For better eyesight, doctors advise limiting the hours of screen time and encourage having enough eye resting time.
However, another study shows that sitting in front of computer or TV screens for long hours is not the only reason for myopia（近视）. An Australian research team studied young children in Sydney and Singapore to find the reasons for myopia.
The research team found that the prevalence（流行）of myopia among children in Sydney was lower than children in Singapore, even though they spent more time in front of computer and TV screens. The major finding is that children in Sydney spend longer hours on outdoor activities than those in Singapore.
Indoor and outdoor sports activities both make the eyes focus on more distant objects, which prevents the eyes from changing shape. But outdoor activities may better help avoid myopia than indoor sports activities.
Jane Gwiazda, who does research in sight problems, says: “Natural light is good for eye growth. And extra vitamin D from the sun might contribute to eye growth.”
Many doctors suggest that every child get its first eye test done when he/she is about two and half years old, and even if his/her sight seems perfect.
It is necessary for myopic children to wear glasses to prevent headaches, trouble reading or injuries. It is also important that schools invite doctors to test their students’ eyes.
If that is not possible, school teachers should at least encourage parents and children to have regular eye examinations and wear glasses. And parents should remember not only to limit the total screen time for their children, but also to encourage them to spend time outdoors.

1. 1.

   What’s the aim of the study by the Australian research team ?

   1. A.
      To find the reasons for myopia.
   2. B.
      To find the ways to treat myopia.
   3. C.
      To prove the bad effects of myopia.
   4. D.
      To prove the prevalence of myopia.
2. 2.

   Why are there fewer children with myopia in Sydney than in Singapore ?

   1. A.
      Because Sydney children watch less TV.
   2. B.
      Because Sydney children have more eye resting time.
   3. C.
      Because Sydney children use computers less.
   4. D.
      Because Sydney children do more outdoor sports.
3. 3.

   What conclusion can we draw from the passage ?

   1. A.
      Sydney children don’t study hard.
   2. B.
      Singapore children do few exercises.
   3. C.
      Outdoor activities do more good to eyes.
   4. D.
      Room light does harm to children’s eyes.
4. 4.

   Which of the following statements is TRUE ?

   1. A.
      Children should have eye tests as soon as they reach school age.
   2. B.
      Doing outdoor activities with no glasses is good for myopia children.
   3. C.
      Focusing on distant objects can help the eyes keep their original shape.
   4. D.
      Children should limit their time in the sun in order to protect their eyes.

For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In  1  a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend  2   can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are   3   readers. Most of us develop poor reading  4    at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency   5  in the actual stuff of language itself ——words. Taken individually, words have  6   meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs.    7  , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing（退回） to  8    words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over   9  you have just read, is a common bad habit in reading. Another habit which  10   down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as  11    reads.

　　To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an  12  , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined（预先确定的） speeD．The bar is set at a slightly faster rate  13   the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast,    14  word-by-word reading, regression and subvocalization（默读）practically impossible. At first  15  is sacrificed for speeD．But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster,   16    your comprehension will improve. Many people have found  17   reading skill drastically improved after some training. 18  Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute  19   the training, now it is an excellent 1,28 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can   20  a lot more reading material in a short period of time.  

1．  A．applying B．doing       C．offering   D．getting

2．  A．quickly    B．easily       C．roughly    D．decidedly

3．  A．good       B．curious    C．poor        D．urgent

4．  A．training   B．habits      C．situations        D．custom

5．  A．lies   B．combines        C．touches    D．involves

6．  A．some       B．a lot        C．little        D．dull

7．  A．Fortunately     B．In fact      C．Logically        D．Unfortunately

8．  A．reuse       B．reread      C．rewrite     D．recite

9．  A．what        B．which      C．that D．if

10．A．scales      B．cuts C．slows       D．measures

11．A．some one        B．one   C．he    D．reader

12．A．accelerator      B．actor        C．amplifier D．observer

13．A．then        B．as     C．beyond    D．than

14．A．enabling B．leading    C．making    D．indicating

15．A．meaning B．comprehensionC．gist    D．regression

16．A．but   B．nor   C．or     D．for

17．A．our   B．your        C．their        D．such a

18．A．Look at    B．Take        C．Make       D．Consider

19．A．for   B．in     C．after        D．before

20．A．master     B．go over     C．present     D．get through

For years and years people have been saying that the railways are dead．“We can do without railways” people say，as if motorcars and planes made the railways unnecessary．We all keep hearing that trains are slow，that they lose money，that they’re dying．But this is far from the truth．In these days of expensive oil，the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes．If you want to carry people or goods from place to place，they’re cheaper than planes．And they have much in common with planes．A plane goes in a strange line and so does a railway．What is more，it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another．It doesn’t 1eave you as a plane does，miles and miles from the city center．It doesn’t hold you up as a car does，in endless traffic jams．And a single train can carry goods which no plane or motorcar could ever do．Far from being dead，the railways are very much alive．Modern railway lines give you a smooth，untroubled journey．Where else can you eat well，sleep in comfort，feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning．For we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, traveling at 1 50 miles an hour and more．Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorways we can't use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can't fly in for the same reason.

