5. 尽管付出的努力不可估量，但那些偏远山城都已通车，这让全国人民感到无比自豪。

(accessible)

4. 期望过高和缺乏工作经验是很多毕业生未能找到理想工作的主要原因。(lack of)

3. 如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话，我将不胜感激。(the moment)

2. 因灾害频发，旅行社必须向游客确保旅行的安全。(assure)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.

1. 世博期间上海许多旅馆的房间必须提前预定。(reserve)

(C)

Birds that are half-asleep-with one brain hemisphere (半球) alert and the other sleeping-control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.

　　 Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.

　　 Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.

　　 Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in internal spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time.

　　 “We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.

　　 The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.

　　 Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.

　　 Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg.” He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.

72. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______.

　　　 A. they have to watch out for possible attacks

　　　 B. their brain hemispheres take turns to rest

　　　 C. the two halves of their brain are differently structured

　　　 D. they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions

73. What is implied about the example of a bird’s sleeping in front of a mirror?

　　　 A. An imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security.

　　　 B. Birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of their security.

　　　 C. The phenomenon of birds napping in pairs is widespread.

D. A single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror.

74. While sleeping, some water animals tend to keep half awake in order to ______.

A. alert themselves to the approaching enemy

　　　 B. emerge from water now and then to breathe

　　　 C. be sensitive to the ever-changing environment

　　　 D. avoid being swept away by rapid currents

75. By saying “just the tip of the iceberg”, Siegel suggests that ______.

　　　 A. half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather

　　　 B. the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved

　　　 C. most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers

　　　 D. half-brain sleep may exist among other species

Section C

Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

　 76.

Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.

　 77.　

This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional associations.

　 78.

Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18^th and 19^th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.

　 79.

The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics’ institute in Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.

　 80.

People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.

Section D

Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.　

Caring for animals, tutoring kids, helping seniors: Volunteer hours are more than a graduation must, they are life lessons. 　　 Vilma Sooknanan cleans cat cages, Max Carroll teaches children how to cook and Michael Rosenthal rolls wheelchairs at a hospital. 　　 What does this have to do with high school education? 　　 Everything. 　　 The three – and almost all other South Florida high school students – have to go outside of the classroom to earn their diplomas, doing what schools call “community service”. 　　 Broward public schools require 40 hours to graduate. Palm Beach County public schools require 20, and most private schools require at least that much. 　　 The purpose: To give students the chance to explore a career and create a habit of volunteering. 　　 “We hope that when they finish high school they’ll continue service,” says Mike Roland, student activities officer for the Broward School District. 　　 About half of U.S. public schools require community service, according to a national study. Broward School Board member Bob Parks says encouraging community service has launched all kinds of new projects, including tutoring and food collections. 　　 Sooknanan, a student at South Broward High School, is part of the Humane Society of Broward County’s volunteer program, which is so popular that even the waiting list is closed. Students work one four-hour shift a week for four months, and leave with 64 volunteer hours. 　　 Sooknanan changes litter boxes and puts down fresh newspaper for about 100 cats. 　　 Combined with her volunteer hours at beach cleanups and helping teachers at school, she’s well on her way toward 250 hours, which she hopes will catch the eye of Nova Southeastern University, where she wants to study marine biology. 　　 Carroll, a junior student at South Plantation High, has connected with FLIPANY, a nonprofit organization that offers cheap physical activity and food to low-income families. He helps teach children about cooking and healthy eating. 　　 “It has been a life-changing experience,” says Carroll, who is now leaning toward a career as a sports trainer. "I want to find a career encouraging people to lead a healthier lifestyle.”

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 15 WORDS.)

81. How many hours of community service are students required to do to graduate from most U.S. private schools?

82.　 Why do some U.S. schools require students to do community service to graduate?

83. The reason Sooknanan take up so many kinds of volunteer work is that ___________.

84. Volunteer work is popular in many high schools in the U.S., not only because ___________,

but also because ___________.

第II卷 (共45分)

　(B)

Mike Maietta was eating lunch when he got a text message from his mom.

　　 “Notre Dame,” it said. “Big envelope!”

