The history of the Games Olympia

    Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities(设备) were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty.

    Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it. The ancient stadium in Olympia could hold more than 40,000 audience, while in the surrounding area there were auxiliary(辅助的) buildings which developed gradually up until the 4th century B.C. and were used as training sites for the athletes or to house the judges of the Games.

The Games and religion

The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not a total part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and development of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.

Victory ceremonies

The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner's name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the audience cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.

The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father's name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath, or kotinos, on the winner's head.

72．When did Olympia become the site of the Olympic Games?

       A．In the 10th century B.C.

       B．Before the 4th century B.C.

       C．After the 4th century B.C.

       D．It was not mentioned here.

73．Which one is TRUE according to the passage?         

       A．Zeus is the founder of the Olympic Games.        

       B．The ancient stadium in Olympic were used as training sites for the athletes in the 10th    century.    

       C．The Olympic Games have much to do with the religion.   

       D．The Olympic victor would receive a golden medal.

74．Can you guess the meaning of this word “herald” in the passage?   

       A．the author       B．the headmaster        C．the announcer         D．the manager

75．When the athletes won the game, ______.   

       A．They were awarded immediately after the competition.   

       B．They were awarded twice. The first, immediately after the competition; the second, on the last day of the game.   

       C．They were awarded on the last day of the game.   

       D．They were awarded on the last day of the game or immediately after the competition.

The history of the Games Olympia

    Olympia, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, is in the western part of the Peloponnese which, according to Greek mythology, is the island of "Pelops", the founder of the Olympic Games. Imposing temples, votive buildings, elaborate shrines and ancient sporting facilities(设备) were combined in a site of unique natural and mystical beauty.

    Olympia functioned as a meeting place for worship and other religious and political practices as early as the 10th century B.C. The central part of Olympia was dominated by the majestic temple of Zeus, with the temple of Hera parallel to it. The ancient stadium in Olympia could hold more than 40,000 audience, while in the surrounding area there were auxiliary(辅助的) buildings which developed gradually up until the 4th century B.C. and were used as training sites for the athletes or to house the judges of the Games.

The Games and religion

    The Olympic Games were closely linked to the religious festivals of the cult of Zeus, but were not a total part of a rite. Indeed, they had a secular character and aimed to show the physical qualities and development of the performances accomplished by young people, as well as encouraging good relations between the cities of Greece. According to specialists, the Olympic Games owed their purity and importance to religion.

Victory ceremonies

    The Olympic victor received his first awards immediately after the competition. Following the announcement of the winner's name by the herald, a Hellanodikis (Greek judge) would place a palm branch in his hands, while the audience cheered and threw flowers to him. Red ribbons were tied on his head and hands as a mark of victory.

The official award ceremony would take place on the last day of the Games, at the elevated vestibule of the temple of Zeus. In a loud voice, the herald would announce the name of the Olympic winner, his father's name, and his homeland. Then, the Hellanodikis placed the sacred olive tree wreath（花环）, or kotinos, on the winner's head.

When did Olympia become the site of the Olympic Games?

   A. In the 10th century B.C.

   B. Before the 4th century B.C.

   C. After the 4th century B.C.

   D. It was not mentioned here.

Which one is TRUE according to the passage?

   A. Zeus is the founder of the Olympic Games.

   B. The ancient stadium in Olympic were used as training sites for the athletes in the 10th century.

   C. The Olympic Games have much to do with the religion.

   D. The Olympic victor would receive a golden medal.

Can you guess the meaning of this word “herald” in the passage?

   A. the author   B. the headmaster   C. the announcer   D. the manager

When the athletes won the game, ______.

   A. They were awarded immediately after the competition.

   B. They were awarded twice. The first, immediately after the competition; the second, on the last day of the game.

   C. They were awarded on the last day of the game.

   D. They were awarded on the last day of the game or immediately after the competition.

E
UNICEF is appealing for more than one billion dollars in aid for women and children around the world．The United Nations Children's Fund has released its " Humanitarian Action Report" for two thousand ten． The report lists twenty -eight countries and territories with some of the world's most pressing crisis affecting women and children．
Haiti was considered to be in crisis long before the earthquake in January．The deputy executive director of UNICEF, Hilde Johnson, says the quake has only made the need for aid more immediate．But she says children all over the world have the right to the same assistance as children everywhere else．
The "Humanitarian Action Report" discusses several issues that UNICEF says increasingly threaten the basic rights of women and children．It says climate change has caused droughts and' food insecurity in many areas．High food prices and the global financial crisis of two thousand eight - two thousand nine have only added to poverty and malnutrition （营养不良）．And armed conflict continues to threaten the lives of millions．
Hilde Johnson says children are always the most affected by conflicts and disasters．They face an increased risk of abuse, including sexual violence and other serious rights violations （侵犯）．
UNICEF deals with about two hundred emergencies around the world every year．The greatest need last year was in sub - Saharan Africa．The report says drought, food insecurity and civil unrest affected about twenty - four million people．
Violence and displacements（驱逐）of people were especially bad in Sudan, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic．
In Asia, UNICEF expects its financial assistance needs to more than double this year．This is partly the result of adding Pakistan and the Philippines to the latest report．In Pakistan, it says, more than two million people have been forced from their homes by the conflict in the．Swat Valley and other areas of the northwest．And in the Philippines, more than two hundred thousand people are still living in shelters after severe storms last year．
This years UNICEF report talks about the value of public and private partnerships in helping children and families in emergencies．
And thats the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms．For a link to the UNICEF report listing the twenty - eight countries and territories in crisis, go to unsv.com．I'm Steve Ember．
72．According to Hilde Johnson,  the most easily affected persons suffering from conflicts and disasters are __________．
A．women     B．children    C．the old      D．the disabled
73．From this passage we know that the most serious problems in Asia are __________．
A．earthquakes and malnutrition
B．displacements and storms
C．sexual violence and other rights violations
D．droughts and food insecurity
74．By saying "……the quake  has only made the need for aid more immediate．"  Hilde Johnson probably intends to convey the idea that "__________"．
A．everything must have a beginning
B．grass never grows when the wind blows
C．cloudy mornings turn to clear evening
D．it never rains but pours
75．Which of the following might serve as a suitable title for this passage?
A．Haiti was in crisis due to the earthquake in January,
B．Violence in the twenty -eight countries and territories
C．UNICEF Appeals for Aid for Women and Children
D．the value of public and private partnerships in helping

