Zheng He made seven heroic voyages to Asia and Africa between 1405 and 1433, which predated the Westerners’ Voyages of Discovery by almost a century .

Despite Zheng He’s remarkable maritime feats , with larger and matchless fleets until World War I , he is relatively unknown worldwide compared with his Western counterparts like Columbus and Vasco da Gama . Why ?

Sadly , much of the official Chinese records of these voyages were destroyed after his death , by order of his powerful enemies at Court . They were opposed to his expeditions , both on economic and other grounds .

Further , the Ming History made only little mention of his exploits . Most surprisingly , not even his date of death and burial place were recorded . Therefore , his final resting place is still a matter of conjecture .So he became only a legend and folk hero in his life time .

However , hardly any Chinese works on him have been translated into foreign languages . Ironically , it was due to a handful of famous Western researchers like Needham, Zlevathes and , most recently , Menzies that the world is now more familiar with his greatness .

Zhen He’s rightful place in Chinese history has been confirmed by none other than Deng Xiaoping in 1984 , when he addressed the nation’s People’s Congress in Beijing : “…The Ming dynasty , under Yongle Emperor , did wisely pursue an open-door policy resulting in Zheng He’s famous maritime expeditions overseas . However , after Yongle’s death, China deserted this policy resulting in foreign intervention and China’s final humiliation during the 19th century . The open-door policy is therefore the way forward for China.”

Following a more realistic overall appraise by scholars East and West of Zheng He’s achievements , his standing as one of the greatest maritime explorers of all time has at last been firmly recognized worldwide .

56．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage ?

      A．No one knew Zheng He’s maritime achievements in history until World War I .

       B．The Westerners’ Voyages of Discovery fell behind China until 1433 .

       C．No other fleets in the world could be compared with those of China in size for almost over 500 years in history .

       D．Columbus was born in a western country, so he was more famous than Zheng He in the world .

57．From the passage , we can suppose        .

       A．Zheng He had been to Africa for seven times from 1405 to 1433 .

       B．Columbus and Vasco da Gama were relatively unknown in China compared with Zheng He .

       C．the Ming government didn’t know about Zheng He, so they made only little mention of Zheng He’s exploits .

       D．some government officials in the Ming dynasty were strongly against Zheng He’s voyages to Asia and Africa .

58．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “conjecture”?

       A．mistake              B．guess                 C．coincidence        D．imagination

59．Zheng He’s success in his maritime expeditions overseas mainly resulted from        .

      A．his braveness and perseverance                        B．Yongle Emperor’s open-door policy

       C．his strong curiosity to know about Africa         D．the support from his friends and family

Zheng He made seven heroic voyages to Asia and Africa between 1405 and 1433, which predated the Westerners' Voyages of Discovery by almost a century.

    Despite Zheng He's remarkable maritime feats, with larger and matchless fleets until World War I, he is relatively unknown worldwide compared with his Western counterparts like Columbus and Vasco da Gama. Why?

    Sadly, much of the official Chinese records of these voyages were destroyed after his death, by order of his powerful enemies at Court. They were opposed to his expeditions, both on economic and other grounds.

    Further, the Ming History made only little mention of his exploits. Most surprisingly, not even his date of death and burial place were recorded. Therefore, his final resting place is still a matter of conjecture. So he became only a legend and folk hero in his life time.

    However, hardly any Chinese works on him have been translated into foreign languages. Ironically, it was due to a handful of famous Western researchers like Needham, ZLevathes and, most recently, Menzies that the world is now more familiar with his greatness.

    Zheng He's rightful place in Chinese history has been confirmed by none other than Deng Xiaoping in 1984, when he addressed the nation's People's Congress in Beijing: "... The Ming dynasty, under Yongle Emperor, did wisely pursue an open-door policy resulting in Zheng He's famous maritime expeditions overseas. However, after Yongle's death, China deserted this policy resulting in foreign intervention and China's final humiliation during the 19^th century. The open-door policy is therefore the way forward for China."