　　 Mike, a senior at a Californian high school, shouted with joy. The big envelope meant that the excellent university in Indiana had offered him a place in its Class of 2013. But the $51,300 annual fee is a big obstacle. So Mike and his parents are considering offers from several other colleges and are calculating the costs of tuition, housing and holiday trips home.

　　 This year, money is the driving factor for a growing number of high school seniors, who have to decide what colleges to attend this fall. Less jobs and plunging house prices have changed family spending.

　　 “We’re excited that Mike got into eight great schools,” said Mike’s father, an engineer at Microsoft. “But if you consider going to school out of state, you’ve got to think about all of the other costs: moving, flying back and forth for the holidays. You’re looking at about $3,000 a year, just for travel.”

　　 As families weigh their choices, some are going back to financial aid offices hoping help packages can be increased.

　　 Rachel Brown was happy to get a thick envelope from New York University (NYU). Although she has always wanted to live in Manhattan, she is seriously considering the University of California San Diego (UCSD), because of the high cost in New York.

“The tuition for NYU is twice as much as UCSD,” said Rachel, 17. “My mom doesn’t want me to have a big debt when I graduate, and I don’t want that either. I’d have to take out a loan of $15,000. I’ll check and see if there’s any way that NYU can offer me any financial aid.”

More than 7.6 million American students have filled out the Free Application for Students Aid, a 19.9 percent increase over last year.

This month the Federal Department of Education urged college financial aid officers to give more help to certain families. A record 30,428 students applied for 2,300 places at Stanford, partly because the university increased financial aid for families earning below $10,000.

68. Mike may give up Notre Dame because of ______.

　 　　 A. travel fees　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. financial concerns

　 　　 C. poor exam results　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. worries about living far away from home

69. The phrase “Big envelope” in paragraph 2 probably refers to “______”.

　 　　 A. A text message　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. A large gift package

　 　　 C. An admission letter　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. A scholarship letter

70. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The number of American senior students applying for financial aid is increasing.

　 　　 B. Rachel Brown has given up NYU because of its high tuition and big debts.

　 　　 C. It is inevitably hard for college students to borrow money to cover costs.

D. An interest-free loan for students helps more students apply for Stanford.　　　　　

71. The passage mainly focuses on ______.

A. the calculation of different costs including tuition

B. the extremely hard financial situation in America

C. the excitement of students’ being able to enter ideal colleges

D. the financial crisis of families over college entrance

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the music arts are 　50　 　at the bottom of the list. Too often, music is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education which should be first taken into account. This view is 　51　 . In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.

　　 Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it 　　52　 　their thinking and values, as well as the social 　53　 　it came from. Rock music 　54　 a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical 　55　 . Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.

　　 Music provides a kind of feeling that cannot be 　56　 　any other way. 　57　 　can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotional meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and 　58　 　to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.

　　 The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human being “talk” to each other. They are the 　59　 　of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be 　60　 　others. When we do not give children 　61　 　to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we 　62　 　from them the meanings that music expresses.

　　 Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The 　63　 　do. Music is an important way we express the meaning and value of peace and love.

　　 So music education is far more 　64　 　than people seem to realize.

