder and colder.

　In autumn，the leaves turn yellow.

4.mix v.

　mix，混合，搅拌 (物理过程)。后面常接介词with。例如:

　Oil and water don t mix.

　(=Oil doesn t mix with water.)

　You’d better mix the study with pleasure.

　mix up意为“混淆，搞混”。例如:

　I m afraid I have mixed your names up.

　If you mix up those newspapers，we won’t find the one we need quickly.如果你把这些报纸混在一起，我们就不能很快找到我们需要的那张。

　mix的名词形式是mixture，意思为“混合物”。例如:

　This glass of drink is the mixture of three kinds of fruit juice.

3.be filled with...

　fill，动词，意思是“填满，装满”，后面常接介词with，表示“用……装满/填满……”，也可以用于被动语态中，即be filled with...“被装满/填满……”。注意和be full of的区别。

　full用作形容词，表示所修饰词的状态，be full of...意思是 “装满了……”。例如:

　She was filled with happiness when she heard the news.

　The bag is full of sand.

2.make one s classes lively and interesting 在make+sb. /sth. + 形容词 中，make意思为“使……，致使……”。其中的形容词用来修饰sb./sth.的性质或所处的状态。例如:

　We are trying to make our country stronger.

　The song made him popular with the students.

　make后面还可以接省略to的动词不定式，即make sb.do sth.，“让某人做某事”。注意:此结构变为被动语态时，不定式结构要带to。例如:

　The teacher made her copy the whole text.

　(=She was made to copy the whole text.)