翻译下列句子。（满分10分）

1. 年轻人易被说服购买新的产品

Young people are ________ ________ ________ ________ new products.

2. 如果在我们打断别人或不同意某人意见时说“抱歉”也会使我们显得有礼貌。

__________ “sorry” if we __________ or __________ __________ someone also helps us to be polite.

3. 英语是由这些人带到不列颠的语法与词汇组成的。

The English language is __________ __________ __________ the grammar and vocabulary these people brought __________ Britain.

4. 在这个阶段，语音也经历了巨大变化。

   Pronunciation also __________ __________ ___________ __________during this period.

5. 有时为了表达想法，两个或更多的汉字结合在一起就构成了一些新的汉字。

   Sometimes _________ __________ ideas, some characters were made by __________ two or more characters __________.

第二节完形填空  (共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36至55各个题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When we visit another country, differences in music and dance are   36   some of the first things that we notice. Every culture has   37   its own types of music and dance, which are very different from those of other societies.
Each type of music usually has a distinctive rhythm and a special sound,   38   on the kinds of instruments that are used to produce it. The most common type of instruments are   39   instruments, such as guitars and violins; wind instruments, including horns and flutes. Many different kinds of musical sounds   40   be created by using different combinations of instruments.
The human voice is a very special kind of instrument,   41   it can produce a great number of different sounds with different   42  , ranging from loud to soft. Singing is very popular in most cultures because it allows us to   43   words and ideas with music.
Societies coordinate body movements with musical rhythms to create   44  . Sometimes people dance for fun and individual expression. Dances can also be used to   45   ideas to an audience. Hawaiian dancers,   46  , use arm and hand movements to express the meaning of a song. In the same way, many societies use dances in religious ceremonies   47   to tell about important events.
Music and dance are passed from one   48  to another and thus become a permanent part of the society and   49   culture. Of course, as cultures come   50   contact with each other, the music and dance of one society may be accepted by other societies, or the different styles may be combined to   51   a new kind of music or dance. Some Latin American music, for example, has taken   52   from Indian cultures and mixed them with those from European and African cultures.   53  , popular music from England and the US can be heard in countries   54   the world,   55   it has had an influence on musical tastes, especially among young people.
36. A. unlikely       B. likely  C. probably    D. surely
37. A. installed       B. meant    C. developed       D. established
38. A. focusing      B. depending  C. playing        D. resting
39. A. thread   B. string  C. cord   D. band    
40. A. might   B. can    C. must   D. should   
41. A. when    B. after   C. since   D. although  
42. A. heights B. sizes   C. tones   D. volumes
43. A. explain B. express       C. provide      D. compose
44. A. sounds  B. songs  C. moves D. dances
45. A. give     B. communicate     C. translate     D. perform
46. A. such as B. for example       C. that is D. on the contrary
47. A. just      B. as       C. only    D. or
48. A. country B. generation  C. people D. time
49. A. their     B. its       C. form   D. the
50. A. to  B. for      C. into    D. with      
51. A. join      B. show   C. form   D. become
52. A. advantages   B. features      C. styles           D. origins
53. A. However      B. On the contrary  C.  Similarly D. Besides
54. A. over     B. through      C. across D. along
55. A. when    B. where C. which D. what     

If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.

The main subject talked about in this passage is ________.

   A. science on learning a second language     B. man’s ability of learning a second language

C. that language can help brain power        D. language learning and maths study

The underlined word “bilingual” probably means _______.

   A. a researcher on language learning                      B. a second language learner

C. a person who can speak two languages                  D. an active language learner

We may know from the scientific findings that ________.

  A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is

B   there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn’t know a second language

C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people’s brain

D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time

In the last two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that _________.

A. learning a second language is the same as studying maths

B. early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in studying other subjects

CItalian is the best choice for you as a second language

D. you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language

Everyone has got two personalities — the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control your behavior，but when you’re asleep， your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their position．The important position is the one that you go to sleep in．
If you go to sleep on your back，you’re a very open person．You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas．You don’t like to upset people，so you never express your real feelings．You’re quite shy and you aren’t very confident．
If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive（不坦率的）person．You worry a lot and you’re always easily upset．You’re very stubborn（顽固的），but you aren’t very ambitious．You usually live for today not for tomorrow．This means that you enjoy having a good time．
If you sleep curled up（卷曲），you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion of yourself and so you’re often defensive．You’re shy and you don’t normally like meeting people．You prefer to be on your own．You’re easily hurt．
If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well-balanced personality．You know your strengths and weaknesses．You’re usually careful． You have a confident personality．You sometimes feel anxious，but you don’t often get depressed．You always say what you think even if it annoys people．
【小题1】According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality __________.

It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.At some point in every speech,every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned.Fortunately,such moments are usually not obvious(明显的) to the listeners.Why?Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say.They hear only what the speaker does say.If you lose your place for a moment,wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences,or forget to pause at a certain point,no one will be any the wiser.When such moments occur,don’t worry about them.Just continue as if nothing happened.
Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech,that doesn’t really matter.If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King’s famous speech—“I Have a Dream”,you may notice that he stumbles(结巴) over his words twice during the speech.Most likely,however,you don’t remember.Why?Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech-making.
People care a lot about making a mistake in a speech because they regard speech-making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication(交流).They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating competition.But,in fact,the listeners are not looking for a perfect performance.They are looking for a well-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly.Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human.
As you work on your speech,don’t worry about being perfect.Once you free your mind of this,you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.
【小题1】The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will _______.