A. Set Career Goals

B. Conduct Research

C. Know Your Strengths

D. Decide Your Values

E. Get Some Experience

F. Find the Right Atmosphere

Tips for Successful Career Planning

    Before we start Career Planning with anything, there are pretty a few points related to career planning that we need to look into. Consider these few easy points to help you choose what your plan of action should be towards shaping your future successfully.

1.________

    Simply put: what’s important to you? Do you value freedom? Do you like independence? Or working as a member of a team? Do you like structure? Or lack of structure? Working a lot of hours? Or working flexible hours? Do you want a job with a considerable paycheck? Or a job that provides significance to your life? These are all critical questions that you must be able to answer because they will affect both your short and long-term happiness.

2.________

    Too often people choose the wrong careers because they don’t know the variety of jobs that exist within their field of study. Time spent properly studying the profession that you intend to undertake, and the field you wish to enter, is vital. Part of this study should include conducting informational interviews with people who do what you would like to do for a living, visiting websites that contain blogs that are written by people in your elected field, and reading employment magazines that contain stories about the movers and shakers in your industry.

3.________

    When choosing a career, think the sort of environment that you feel most joyful in. Are you the kind of person who works better with people or with objects? Do you prefer motion and activity, or calm and quiet? You’re more likely to do well in your career when you are in a comfortable environment.

4.________

    Build up a roadmap for your job and career achievement. A main part of career planning is setting short-term (in the coming year) and long-term (beyond a year) career and job aims. Once you begin this process, another part of career planning becomes reviewing and adjusting those aims as your career plans improvement or change — and developing new aims once you complete your earlier one.

5.­________

    Simply put: there is no alternate for experience. You need to get as much of it as rapidly as you can. Interning is a win-win plan for you and a prospective employer because they get free labor, and you get valuable experience. Without this experience, you remain idealistic if not unrealistic about the true-to-life rigors of the profession, and of the industry you want to work in. Gaining experience will help to prove your interests and pursuits, or help to re-direct them.

    These simple steps can help you get the maximum understanding with respect to how to start career planning ahead of time as to what can be a good career option for you and how you can go about it in the best possible way. Best of luck in all of your career efforts!

Catch yourself daydreaming while washing the dishes again? If this happens often you probably have a pretty capable working memory and a sharper brain, new research suggests.

This mind wandering, it seems, actually gives your working memory a workout. Working memory is the mental work space that allows the brain to juggle multiple thoughts at the same time. The more working memory a person has, the more daydreaming they can do without forgetting the task at hand.

Researchers studied groups of people from the University of Wisconsin－Madison community, ranging in age from 18 to 65. The volunteers were asked to perform simple tasks, like pressing a button every time they took a breath or clicking in response to a letter popping up on a computer screen; these tasks were so easy that their minds were likely to wander, the researchers figured.

The researchers checked in periodically, asking the participants if their minds were on task or wandering. When the task was over, they measured each participant's working memory capacity by having them remember letters while doing math questions. Though all participants performed well on the task, the researchers noticed that the individuals who indicated their minds had wandered more than others also scored higher on the working memory test.

“What this study seems to suggest is that, when circumstances for the task aren't very difficult, people who have additional working memory resources allocate them to think about things other than what they're doing，” said Jonathan Smallwood, a study researcher of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitve and Brain Science.

When our minds run out of working memory, these off－topic thoughts can take the main stage without us consciously meaning them to; for instance, arriving at home with no memory of the actual trip, or suddenly realizing that they've turned several pages in a book without understanding any of the words.

“It's almost like your attention was so absorbed in the mind wandering that there wasn't any left over to remember your goal to read，” study researcher Daniel Levinson, said in a statement.

People with overall higher working memory were better able to stay focused when the task at hand required it. Those who had low working memory often had their thoughts drift away from the task, and did less well at it.

The findings add to past research suggesting these mind drifts can be positive moments. For instance, daydreaming has often been associated with creativity—researchers think that our most creative and inventive moments come when daydreaming. It's likely that the most intelligent among us also have high levels of working memory, Levinson noted.

1.The word “juggle” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”．

A. handle  B. search  C. understand  D. distribute

2.What can be concluded from Jonathan Smallwood's words?

A. People who often have daydreams probably own a pretty capable working memory.

B. On the working memory test, people with wandering minds will get high score.

C. Absorbed in the mind wandering, your attention left no space for your goal.

D. Dealing with some easy jobs, people with higher working memory will daydream.

3.What is the best title of the passage?