    Following a more realistic overall appraise by scholars East and West of Zheng He's achievements, his standing as one of the greatest maritime explorers of all time has at last been firmly recognized worldwide.

1. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

    A. No one knew Zheng He's maritime achievements in history until World War I.

    B. The Westerners' Voyages of Discovery fell behind China until 1433.

    C. No other fleets in the world could be compared with those of China in size for almost over 500 years in history.

    D. Columbus was born in a western country, so he was more famous than Zheng He in the world.

2. From the passage, we can suppose __________.

   A. Zheng He had been to Africa for seven times from 1405 to 1433.

   B. Columbus and Vasco da Gama were relatively unknown in China compared with Zheng

He.

   C. the Ming government didn't know about Zheng He, so they made only little mention of

Zheng H's exploits.

   D. some government officials in the Ming dynasty were strongly against Zheng He's voyages

to Asia and Africa.

3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word "conjecture"?

    A. mistake        B. guess           C. coincidence                D. imagination

4. Zheng He's success in his maritime expeditions overseas mainly resulted from______.

    A. his braveness and perseverance                      B. Yongle Emperor's open-door policy

    C. his strong curiosity to know about Africa     D. the support from his friends and family

Jonathan James looks like just another kid about to graduate from high school. But this 19-year-old Swede is anything but ordinary, from the computer in his parents’ home he helps the US Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI) find out the world’s most wanted cyber criminals(网络犯罪分子).

Jonathan first made headlines when he and another Swede, Fredrik Bjoerck, found out the maker of the “Melissa” virus(病毒) in March 1999. He came to the aid of the FBI again on May 7, finding out the suspected(嫌疑的) sender of the dangerous “I LOVE YOU” virus. The suspect was caught in Manila on May 8.

Jonathan’s special skills are in hot demand as officials around the world express alarm at the “virtual” crimewave. In between studying for final exams, hanging out with friends and refereeing his younger brother’s football matches, the quiet, gentle teenager also gives lessons on e-security(电子安全) to large companies. He reads a lot and exchanges information with other computer experts to know much about the latest tricks of the hacker (黑客) trade.

Many companies have already tried to employ him, but he is not interested at the moment. Instead, he plans to begin law school in the autumn at Sweden’s Uppsala University and start up his own e-security company.

Although he works with the FBI now, his family insists he’s just “a regular kid”. “Jonathan is a great kid, he has his friends and he does a lot more than just play with the computer,” his little sister Tessa said, adding that he helps the FBI because “he likes to help”, not because he’s looking for fame and recognition.

When the world was hit by the “Love Bug” virus, Jonathan was too busy preparing a speech on e-security to look into the problem. “Finally on May 7, I had some free time, so I began looking.” Within a few hours, he had found the suspect and e-mailed his method and results to the FBI. He said his work on the “Melissa” virus, which took three weeks to solve, was a big help in finding the suspect so quickly.

“This time I knew exactly where to start, I knew what to disregard and what to look at.”

1. The passage mainly wants to tell us that______.

A. Swedish kid helps FBI find out the most wanted cyber criminals

B. Jonathan is really a quiet, gentle and ordinary boy

C. many companies want the young computer expert to join in

D. any cyber criminals will surely be found out wherever they are

2. The public started to know something about Jonathan just from____.

A. his helping the US FBI to find out the sender of the dangerous “I LOVE YOU” virus

B. his work together with Fredrik Bjoerck to find out the maker of the “Melissa” virus

C. his little sister’s talk about his good qualities as a regular kid and a good programmer

D. his speech on e-security to many computer companies after his fight against hackers

3. From Jonathan’s success in finding out the sender of the dangerous ‘Love Bug” virus we can infer that ___.

A. where there’s a will, there’s a way   B. experience is knowledge

C. hard work leads to success               D. failure is the mother of success

4. What do we know about Jonathan?

A. He is a good fame hunter with various abilities.

B. He is such a brave fighter that any criminal will feel afraid.

C. He is an expert on security, not interested in running a company.

D. He is a regular kid but does something unusual.

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