二、完形填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
The famous scientist Albert Einstein died in 1955.His___36__ now is in the central state of Kansas of the U.S. It belongs to a retired (退休的) ___37__ doctor, Thomas Harvey. ___38__ did this happen? And why?
In the 1950s,Albert Einstein and Thomas　Harvey __39__ each other when they both lived in Princeton, New Jersey. Einstein was working at Princeton University____40__ Doctor Harvey was working at Princeton Hospital. When Einstein died, Doctor Harvey was __41__ to examine his body. It was then that he started to study __42__ has become a long time examination of Einstein's brain. His goal was to __43__ some physical evidence(证据)of the scientist's genius(才华)。
Doctor Harvey, ___44__, did not tell Einstein's family that he __45__ the great man's brain. It was only later ___46__ the family learned of Doctor Harvey's work. They did not ___47__ the idea at first. After Doctor Harvey explained his idea to them, they agreed to __48__ him to study the brain Doctor Harvey then asked __49__ scientists to help. They cut the brain __50__ three pieces. They marked each piece before placing it in containers __51__ chemical formaldehyde(甲醛)to protect it. Doctor Harvey has been ___52_ Einstein's brain since then. He has carried it with him as he moved from place to place. He has also lent parts of the brain to other scientists ___53__ study.
Only one researcher has found something ___54__. A doctor at the University of California found that the left part of Einstein's brain has more certain cells(细胞)than __55__. Such cells are known to feed brain. She this may mean that the cells could affect intelligence.
36．A. body             B. heart                 C. brain                 D. head
37．A. actual           B. chemical           C. natural                     D. medical
38．A. What            B. How                 C. Who                 D. Which
39．A. realized             B. recognized         C. learned              D. knew
40．A. as                     B. because             C. while                D. since
41．A. called on       B. called at            C. sent up                 D. sent off
42．A. which               B. how                  C. that                   D. what
43．Ａ. Invent              B. discover            C. prove                D. examine
44．Ａperhaps              B. therefore           C. thus                 D. however
45．A. bought                 B. sold                  C. kept                  D. made
46．A. that                  B. when                C. before               D. after
47．A. hear of                 B. like                   C. suggest              D. offer
48．A promise              B. let                    C. have                 D. permit
49．A. other two          B. two other          C. more two          D. two another
50．A. off                   B. by                    C. into                  D. about
51．A. for                   B. about                C. of                        D. with
52．A. learning            B. studying            C. searching           D. selling
53．A. for                   B. on                    C. into                  D. about
54．A. easy                  B. difficult            C. particular          D. common
55．A. ever                  B. enough              C. usual                 D. Normal

Children at a school in Italy have today begun an experiment to replace all their books with personal computers. The pupils involved will each be given a special laptop that contains their entire courses.

Until today, the Don Milani di Rivoli elementary school in central Turin was like any other. Children turned up, got out their books and pens and began the process of learning. But now, in what's being described as a unique experiment, 60 fifth-grade pupils and a number of third-graders, will start using computers only.

The mini-laptops, which run Windows software, all have a full curriculum programmed into them. The pupils will use the computers to do all their reading and writing. Security systems within the laptops mean the children's access to the Internet is strictly controlled. The machines weigh less than a kilogram, can be dropped from a height of 1.5 metres and are waterproof.

Instead of spending 700 dollars a year on books, the laptops, built by the Italian company Olidata, cost less than 400 dollars. One of the teachers involved in the scheme says that, for the first time, schools will be able to verify in a scientific way how a computer alone can improve the learning process. The experiment, which has the backing of parents, is due to last a year.

In other countries, such a programme is also being carried out. Venezuela is ordering one million low cost laptops for its school children. The machines will be based on the Intel Classmate laptop that has been designed for school children. Many see the deal as a blow for the One Laptop Per Child organization that has also been introducing its child- friendly machine to developing nations.

Which of the following is TRUE about the mini-laptop?

A. It is heavy for pupils to carry.         B. It can't be damaged by water.

C. It is one and a half meters high.              D. It is easily broken or damaged.

The pupils use the laptop to ____ in class.

A. learn their lessons as an aid

B. have a course named computer studies

C. surf the Internet mainly to find information

D. do what they used to do with books and pens

How much money can a pupil save by using the mini-laptop to replace all the books in a year?

A. Less than 400 dollars.                            B. More than 400 dollars.

C. More than 300 dollars.                   D. Less than 300 dollars.

Which of the following about the experiment is TRUE?

A. It has been carried out for over one year.

B. It has already turned out to be a success.

C. The pupils' parents are against it in fact.

D. The pupils' parents are supportive to it.