阅读下面的文言文，完成下列各题。

孙权，字仲谋。兄策既定诸郡，时权年十五，以为阳羡长。郡察孝廉，州举茂才。（建安）五年，策薨，以事授权，权哭未及息，策长史张昭谓权曰：“孝廉，此宁哭时邪? 且周公立法而伯禽不师①，非欲违父，时不得行也。况今奸宄（奸臣）竞逐，豺狼满道。乃欲哀亲戚，顾礼制，是犹开门而揖盗，未可以为仁也。”乃改易权服，扶令上马，使出巡军。是时，惟有会稽、吴郡、丹杨、豫章、庐陵，然深险之地犹未尽从，而天下英豪布在州郡，宾旅寄寓之士以安危去就为意，未有君臣之固。张昭、周瑜等谓权可与共成大业，故委心而服事焉。曹公表权为讨虏将军，领会稽太守，屯吴，使丞之郡行文书事。待张昭以师傅之礼，而周瑜、程普、吕范等为将率。招延俊秀，聘求名士，鲁肃、诸葛瑾等始为宾客。分部诸将，镇抚山越，讨不从命。

（建安十三年）荆州牧刘表死，鲁肃乞奉命吊表二子，且以观变。肃未到，而曹公已临其境，表子琮举众以降。刘备欲南济江，肃与相见，因传权旨，为陈成败。备进住夏口，使诸葛亮诣权，权遣周瑜、程普等行。是时曹公新得表众，形势甚盛。诸议者皆望风畏惧，多劝权迎之。惟瑜、肃执拒之议，意与权同。瑜、普为左右督，各领万人，与备俱进，遇于赤壁，大破曹公军。公烧其余船引退，士卒饥疫，死者大半。备、瑜等复追至南郡。

十六年，权徙治秣陵。明年，城石头，改秣陵为建业。闻曹公将来侵，作濡须坞②。十八年正月，曹公攻濡须，权与相拒月余。曹公望权军，叹其齐肃，乃退。（《三国志??吴主传》）

注：①周公立法而伯禽不师：周公制定的礼法制度，他的儿子、受封于鲁国的伯禽却没有遵守。按照古人的解释，伯禽在服丧期间，徐戎（周代居住在今徐州一代的少数民族）作乱，伯禽就停止服丧而率兵讨伐，平定了徐戎。      ②濡须坞：修建在濡须口的堡坞，夹濡须水而筑。

对下列句子中加点的词语的解释，不正确的一项是   （    ）

A．权哭未及息                  息：停止

B．领会稽太守                  领：兼任

C．公烧其余船引退              引：拉

D．此宁哭时邪                  宁：难道

下列各组句子中，全都直接表现孙权励精图治的一组是（    ）

①策薨，以事授权   ②招延俊秀，聘求名士        ③乃改易权服，扶令上马

④公烧其余船引退   ⑤闻曹公将来侵，作濡须坞    ⑥权与相拒月余

A．①②④       B．①③⑥       C．③④⑤       D．②⑤⑥

下列对原文的叙述与分析不正确的一项是（    ）       

A．孙权继位之后，任用贤才，优礼士人，用对待师傅之礼事奉张昭、周瑜、鲁肃、诸葛瑾等人，一时间，孙权手下人才济济。

B．荆州牧刘表死后，其子刘琮投降曹操。此时的东吴内部分为主战、主和两派，孙权不顾主降派张昭等反对，联合刘备与曹操决战，取得赤壁之战的胜利。

C．孙权到秣陵（建业）后，曹操来犯，孙权与曹操大战于濡须坞，双方均不能获胜。看到孙权阵容齐整，曹操只好撤兵。

D．孙权作为一代英主，面对曹操的入侵，敢于抗击；经过赤壁之战，大败曹操，后又在濡须之战中取得胜利。

把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

①郡察孝廉，州举茂才。

②乃欲哀亲戚，顾礼制，是犹开门而揖盗，未可以为仁也。

③是时曹公新得表众，形势甚盛。诸议者皆望风畏惧，多劝权迎之。

语法填空（二） 阅读下面短文， 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空， 并将答案填写在答题卷标号为56~65的相应位置上。

Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships             56             (belong) to some European nations in the seventeenth century.  These nations were             57             (little) interested in changing it into a colony than in           58                  (explore) it.  As in the early history of the United States, it was the English    59               set up the settlements in Australia.  This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well.

       Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich   60               soil.  It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west.  However, this westward   61             (move) took place  62             because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing.  Settlements of the west part of both countries developed quickly after gold  63             (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.

       Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some   64             (strike) differences as well.  The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war.  Australia,  65             (like) the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising.  By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.  Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.

按要求改写句子 （1分*5）

1.David said to me, “ Will you go to the park tomorrow?”

(“直接引语”变“间接引语”)

2-3题：用“定语从句”合并两个简单句

2.The passengers felt extremely anxious. All of them took the plane for the first time.

3.The firm has set up a studio. The band can work on their new albums there.

4-5题：把句子改写为“被动语态”

4.Why are people speaking ill of that famous actress?

5.The public have suggested that refugees should be offered financial aid.

第四节：按要求完成下列句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

81.Tom broke the window with a stone yesterday . (改为强调句, 强调划线的部分。)

__________________________________________________________.

82.I will teach the pupils English in the school next month. (改为被动语态)

___________________________________________________________.

83.I helped him after he had apologized to me. (用only改为部分倒装句)

___________________________________________________________.

84.John doesn’t speak French. ( 我也不会说法语)Nor ____________ I .

______________________________________________

85.The teacher asked, “how did you repair the computer?”  (改为间接引语)

______________________________________________.

第四节：按要求完成下列句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
81.Tom broke the window with a stone yesterday . (改为强调句, 强调划线的部分。)
__________________________________________________________.
82.I will teach the pupils English in the school next month. (改为被动语态)
___________________________________________________________.
83.I helped him after he had apologized to me. (用only改为部分倒装句)
___________________________________________________________.
84.John doesn’t speak French. ( 我也不会说法语)Nor ____________ I .
______________________________________________
85.The teacher asked, “how did you repair the computer?”  (改为间接引语)
______________________________________________.