50. A. embarrassedly　　 　 B. doubtfully　　 　　　 C. unavoidably　　　　　　　 D. unexpectedly

51. A. aggressive　　 　　 　B. shortsighted　　 　 C. reasonable　　　　 　　 D. instructive

52. A. reflects　　 　　　　 　B. promotes　　 　　　　　　　 C. dominates　　 　 　　D. changes

53. A. position　　　　　　　　　　 　 B. benefit　　　　　　　　　 C. standard　　 　　　　　　 D. environment

54. A. takes in　　　 　 　B. stands for　　 　　　 C. makes up　　 　　　　　 D. looks through

55. A. instruments　　　　 　 B. families　　　　　　　　 C. traditions　　 　　　　　　 D. seasons

56. A. acquired　　 　　　 　B. understood　　 　　 C. abandoned　 　　　　　　 D. noticed

57. A. Music　　　　　　　　 　 B. Entertainment　　 C. Mathematics　　　　　　 D. Science

58. A. stick　　　　　　 　　 　B. refer　　　　　　　　　　 C. lead　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. respond

59. A. means　　 　　　　 　B. languages　　 　　　 C. features　　 　　　 　　　 D. achievements

60. A. compared with　　 　 B. imposed on　　 　　 C. shared with　 　　　　 D. drawn from

61. A. solution　　　　　　　 　　 　B. access　　　　　　　　　 C. entrance　　　　　　　　　 D. direction

62. A. take away　　 　　 　B. set aside　　 　　　　 C. draw up　 　　　　　　　　　　 D. work out

63. A. musicians　　　　　　 　 B. teachers　　　　　　　　 C. courses　　　 　　　　　　　 D. arts

64. A. enjoyable　　　　 B. wasteful　　 　　　　 C. necessary　　　　　　　　　 D. negative

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Dear Daughter,

As we drove off from Columbia, I wanted to write a letter to you to tell you all that is on my mind. 　　 First, I want to tell you how proud we are. Getting into Columbia is a real proof of what a great well-rounded student you are. You should be as proud of yourself as we are. 　　 It is in college that you will discover what learning is about. This will be the period where you go from teacher-taught to master-inspired, after which you must become self-learner. So do take each subject seriously, and even if what you learn isn’t critical for your life, the learning skills you acquire will be something you will treasure forever. 　　 Follow your passion in college. Take courses you think you will enjoy. Don’t be trapped by what others think or say, but make up your own mind. 　　 Most importantly, make friends and be happy. Pick a few friends and become really close to them – pick the ones who are genuine to you. Don’t worry about their grades, looks, or even personalities. 　　 Start planning early. I think your plan to study fashion is good, and you should decide where you want to be, and get onto the right courses. 　　 Whether it is coursework planning or picking a major, you should take control of your life. I will always be there for you, but the time has come for you to be in the driver’s seat – this is your life, and you need to be in control. Being in control feels great. 　　 So please treasure your college years – make the best of your free time, become an independent thinker in control of your destiny fate, learn and grow through your successes and challenges. 　　 May your years at Columbia be the happiest of your life, and may you blossom into just what you dream to be. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Love, 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Dad (& Mom)

65. According to the letter the author’s daughter is ______. A. scared to be leaving home 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. a well-rounded student C. the pride of her university 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. learning to drive a car

66. Which advice below is given to his daughter by the author?

　　 A. Party with friends in her free time.

B. Ignore what others think or say. C. choose friends with similar personalities.

D. Treasure and make the best of her college years.

67. From the passage, we can conclude the father is ______. A. worried about his daughter 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. strict with his daughter C. positive about his daughter’s future　　　　　 D. sad about his daughter’s leaving home

40. ______ strong-minded the teachers are, they should give their students enough time to share their ideas in class.

A. However　　　　　　 　 B. Whatever　　　　　　　 C. No matter 　　　　 　D. Although

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. appliance　　　　　 B. separate　　　　　　 C. professional　　　 D. potentially　　　　 E. techniques

F. apply　　　　 G. absolutely　　　 H. unplug　　　　　　　 I. contact　　　　　　　 J. external

Government statistics recently revealed that in the UK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their home. A smaller number are electrocuted(触电死亡) after 　41　 　with power lines outside the home. Electric shocks can cause a person’s heart or breathing to stop, can also cause burns and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic first aid 　42　 to deal with such emergencies.

What to do?

If you are the first person to reach someone who has had an electric shock, don’t touch him or her!

If they are still holding the appliance that has given them the shock, 　43　 　it or turn off the power at its source. Under no circumstances should you try to move the 　44　 　with your hand!

If you can’t turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to 　45　 　the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.

The victim must remain lying down. If they are unconscious, victims should be placed on their side. But they should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spin injuries unless it is　 46　 　necessary.

It is necessary to maintain the victim’s body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, 　47　 　mouth-to-mouth way. Keep the victim’s head low until 　48　 　help arrives.

If the electric shock has been caused by a(n) 　49　 　power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.

39. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms ______ similar accidents happening.

A. prevent　　　　　　　　　　 　 B. preventing　　　　　　 C. to prevent 　　　　 　D. prevented