题目列表(包括答案和解析)
| After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report. The damage and death toll (伤亡) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims. Injures and deaths were relatively less in Los Angles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant (有抵抗力的) to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints (蓝图的) for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible (柔韧的) materials, such as steel and wood, which bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact (影响) of ground vibrations (颤动). The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the buildings tip forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes. 1. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ____. A. new computers had been installed in the buildings B. occurred in the residential areas (居民区) rather than on the highways C. large numbers of Los Angeles residents had rushed into Los Angeles for holiday D. improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways 2. The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to ____. A. counterbalance an earthquake’s action on the building B. predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy C. help strengthen the foundation of the building D. measure the impact of an earthquake’s vibrations 3. The smart buildings discussed in the passage ____. A. would cause serious financial problems B. would be worthwhile though costly C. would increase the complexity of architectural design D. can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes 4. It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing (最小化) the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on ____. A. the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction B. the development of flexible building materials C. the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations D. early forecasts of earthquakes 5. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ____. A. compare the results of the earthquakes that occurred in the US B. encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computers C. outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materials D. report new developments in constructing quake-resistant building
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In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea(茫然) and looked embarrassed（尴尬的）. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding (点头) your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty .
In that country, you shake your head to mean 'yes'— a nod means 'no'. At a meal in countries on the Arabic Peninsula, you will find that your glass is repeated refilled（再斟满） as soon as you drink up. If you think that you have had enough, you should take the cup or glasses in your hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.
In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs when you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting. Doing this in Thailand, however, could bring about trouble. Also, you should try to avoid touching the head of an adult ——it's just not done in Thailand.
【小题1】The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _________.
| A．were foreigners | B．didn't have tickets |
| C．made a loud noise | D．didn't line up for the bus |
| A．learn the language of the country |
| B．understand the manners and customs of the country |
| C．have enough time and money |
| D．make friends with the people there |
| A．to use the right hand for passing food at table. |
| B．to pass food with the left hand. |
| C．to eat food with your hands. |
| D．to help yourself at table. |
| A．a common habit | B．an important manner |
| C．a serious trouble | D．a bad manner |
| A．People's Everyday Life | B．Mind Your Manners |
| C．Shaking and Nodding Head | D．Taking a Bus in England |
In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked embarrassed. No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding (点头) your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty.
The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _______ .
A. were foreigners B. didn't have tickets
C. made a loud noise D. didn't line up for the bus
According to the article, if you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country, you should ________.
A. learn the language of the country
B. understand the manners and customs of the country
C. have enough time and money
D. make friends with the people there
In India it is considered impolite ________.
A. to use the right hand for passing food at table.
B. to pass food with the left hand.
C. to eat food with your hands.
D. to help yourself at table.
The best title (题目) for this article is ________.
A. People's Everyday Life
B. Mind Your Manners
C. Shaking and Nodding Head
D. Taking a Bus in England
In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-way mirror or the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun's rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping.
According to a weather expert' s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several metres and severely flooding coastal cities. Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere (北半球), possibly resulting in an alteration of the earth's chief food growing zones.
In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.
Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude , therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have gone beyond those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?
One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and "cold" spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates (使旋转), every 27. 5 days, it presents hotter or "colder" faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth's atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also changeable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.
Scientists are now finding shared relations between models of solar weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia (惯性) of the earth's climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful opposed balance to the sun's fading heat .
It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would_________.
A. mean a warming-up in the Antarctic
B. raise the temperature of the earth' s surface
C. prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface
D. explain the cause of great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphere
The article was written to explain ___________.
A. the greenhouse effect
B. the solar effects on the earth
C. the causes affecting weather
D. the models of solar-weather interactions
Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be falling. This is__________.
A. mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
B. partly due to changes in the output of solar energy
C. possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
D. only due to the effect of the inertia of the earth' s climate
On the basis of their models, scientists believe the opinion that__________.
A. the climate of the world should be becoming cooler
B. the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect
C. the man-made warming effect helps to increase the solar effects
D. it will take thousands of years for the inertia of the earth's climate to take effect
If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice age is correct, ____________.
A. ice would soon cover the northern hemisphere
B. the greenhouse effect could work in favor of the earth
C. the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to burn more fuels
D. the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even more quickly
The telephone rang in the police station at Richmond， California， USA. “Police station？ A train for Santa FE collide(碰撞)with a(n) 31 at the McDonald Street Crossing. Please go there at once， with an ambulance too. A man is badly injured，” said a(n) 32 voice of a young woman.
“Just a minute， we’ll come 33 . Please stay there and wait，” answered the policeman.
Within a minute， a police car and an ambulance 34 . Soon they got to the 35 ， but only to 36 everything was fine. No collision， no 37 man.
“What a dirty trick！” said the policeman 38 . “We must find out that mischievous(恶作剧的) 39 and. . . ”
They had not been able to say anything about a punishment 40 they heard the whistle of a train： the train was nearing them quickly. All 41 a sudden， a truck appeared. It came fast towards them， too. 42 it was passing the crossing， it suddenly refused to move on. Right then and there， before the eyes of all the people present， the train collided with the truck heavily and struck it 43 meters away.
When Randolph Bruce， the driver was 44 out of the damaged truck， he was 45 hurt just 46 the young woman had foretold on the phone. As he was taken to the 47 in time， he was saved at last.
Later the policemen did 48 they could to find the woman who had telephoned them， but 49 .
It is 50 that a prophecy(预言)should coincide(巧合)with the fact so exactly.
31. A. ambulance B. truck C. car D. bus
32. A. anxious B. sweet C. gentle D. low
33. A. fast B. ahead C. soon D. later
34. A. went by B. set off C. got there D. came on
35. A. telephone B. street C. station D. crossing
36. A. feel B. find C. have D. tell
37. A. injured B. trapped C. frightened D. killed
38. A. happily B. excitedly C. angrily D. disappointedly
39. A. man B. policeman C. woman D. boy
40. A. until B. since C. while D. when
41. A. at B. of C. by D. for
42. A. When B. Where C. That D. Which
43. A. dozen B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozens of
44. A. raised B. helped C. pushed D. forced
45. A. slightly B. clearly C. hardly D. badly
46. A. as B. so C. before D. for
47. A. police station B. market C. hospital D. sidewalk
48. A. that B. which C. however D. whatever
49. A. delayed B. worked C. stopped D. failed
50. A. surprised B. surprising C. satisfied D. satisfying
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