Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals. These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in storage. Using them is a simple way to fight insects and keep crops fresh.

　 Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas, also

known as black-eyed peas. Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids (豆象), which grow from egg to adult in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty eggs. They can destroy the whole harvest within months.

　 Farmers can sell their crops immediately. But selling at harvest time means more competition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides (杀虫剂) to kill the bugs. But a crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says, “They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide. In Nigeria, they have reported a lot of cases of death. They usually call cowpeas ‘killer beans’ in Nigeria.”

　 Mr. Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in Indiana, America. The project is called PICS---Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage. He says the storage bags are thick enough that any insects already in the cowpeas willdie from a lack of oxygen. The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest. The bags cost about two dollars each. Mr. Baributsa says that is not much, especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crops. The bags are produced locally. Donors currently support the project, but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donation for the project will not lastforever.

　 A company based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bags. These are called SuperGrainbags. Phil Villers, the company’s president, says storing a harvest safely not only helps farmers earn more money, but also reduces the amount of the harvest loss to insects, spoilage and mishandling. “What does not get wasted and eaten means it is possible to feed a hungry world,” said Phil Villers.

61. What is the best title for this passage?

　　　 A．Simple bags save the harvest.　 　　 B．Plastic bags kill the insects.

　　　 C．Bruchids do harm to the harvest.　　 D．Pesticides threaten food safety..

62．It can be inferred that bruchids_______.

　　　 A．steal the stored crops for their future.　　　　 B．survive in airtight plastic bags.

　　　 C．grow slowly. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　D．breed fast.

63．How does the name of “killer beans” come out?

　　　 A．The beans are poisonous by nature.　　　　 　 B．People eat beans that are infected by bugs.

　　　 C．Farmers use chemicals to kill bugs improperly.　 D．Bugs ruin beans within a short time.

64．Which statement of the following is NOT true?

　　　 A．Any insects in the bags will soon use up the air and then die.　

B．The airtight plastic bags currently sold on the market do not last long.

　　　 C．The project provides the farmers with the bags for free at present.　　

D．What farmers can earn from the use of the bags is more than they have to pay.

65．According to the passage, the storage bags can do the following EXCEPT______.

　　　 A．double the total harvest　　　　 B．raise farmers’ income

　　　 C．help fight world hunger　 　　　 D．help project crops from being spoiled

阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Name a female celebrity who is 5'2" and weighs 280 pounds.

　　Give up? It's Koko, the world's best known living gorilla(大猩猩).

　　Koko is impressive. But it's her brains, not physical strength, that have earned her fame. This ape is smart!

　　Koko was born on July 4, 1971. As a baby at the San Francisco Zoo, she was introduced to Francine “Penny” Patterson, a graduate psychology student specializing in communication. Penny wanted to try to teach Koko sign language. The zoo gave her the green light.

　　Under Penny's guidance, Koko eventually mastered over a thousand words in a certain form of American Sign Language. Surprisingly, Koko also demonstrated she could combine these signs to express thoughts and feelings. Both she and Penny soon became media favorites. But the experiment led to another unexpected result: Penny and Koko developed a deep emotional bond.

　　No one was more amazed by this than Penny.“I was expecting an animal project and thought I could easily leave it after four years,” she admits. “But what I ended up with was a daughter. And you can't leave your daughter after four years.”

　　In 1976 Penny and others founded The Gorilla Foundation. TGF's mission is to “bring interspecies(物种间) communication to the public, in order to save gorillas from dying out, and call on our children to create a better future for all the great apes”. Since then, TGF has fought hard to prevent the hunting of gorillas for meat.

　　As the numbers of wild gorillas are few, Koko remains childless. She has rejected all suitors(求婚者) so far, focusing her love as a mother instead on her cat, Smoky.

　　Will Koko finally find “Mr. Right”? Only time will tell. Until then, Smoky is likely to remain the world's only cat who thinks of a gorilla as “Mom”!

1．The fact about the gorilla is that ________.

[　　]

A．it is not big enough since it has a height of 5'2" and a weight of 280 pounds

B．it is the only living gorilla in the San Francisco Zoo

C．it is so clever that it can communicate with people through Sign Language

D．it has lost its nature so that it has refused all the suitors

2．The reason why Penny was able to succeed in teaching Koko was that ________.

[　　]

A．she loved animals and took Koko for her own daughter

B．the zoo gave her the permission to train Koko

C．she worked for many years in the zoo and knew Koko well enough

D．she was specialized in communication

3．The underlined words “emotional bond” may have the meaning of ________.

[　　]

A．mother-daughter love

B．trainer-learner care

C．human-animal friendship

D．gorilla-cat relationship

4．Which statement of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

[　　]

A．Penny did not expect it would be hard for her to part Koko after four years' experiment.

