6. 一般过去时和过去进行时

　 比较下列句子：

　* I wrote a letter yesterday. (信写完了)

* I was writing a letter yesterday. (一直在写信，但不一定写完了)

* I was writing a letter when he came in. (他进来时，我正在写)

　 从以上例句可以看出，一般过去时常常用来表示过去的一个有结果的动作，而过去进行时1)强调动作在某一时刻正在发生2)动作在过去一段时间内一直在发生，无论哪一种情况都不强调动作的结果。再如：

*He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.

wrote; has finished　　　 B. was writing; has finished

C. was writing; had finished　 D. wrote; will finish

正确选项为B. 从I don’t know if he has finished it. 推断，他去年正在写。

* Tom ­________ into the house when no one ___________.

　 A. slipped; was noticing　　　　 B. had slipped; noticed

　 C. slipped; had noticed　　　　　 D. was slipping; noticed

　 正确选项为A. slip和notice 为同时发生的动作，因此B、C为错误选项，slipped指过去有结果的动作(他溜进去了)，when no one was noticing 指他溜进去的一刹那发生的情况(没有人注意)。

* As she ________ the newspaper, Granny _________ asleep.

　 A. read; was falling　　　　 B. was reading; fell　

was reading; was falling　 D. read; fell

正确选项为B(道理同上)。

* The last time I _________ Jane she __________ cotton in the fields.

　 A. had seen; was picking　　　 B. saw; picked　

C. had seen; picked　　　　　 D. saw; was picking

正确选项为D(道理同上)。

5. --- Hey, look where you are going!

　 --- Oh, I’m terribly sorry. _______.

　　 A. I’m not noticing.　 B. I wasn’t noticing.

　　 C. I haven’t noticed.　 D. I don’t notice.

　　 E. I didn’t notice.　　 F. I won’t notice.

　(正确选项B, 对话的后者显然是在解释刚才不小心冒犯对方时正在做的事情.)

4. The students ____ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she____in the office.

　　 A. were working; had left　　 B. worked; left

　　 C. had worked; left　　　　 D. were working; would leave

　 (正确选项A, 句中went 是说话人给定的时间, work 和leave发生的时间都要看它们与went 的时间关系, work 与went动作同时发生, 强调正在做,用过去进行时; leave 在went之前发生, 应用过去完成时.)

3. At that time he _____ in the library.

　　 A. worked　 B. had worked　 C. was working　 D. would work

　(正确选项C, was working 指 at that time 正在发生的行为.)

2.　 --- When shall we leave?

　　 --- As soon as I ______ what I _______.

　　 A. will finish; do　　　 B. have finished, am doing

　　 C. finish, will do　　　 D. finish, do

　(正确选项B, as soon as 从句前省略了主句, 时间状语从句中动词强调将来的结果用现在完成时; what I am dong 指目前正在做的事.)

1. I don’t really work here. I ____ until the new secretary _______.

　　 A. just help out; comes　　 B. have just helped out; will come

　　 C. am just helping out; comes　　 D. will just help out; has come

　(正确选项 C, 指目前一段时间正在发生的动作, until 引导的是时间状语从句,动词需用一般现在时.)

5. 现在进行时和过去进行时

基本概念: 指目前(一点或一段时间) / 过去(一点或一段时间)正在发生的动作.

例句

2. B　 ( 非强调结果，A错；不是指目前一般的情况，D错；是指从过去延续到现在的情况，故B对。)

2.　 --- Have you had any letters from him?

　 --- No, I haven’t, but my wife _______ him regularly .

　 A. has heard from　 B. has been hearing from　

　 C. had heard from　 D. hears

Key: 1. C (强调动作从过去到现在的延续，而非动作的结果)

1. --- Hi, Tracy, you look tired.　 “

--- I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.

　 A. painted　　 B. had painted　　 C. have been painting　　 D. have painted