First Lady Michelle Obama is a big fan of volunteering. Volunteering means working for free to help someone else. Mrs. Obama says volunteering is very important. “It should be part of everyone’s life, ” she says.

Many teens agree. They say that helping others feels great and makes a difference. These days, more teens volunteer than work for pay. Teens clean up parks, walk dogs at animal shelters , visit the elderly and more.

Some cities ---- including Seatle, Chicago, and Washingtong,D.C. ----require high school students to volunteer. Students must volunteer in order to graduate. The student volunteers learn new skills and help their communities (社区).

Many parents are in favor of the idea ---- they say volunteering helps teens build job skills. But most teens don’t want to be forced to volunteer. They say they are busy. And they say volunteering is only fun if it’s a choice.

Read both sides of the debate (辩论) and decide.

YES

● Volunteering can help teens get into college or get a job.

● Many cities and towns need help. Volunteers can help keep important programs going.

● Not all teens will volunteer if it isn’t required. Schools should repuire students to do all they can to get ready for adult life.

NO

● Most teens are already very busy with classes, homework, jobs and sports. Forcing them to do more isn’t fair.

● It should be up to each person. Helping out doesn’t feel as good if you have to do it.

● Finding a volunteer job isn’t always easy. Students shouldn’t be kept from graduating because of something they can’t control.

1.The writer mentions Michelle Obama in order to        ,

A．introduce the topic of the text

B．explain what volunteering is

C．tell what she does for the US

D．show she enjoys volunteering

2.According to the text, in Chicago,          .

A．finding a volunteer job is quite easy

B．more people would rather work for pay

C．volunteering is a must for high school students

D．college students have to volunteer before graduation

3.The underlined part “are in favor of “ in the text means”        .

A．drop             B．develop           C．catch             D．like

4.Which question does the text mainly discuss?

A．Is volunteering good for students?

B．What is the best time to volunteer?

C．Should students be required to volunteer?

D．Which volunteer jobs should students do?

 

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity? There are facts to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery that must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.

Another very important consideration is how each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker’s contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.

To what degree does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. Maybe they want more money only because the work they do is boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

Which of the following is the best way to make workers work harder according to the author?

A．Increasing their pay.

B．Giving them more spare time.

C．Making the work itself meaningful.

D．Replacing large production lines with small ones.

The reason why a worker cannot have freedom in doing the job in his own way is that ___  .

A．the machine is so badly needed that more of it should be bought

B．there are e production lines in factories

C．the bosses can create very little freedom of choices

D．the machines must be operated strictly according to instructions and rules

Besides money, what may make workers work more actively?

A. extra free hours     B. More comfort of life

C. interesting jobs      D. better working conditions

The best title for this passage may be _______.

A．Problems of Modern Workers            B．Making Jobs More Interesting

C．Pushing Workers to Produce More        D．How to Improve Labor Productivity

 

In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（记事本）and a hole for a pencil.

I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.

“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year.” I say to her, walking bank into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can’t you afford a pen?”

My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”

Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”

This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.

1．Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?

A．To leave messages.                      B．To list her everyday tasks.

C．To note down maths problems.             D．To write down a flash of inspiration.

2. What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand?

A. It has great value for the family.

B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.

C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.

D .It should be passed on to the next generation.

3. The author feels embarrassed for_______.

A. blaming her mother wrongly.

B. giving her mother a lot of trouble.

C. not making good use of time as her mother did.

D. not making any breakthrough in her field.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A .The mother is successful in her career.

B. The family members like traveling.

C. The author had little time to play when young.

D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.

5. In the author’s mind ,her mother is_________.

A. strange in behavior.             B. keen on her research.

C. fond of collecting old things.      D. careless about her appearance.

 

请从以下选项（A、B、C、 D、E 和 F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Leadership

B. Conflict Solving

C. Open Communication

D. Respect to All Team Members

E. Measuring Progress against Goals

F. Common Goals with Challenging Target

Team Building Means More than Throwing a Few People Together

     “Teamworking” is found everywhere within just about every organization .you can’t get away   from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its  parts. Or so the theory goes.

      There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most  out of a team:

 1­­­_________

      There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realized the value and significance of what they are going to do. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive. What is more ,they should also be well prepared for the possible difficulties they may come across in the process.

2._________

      Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized  and  they must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously . This is an important point because the team may need to resolve some complex or thorny issues. For example ,it may discuss a sensitive topic .Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees. This is an issue in itself that all the members should agree on frank discussion is required.

3._____________ D. Respect to All Team Members

It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. This is not only demoralizing or discouraging, it also makes no sense ---people that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions.

4.____________

Disagreements are natural and, in fact debate and discussion should be encouraged. A team made up only of "yes men" can make disastrous decisions that few people honestly agreed with in the first place. Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a discussion that involves only two people, so "under-the-table" method may be effective.

5.___________ A. Leadership

   Most high-performing teams are well organized. A good organizer should be able to play to individuals' strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. It should be someone who can act  as a promoter and a constant reminder of what the team needs to achieve. He must ,above all, be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting tasks to others coaching them to achieve tasks, and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went.

   Team building isn't as simple as just throwing a few people together. It requires, much more, but motivating people is most essential. Successful team working is not marked by how much progress the team makes toward its goals, but by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride.

1.  What did the writer think after the kite-flying?

A. The boys must have had more fun than the girls.

B. They should have finished their work before playing

C. Her parents should spend more time with them

D. All the others must have forgotten that day

2.  Why did the writer finally agree to take her little girl for an outing?

A. She suddenly remembered her duty as a mother.

B. She was reminded of the day they flew kites.

C .She had finished her work in the kitchen

D. She thought it was a great day to play outside

3.The youngest Patrick Boy is mentioned to show that _____

    A. the writer was not alone in treasuring her fond memories.

    B. his experience in POW camp threw a shadow over his life

    C. childhood friendship means so much to the writer

    D .people like him really changed a lot after the war

 

 

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

    根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

   1  

    The  most important 1essons I learned at college weren’t the ones my professors taught me．Instead，1 learned unpleasant truths about things like money，socializing，and self—sufficiency(自给自足)——usually the hard way．If I could go back and give advice to my

freshman self，this is what I’d say．

    *Take the opportunity for a semester abroad．

    If your college has a program to study for a semester or a year in another county, take

advantage of it．Yes，it will probably cost a little more，but you may never again have a chance to travel abroad for an extended period． 2  There’S no better way to do that than to become completely involved in a new culture．

    *  3 

    This isn't high school anymore，So there’s no need tO join every club under the sun to try to impress somebody．Figure out what you’re interested in and then pursue it．Colleges have radio stations，political advocacy organizations，writers’groups，and so much more．They’re a great way to meet people with similar interests，as well as to broaden your horizons． 4 

    *Get a job，especially during the summer vacation．

    5  It doesn’t work that way．Particularly in this economic climate，getting a job is 1ess about what yod know，and more about who you know．The best way to meet the people who may one day hire you is to get a job while in school，maybe in summers．You can get in the door at a company you may truly want to work for after graduation，get some valuable work experience，and even get the course credit．  It’s a winning situation all around．

  A．Apply for scholarships and grants(津贴)．

  B．What 1 wish I’d known about college．

  C．Get involved with student organizations．

  D．If your college lacks the group you’d like to join，go ahead and start it yourself．

  E．Some college graduates expect to have their choice of job offers immediately after they graduate．   

  F．If you’re interested in your major，you won’t have much trouble earning good grades in those courses．

  G．College should be more than learning about facts and figures——it should be a chance to educate yourself about the world you live in．