题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Today, the world is rapidly urbanizing. With half of the world population expected to live in cities by the early part of the 21st century, the Shanghai 2010 World Expo’s focus on a better city bears profound meaning.
What might future cities look like 28 years from now? Here are some scenarios: things to come, things to go.
Zero waste
Waste disposal is one of the biggest headaches for cities. Apart from recyclable waste, everything is buried or incinerated（焚烧）, only to pollute the environment. Plastic waste remains underground for several decades. The world produces much more garbage than it can dispose of.
Now at the Expo, all waste is delivered to a compression station where the waste is sorted, filtered, decontaminated, deodorized and compressed before finally being disposed of at designated spots. In Beijing, people living in the Asuwei area turn their household waste into organic fertilizers which are used to grow plants at residence communities.
No more transportation problems during Spring Festival
The Spring Festival, the most important Chinese holiday when everyone returns home, has caused headaches for millions of Chinese. More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making obtaining travel tickets and the journey difficult.
But in 28 years, Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all. China plans to have more than 120,000 kilometers of railway and a rapid transportation network that will serve 90 percent of the population by 2020. And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so migration will no longer be so large-scale.
Newspapers to disappear
American scholar Philip Meyer predicts that newspaper will come to an end in 2043. Utagawa Reizou, former editor-in-chief of The Mainichi Daily News, believes that the newspaper will be gone in 2030.
This kind of prediction may worry those in print news business. In the U . K. , the circulations of national newspapers are declining. Major Japanese newspapers have gone into debt. In the U. S. ,declining circulations and ad revenues have forced several newspapers to stop printing paper editions.
Media tycoon Rupert Murdoch thinks the future of media relies on interaction through the Internet. In the future, digital newspapers will be sent to portal web terminals through wirelessly. Readers can discuss issues with journalists and editors. Information will move faster.
Oil to run out
In August 2009, Fatih Birol, chief economist of the International Energy Agency, said that oil is running out faster than expected and that the world will likely feel the tightness in supply in the next five years.
Scientists have found substitutes for oil as fuel. Coal, natural gas, soar power, nuclear power and even water can replace oil as sources of energy. Flammable ice reserves alone can support humans for the next 1,000 years.
61. By now, the world population in cities has grow to about _________.
A. 6.9 billion B. 0.75 billion C. 3.5 billion D. 1.3 billion
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Everything buried or incinerated, besides recyclable waste, pollutes the environment.
B. People deal with their household waste in an environmentally-friendly way in the Asuwei area, Beijing.
C. More than 2 billion people suffer from headaches during the Spring Festival in China.
D. By 2020, 90 percent of the population will have to go to other places to find a job.
63. According to the American predictor Philip Meyer, what will happen in 2043?
A. Newspaper will disappear.
B. Japan has to stop printing newspapers.
C. Digital newspaper will be sent to portal web terminals.
D. Information will move faster.
64. _________ can replace oil as sources of energy in the future.
A. Coal and natural gas B. Solar power and nuclear power
C. Water and flammable ice reserves D. All the above
65. Which of the following can be best title for the passage?
A. The Shanghai 2010 World Expo
B. What will city life be like in 28 years
C. A rapid urbanizing world
D. Things to come, things to go
There has been a large increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is believed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in thefuture. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.
London
London’s flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat (威胁)of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 31 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not solved
There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property(财产）in London’s flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous.
Paris
Over a six week period in July and August 2003, more than 1 1,400—mainly elderly people—died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?
One solution is to have air-conditioners installed（安装）in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放).
In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower,” which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner.
Shanghai
Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century.
About 250，000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption（消耗）. China depends heavily on coal—fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons.
1.What problem should be settled now in London?
A. How to protect the city’s property
B. Where to build its flood defences
C. How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city
D. How to improve the function of the old flood defences
2.Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris?
A. Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo.
B. Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes.
C. Forbidding the city to build “Flower Tower”.
D. Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings.
3.The major threats to Shanghai are __________.
A. increasing population and coal-fired power stations
B. rising sea levels and typhoons
C. extremely high temperature and rising sea levels
D. extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons
4.The purpose of the passage is __________.
A. to tell us how to protect the big cities
B. to give advice on how to defend natural disasters
C. to explain what causes flood and heat waves
D. to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities
Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is on the Southern Hemisphere(半球)of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flower exhibition. There we saw large numbers of wild flowers on show, most of which we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. Every year in spring Perth has wild flower exhibitions. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves very much. When we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill, we looked up, but what we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to our car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us along the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos(袋鼠). After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself among the white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere you can see sheep.
【小题1】Which country is the writer most possibly from?
| A．Japan | B．Canada | C．China | D．America |
| A．Australia has enough laws to fight against pollution. |
| B．Perth is the biggest city in Australia. |
| C．The wild flowers in Perth must be different from what the author sees in his/her country. |
| D．The author enjoyed his/her visit in the countryside. |
| A．a public show for people to visit |
| B．a market where you can buy all kinds of flowers |
| C．a place where all kinds of flowers are grown |
| D．a field where there are flowers and animals |
| A．its population | B．its size | C．its kangaroos | D．its wild flowers |
Australia is the largest island in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is in the south of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flowers' exhibition (展览).There we saw a large number of wild flowers we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. In spring every year Perth has the wild flowers' exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves.
Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere are sheep.
【小题1】Australia is
| A．the largest country in the world | B．larger than China |
| C．as large as Shanghai | D．not so large as China |
| A．increase the population | B．grow more plants |
| C．fight against pollution | D．show wild flowers |
| A．the capital of Australia | B．in the west of Australia |
| C．in the east of Australia | D．the biggest city in Australia |
| A．October | B．January | C．May | D．July |
| A．All the big cities in Australia are seriously polluted. |
| B．Australia .is famous for its sheep, kangaroos and large population. |
| C．We ran back to the car because we were in the middle of the white sheep.. |
| D．If you go to the countryside in Australia, you will see a large number of White sheep. |
Australia is the smallest continent in the world. It is a little smaller than China. It is on the Southern Hemisphere of the earth. Australia is big, but its population is small. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai.
Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution. The cities in Australia have little air or water pollution. The sky is blue and the water is clean. You can clearly see fish in the rivers. Plants grow very well.
Last month we visited Perth, the biggest city in Western Australia, and went to a wild flower exhibition. There we saw large numbers of wild flowers on show, most of which we had never seen before. We had a wonderful time. Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers. Every year in spring Perth has a wild flower exhibition. After visiting Perth, we spent a day in the countryside. We sat down and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill. It was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves very much. When we heard bells ringing at the top of the hills, we looked up, but what we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to our car as quickly as we could. There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us along the path.
Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos（袋鼠）. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourself among the white sheep. Sheep, sheep, everywhere you can see sheep.
【小题1】Which country is the writer most possibly from?
| A．Japan | B．Canada | C．China | D．America |
| A．Australia is the smallest country in the world |
| B．Australia is the same size of Shanghai. |
| C．Australia is in the northern part of the earth. |
| D．The people in Australia are as many as those in Shanghai. |
| A．Australia has enough laws to fight against pollution. |
| B．Perth is the biggest city in Australia. |
| C．The wild flowers in Perth must be different from what the author sees in his/her country. |
| D．The author enjoyed his/her visit in the country. |
| A．a public show for people to visit |
| B．a market where you can buy all kinds of flowers |
| C．a place where all kinds of flowers are grown |
| D．a field where there are flowers and animal |
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