A. Mind drifts are always positive.

B. Daydreaming is good for the mind.

C. Creative moments come with working memory.

D. The more daydreaming, the more effectively one works.

Secondhand smoke isn’t just a health threat to people.It can also hurt dogs and cats，veterinarians say.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，more than 126 million Americans who don't smoke are exposed to secondhand smoke in their homes，vehicles，workplaces，and public places.This exposure causes thousands of lung cancer and heart disease deaths among nonsmokers every year，according to the California Environmental Protection Agency.
“Making the leap from the effects of secondhand smoke on humans to their effects on pets isn't a big one,” says veterinarian （兽医专家） Carolynn MacAllister of Oklahoma State University.
“There have been a number of scientific papers recently that have reported the significant health threat secondhand smoke poses to pets,” MacAllister said.“Secondhand smoke has been associated with oral cancer and lymphoma in cats，lung and nasal cancer in dogs，as well as lung cancer in birds.”
Studies have also shown that dogs living in a smoking household are susceptible to cancers of the nose and sinus area，particularly if they are a long-nosed breed，because their noses have a greater surface area that is exposed to carcinogens and a greater area for them to accumulate.Dogs affected with nasal cancer normally don't survive for more than one year.
“Short and medium-nosed dogs are more susceptible to lung cancer，because their shorter nasal passage aren't as effective at accumulating the inhaled secondhand smoke carcinogens,” MacAllister said.“This results in more carcinogens （致癌物质） reaching the lungs.”
Birds are also at risk for lung cancer，as well as pneumonia，because their respiratory systems are hypersensitive to any type of air pollutant.
To help prevent animals from being adversely affected by smoking，pet owners who smoke should have a designated smoking area that is separated from the home or stop smoking altogether，MacAllister said.        

1. 1.

   From the passage，we can see secondhand smoke maybe not harmful to _______.

   1. A.
      smokers
   2. B.
      non-smokers
   3. C.
      pets
   4. D.
      trees
2. 2.

   What can be suggested according to the passage?

   1. A.
      Smokers can smoke anywhere.
   2. B.
      Smokers can smoke at any time.
   3. C.
      Smokers should smoke in the designated place.
   4. D.
      Smokers must give up smoking at once.
3. 3.

   What kind of dogs are likely to suffer from nasal cancer?

   1. A.
      Long-nosed dogs
   2. B.
      Short-nosed dogs
   3. C.
      Medium-nosed dogs
   4. D.
      Dogs without noses
4. 4.

   The best title of the passage is __________.

   1. A.
      Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in People
   2. B.
      Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Birds
   3. C.
      Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Pets
   4. D.
      Secondhand Smoke Causes Cancer in Cats
5. 5.

   What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “are susceptible to”?

   1. A.
      are likely to be harmed by
   2. B.
      are hard to be influenced by
   3. C.
      are less to be effected by
   4. D.
      are lucky to be caught by

People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions--and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

      Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

      "We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."

      According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

      The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

      It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."

    In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

1. The discovery shows that Westerners __

A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

2.What were the people asked to do in the study?

A. To make a face at each other.                  B. To get their faces impressive.

C. To classify some face pictures.                 D. To observe the researchers' faces.

3.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?

A. The participants in the study.                   B. The researchers of the study.

C. The errors made during the study.         D. The data collected from the study.

4.In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to __

A. do translation more successfully   B. study the mouth more frequently

C. examine the eyes more attentively        D. read facial expressions more correctly

5.What can be the best title for the passage?

A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding

LG Electronics, the world’s fourth largest cell phone producer, has added another feature to the mobile phone-reading books for the visually impaired(弱视). The company started marketing the model, the LF1300 on Sep.18.No other people but the blind and visually-impaired with a certificate(证书) can buy the talking phone at sales shops of LG Electronics.

“The LF1300 is the world’s first mobile phone that is capable of reading books for the print-disabled, who otherwise could not enjoy them．This is not about making money but about continuing to put froth efforts to reduce the digital difference for the disabled,” LG Vice President said.

Its users can download about 300 audio books from the Internet site of LG Sangam Library to their phones for free in two ways. One is to access the digital library’s Website on a computer designed for the blind to get the audio books and transfer them to cell phones. The other is to download the digital books directly with cell phones through the wireless net work by touching a hot key on the LF1300 phone.

On top of its unique feature of reading books, the LF1300 is no worse than the pupular top-line phones in both outlooks and frnctionalities(功能性). The phone is armed with an MP3 player and a Bluetooth headset, enabling users to listen to the music or talk without a cord. The user interface（界面) of the LF1300 is also designed for the blind,enabling phone users to control it through a voice guidance system.

However, because the phone’s internal mimory of 17MB is small even for a single audio book file, which takes up 80MB on average, a high-volume external memory is a must for the talking book services.

1.          are allowed to buy the talking phone.

A．Disabled people with a certificate

B．All the blind and poor-sighted people

C．The blind and poor-sighted with a certificate

D．Both healthy and disabled citizens

2.The users can enjoy reading books on LF1300 by         .

A．talking to the microphone                 B．touching any key

C．touching its screen                      D．touching the hot key

3.What can be learned from the passage?

A．This is the first time LG company has done something for the disabled.

B．Phone users don’t have to pay much to download the digital books.

C．LF1300 has a less attractive outlook than any other top-line phone.

D．The disadvantage of LF1300 is that it has too small internal memory.

4.The best title of the passage might be         .

A．A New Type of Cell Phone is on the Market

B．Mobile Phones Can Read Books for the Print-Disabled

C．The Disabled will Benefit from Cell Phone Producers

D．Advanced Technology Helps the Blind Read Books