We have heard of counterfeiting before. Usually it refers to people making money by printing it instead of earning it. But counterfeiting also can involve all sorts of consumer goods and manufactured (制造) products. From well-known brand names such as Calvin Klein jeans to auto parts, counterfeiters have found ways to produce goods that look authentic. In some instances, counterfeit products look better than the original!

       The demand of brand-name products has helped counterfeiting grow into a very profitable business throughout the world and into a serious problem for legal manufacturers and consumers alike. Faulty counterfeit parts have caused more than two dozen crashes. Most counterfeit auto parts do not meet federal (联邦的) safety standards.

       Counterfeiting hurts manufacturers in many ways. Analysts estimate that, in the United States alone, annual revenue (收入) loss runs form $ 6 billion to $ 8 billion. Perhaps even worse, consumers blame the innocent manufacturers when they unknowingly buy a counterfeit product and find it doesn’t perform as expected. Sometimes entire economies can suffer. For instance, when farmers in Kenya and Zaire used counterfeit fertilizers, both countries lost most crops.

       By copying other firm’s products, counterfeiters avoid research and development costs and most marketing costs. High-tech products such as computers and their software products are especially easy to attack. As long as counterfeiting is profitable, large quantities of products are available to copy, and the laws are difficult to enforce, counterfeiters can be expected to prosper for a long time.

1．The word “counterfeiting” most probably means ______.

A．making things of poor quality for profit 

B．making things of good quality for profit

C．illegal making of things by copying       

D．legal making of things by copying

2．The most appropriate title for the passage would be ______.

A．The Effects of Counterfeiting               B．The Problem of Counterfeiting

C．The Cause of Counterfeiting              D．The Profit of Counterfeiting

3．It can be inferred from the passage that hand-made products are “______.”

A．easier to counterfeit than high-tech products

       B．more difficult to counterfeit than high-tech products

C．less profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products

D．more profitable to counterfeit than high-tech products  

4．The quality of most counterfeit auto products is ______.

A．not up to the standards of America         

B．up to the standards of America

C．so poor that few people want to buy the products

D．so good that most people prefer them to the authentic ones