Some people think the railways are dead for many reasons except that ______   ．

  A．planes and motorcars will take the place of trains  B．oil is expensive today

  C．trains are slow                              D．railways lose money

The writer’s idea seems to be that ______   ．

  A. we can do without railways    B．trains have much in common with motorcars and planes

  C．motorcars and planes are not as good as trains D．trains are as good as motorcars and planes

According to the writer，which of the following is NOT true?

  A．It is cheaper to travel by train than by plane．

  B．The railway station is usually at the center of a city．

  C．When you get off the plane you will find yourself right in the city center．

  D．No motorcar or plane can carry as many goods as a train does．

From the underlined sentence at the end of the passage，we can infer that    ．

  A．1ess and less people will take planes and motorways in the future

  B．the people have known that the train is better than planes and motorways

  C．trains will be more popular in the future

  D．nobody likes spending much money on motorways

Another man-made wonder of the US was built long before the nation was established. About 900 years ago, the Ancestral Puebloan people built villages high in the walls of canyons（大峡谷）in Colorado, where 600 cliff dwellings are now part of the Mesa Verde National Park.    

Visitors can stand at the top and look into the dwellings almost hidden in openings of the rock walls.The Puebloan people cut small steps into the rock, which connected buildings containing hundreds of rooms.

The rock walls have protected the buildings from severe weather in the area; therefore, they remain mostly unchanged in the hundreds of years since they were built.

Our final man-made wonder is in the northwestern city of Seattle, Washington. The Space Needle was built as the central structure for the 1962 World’s Fair.          

The 184-meter-tall structure was designed by Edward Carlson, which has a wide base on the ground, with its middle narrow and a large ring-like structure on top.The structure was meant to look like a “flying saucer,” a vehicle that was popular in science fiction space travel stories. The saucer includes an observation area and eating place.The restaurant slowly turns to provide visitors with a 360 degree view of Seattle.

The Space Needle was not very costly, and was designed and completed in about a year and opened on the first day of the World’s Fair.

Today, the Space Needle is the most popular place for visitors to Seattle. And it remains the internationally known symbol of the city.

What can be talked about before the text?

       A. American geography.

       B. Touring in the USA.

       C. Other US artificial wonders.

       D. World natural wonders.

The underlined word “dwelling” is closest in meaning to “????????????________”.

       A. houses       B. people C. canyons      D. steps

The buildings in the rock stay almost unchanged because________.

    A. the weather there is severe

    B. they were well built

    C. people look after them well

    D. the rock walls protect them

Which is true of the Space Needle?

       A. It remains a symbol of the US.

       B. Edward Carlson built the structure.

       C. It has a ring-like structure on top.

       D. It is a man-made wonder in Colorado.

What is the best title of the text?

       A. Cultural Relics          B. Artificial Wonders in the US

       C. Symbols of Cities    D. Natural Places in the US

Another person’s enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved．That person was my stepmother．

       I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia．My father    36    me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is    37    for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no    38    than tomorrow morning．”

       My stepmother walked over to me,    39    my head slightly upward, and looked me right in the eye．Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are    40   ．This is not the worst boy at all,    41    the smartest one who hasn’t yet found an outlet（释放的途径）for his enthusiasm.”

       That statement began a（n）   42    between us．No one had ever called me smart. My family and neighbors had built me up in my    43    as a bad boy．My stepmother changed all that．

       She changed many things．She    44    my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors．She moved our family into the county seat, where my father’s career could be more    45    and my brother and I could be better    46   ．

       When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand    47    and told me that she believed that I could become a writer．I knew her enthusiasm, I    48    it, and I saw how it had already improved our lives．I accepted her    49    and began to write for local newspapers．I was doing the same kind of    50    that great day I went to interview Andrew Carnegie and received the task which became my life’s work later．I wasn’t the    51    beneficiary （受益者）．My father became the    52    man in town．My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president．

       What power    53    has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one’s purpose and is    54    strengthened by faith, it becomes an irresistible（不可抗拒的）force which poverty and temporary defeat can never    55   ．

       You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it．This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm．

A．rushed              B．sent                    C．carried               D．introduced

A．distinguished       B．favored               C．mistaken            D．rewarded

A．sooner              B．later                          C．longer                D．earlier

A．dragged           B．shook                 C．raised                 D．bent

A．perfect            B．right                   C．wrong                D．impolite

A．but               B．so                       C．and                    D．or

A．agreement        B．friendship           C．gap                    D．relationship

A．opinion           B．image                 C．expectation            D．mind

A．begged         B．persuaded            C．ordered              D．invited

A．successful        B．meaningful          C．helpful               D．useful

A．treaded            B．entertained          C．educated             D．respected

A．camera            B．radio                  C．bicycle               D．typewriter

A．considered         B．suspected            C．ignored                  D．appreciated

A．belief              B．request                C．criticism             D．description

A．teaching          B．writing               C．studying             D．reading

A．next                 B．same                   C．only                   D．real

A．cleverest          B．wealthiest            C．strongest            D．healthiest

A．enthusiasm          B．sympathy           C．fortune               D．confidence

A．deliberately         B．happily               C．traditionally          D．constantly

A．win                 B．match                 C．reach                 D．doubt