B．Penny set up TGF in order to protect gorillas from being killed.

C．Smoky has all the time looked on Koko as her mother.

D．Koko will find “Mr. Right” when she is set free into the wild.

Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut he greenhouse gases they send out, which are thought to be responsible for global warming.

Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence(肠胃气胀)contains no methane(甲烷)and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.

While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack (烟囱) pushing out carbon dioxide, farm animals’ passing wind contribute a sur­prisingly high percentage of total emissions (排放物)in some countries.

“Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia are from enteric methane from cattle and sheep,” said Athol Kleve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.

“And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent, ” he said.

Researchers say the bacteria also make the diges­tive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.

But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate (分离) the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.

Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.      

The idea is controversial (有争议的), but about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.

“It's low in fat, it’s got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the free-range (放养的) animal,” said Peter Amp of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies.

1.Scientists intend to put bacteria into cattle and sheep _________.

A. so that they can make full use of special bacteria

B. to help Australian farmers to earn more money

C. so that they can protect Australian ecosystem

D. to prevent them from sending out harmful gases

2.Athol Kleve seems to believe that ________.

A. cattle and sheep produce more carbon dioxide

B. less cattle and sheep are raised in New Zealand

C. farm animals are responsible for greenhouse gases

D. New Zealand has the most animals in the world

3.What do the underlined words “the idea” in para­graph 9 refer to?

A. Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos.

B. The bacteria could make the digestive process much more efficient.

C. Australians should give kangaroo - style stomachs to cattle and sheep.

D. The bacteria could save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.

4.Which of the statements is the advantage Peter Amp lists about kangaroo?

A. it is rich in protein                                    B. it is cheaper than beef

C. it is high in fat                                                       D. it is more delicious than sheep

 

Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out, which is thought to be responsible for global warming.

Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence（肠胃气胀）contains no methane（甲烷）and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.

While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack（烟囱）pushing out carbon dioxide, farm animals’ passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions（排放物）in some countries.

“Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep,” said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.

“And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they’re actually up around 50 percent,” he said.

Researchers say the bacteria also makes the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.

But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate（分离）the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.

Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos. And about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.

“It’s low in fat, it’s got high protein levels and it’s very clean in the sense that basically it’s the free-range（放养的）animal,” said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales’s institute of environmental studies.

67. Scientists intend to put bacteria into cattle and sheep ________.

A. to prevent them from sending out harmful gases

B. to help Australian farmers to earn more money

C. so that they can protect Australian ecosystem

D. so that they can make full use of special bacteria

68. Athol Klieve seems to believe that ________.

A. cattle and sheep produce more carbon dioxide

B. less cattle and sheep are raised in New Zealand

C. farm animals are to blame for greenhouse gases

D. New Zealand has the most animals in the world

69. The main idea of the text is to ________.

A. discuss a better way to protect the each

B. warn farmers of the danger of animal waste

C. illustrate the possible solutions to pollution

D. present a recent study on global warming

70. The advantages Peter Ampt lists about kangaroos don’t include ________.

A. it is rich in protein                                 B. is low in fat

C. it is cheaper than beef                                   D. it is cleaner than sheep

Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out, which is thought to be responsible for global warming.

Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence（肠胃气胀）contains no methane（甲烷）and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.

While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack（烟囱）pushing out carbon dioxide, farm animals’ passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions（排放物）in some countries.

“Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep,” said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.

“And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they’re actually up around 50 percent,” he said.

Researchers say the bacteria also makes the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers.

But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate（分离）the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.

Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos. And about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.

“It’s low in fat, it’s got high protein levels and it’s very clean in the sense that basically it’s the free-range（放养的）animal,” said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales’s institute of environmental studies.

1. Scientists intend to put bacteria into cattle and sheep ________.

A. to prevent them from sending out harmful gases

B. to help Australian farmers to earn more money

C. so that they can protect Australian ecosystem

D. so that they can make full use of special bacteria

2. Athol Klieve seems to believe that ________.

A. cattle and sheep produce more carbon dioxide

B. less cattle and sheep are raised in New Zealand

C. farm animals are to blame for greenhouse gases

D. New Zealand has the most animals in the world

3. The main idea of the text is to ________.

A. discuss a better way to protect the each　 B. warn farmers of the danger of animal waste

C. illustrate the possible solutions to pollution D. present a recent study on global warming

4. The advantages Peter Ampt lists about kangaroos don’t include ________.

A. it is rich in protein　　　　　　　 　 B. is low in fat

C. it is cheaper than beef　　　　　　　 　 D. it is cleaner than sheep