Each child has his individual（个人的）pattern of social, as well as physical, development. Some of it depends on his home life and his relationships with the people who love him. Children in large families learn how to get along with others through normal brother- sister play and tussles （打斗）. An only child, on the other hand , may have to learn his lessons in social living through hard experiences on the playground or in the classroom. Twins who always have one another to lean on may be slow in responding to others because they do not need anyone else.
　　A child who is constantly scolded and made to feel he does everything wrong may have a difficult time developing socially. He may be so afraid of displeasing the adults around him that he keeps to himself （where he can’t get into trouble）or he may take the opposite route and go out of his way to create trouble. Like the deserted child, he too may return to infantile （幼稚的）pleasures, developing habits that will satisfy him, but create barriers（障碍）toward social contact.
【小题1】Which of the following may have effect on children’s paten of social development?

A．Age.

B．Education

C．Home life.

D．Gender（性别）

【小题2】The passage implies that which of the following may have the earliest time learning to get along with others?

A．An only child

B．A child from a large family

C．Twins

D．Children who are continually scolded

【小题3】Which of the following is implied by the passage?

A．Too much scolding of children may make their social development difficult.

B．All children developed in the same ways.

C．Children who are constantly scolded may learn to get along with others quickly.

D．Deserted children often exhibit quicker social development.

【小题4】We can inferred from the passage that ________.

A．continual scolding is not harmful to the child.

B．continual scolding holds back healthy social development.

C．continual scolding has no effect on obeying orders.

D．continual scolding has no effect on physical development

【小题5】Where does the passage say the only child learns his social lessons?

A．School and home	B．Home and playground
C．Classroom and playground	D．All of the above

In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Bad events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some helpful life changing events like marriage.

When you take the Holmes Rahe you must remember that the score does not show how you deal with stress -- it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you deal with these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran titles like “Stress causes illness.”

If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many -- like the death of loved one--are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription for staying away from chances as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The idea that all stress makes you sick also takes no notice of a lot of what we know about people. It supposes we're all vulnerable and not active in the face of the difficult situation. But what about human ability and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental strength than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom and physical and mental pressure.

1..

The score of the Holmes Rahe test shows ____ .

A. how you can deal with life changing events  

B. how helpful events can change your life

C. how stressful a major event can be          

 D. how much pressure you are under

2..

. Which of the following expressions has the meaning most close to the underlined phrase “got boiled down to” in paragraph two ?

    A. was argued about      B. made clear 

 C. was concentrated on    D. put an end to

3..

. The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to ____ .

    A. popular avoidance of stressful jobs             

B. great fear over the mental disorder

    C. a careful research into stress related illnesses

    D. widespread worry about its harmful effects

4..

Why is “such simplistic advice ”(Line 2, Para.3) impossible to follow?

    A. No one can stay on the same job for long.

    B. More effective ways have been found to get rid of stressful events.

    C. People have to get married some day.

    D. You could be missing chances as well.

5..

. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ____.

    A. nervous when faced with difficulties      

B. physically and mentally tired

    C. more able to deal with difficulties         

D. cold toward what happens to them

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 

71     

Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.  

●  Location （位置） 

72  Kitchen and dining room are not so well suite for regular study. since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.  

●  Keeping Things in Order 

Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect  73   The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.  

●    74   

Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 75  Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family 

A. Attitude Is Everything.  

B. Bring Organization into Your Home.  

C. Here are several ways to choose a location.  

D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment.  

E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.  

F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.  

G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life. 

As a child grows out of being an infant and begins to notice and react to the world around him, you may find yourself wondering how you possibly impart all of the things that he needs to become a responsible, respectful adult.   1.      A child who learns to respect all he meets not only receives respect from others, but also learns to respect himself as well.

Show your child respect. This is perhaps the best way to teach your child how to

respect others. Listen to your child by giving him your full attention and he will learn to listen to you, understanding how important this is in communication.

     2.    The more you say “please” and “thank you” to your child, the more likely

he will learn to use them with you and others. Politeness then becomes a normal part of any conversation.

Agree to disagree.     3.   Explain your decision so that he will understand your

reasoning and expect respectful responses. Disagreeing with you doesn’t equate to disobedience.

Control your impulse to overact. When a situation arises between you and your

child that requires calmness, keep in mind that you are supposed to be modelling correct behaviour.   4.     

Praise, praise, praise! So much is focused on what a child does wrong and how to

correct it that the accomplishments are not celebrated enough.     5.   

A. Teach manners by using polite requests and responses.

B. Try to remember that a child won’t always agree with you.

C. Respect is necessary for a meaningful and successful life.

D. If he sees you lose temper, he is more likely to respond that way in future.

E. A child may act like he pleases, but will respect being given limits.

F. When you see your child exhibit respectful behaviour, make sure he knows just how proud you are of him.

G. Setting a good example is the best way to start a child on the path to respect.

 

How to protect children Web fans from unsuitable material on-line while encouraging them to use the Internet has long been discussed in the U.S.

For some parents, the Internet can seem like a jungle, filled with danger for their children. But jungles contain wonders as well as dangers and with good guides, some education, and a few precautions(预防措施), the wilds of the Internet can be safely navigated(航行). “Kids have to be on-line. If we tell our kids they can’t have access(机会) to the Internet, we’re cutting them off from their future,” said an expert.

Most kids have started to use search engines. Many of them are great for finding tons of interesting Internet sites, and they can also locate places where you might not want your kids to go. There are search engines designed just for kids. A certain software contains only sites that have been selected as safe. The most popular way to limit access would be to use what is known as a “content screener(过滤器)”. But this can’t be wholly reliable(可靠), and the best thing parents can do is to talk to their kids and let them know what is OK or not OK to see or do on the Internet. Another way is that mum or dad is nearby when the child is surfing(浏览) the Internet.

A few other tips

●Don’t put the PC in a child’s room but keep it in an area where mum or dad can keep an eye on things. That also makes the Internet more of a family activity.

●Ask your child what he or she has been doing and about any friends they make on-line.

●Tell your child not to give on-line strangers personal information, especially like address and phone number.

●And tell your children never to talk to anyone they meet on-line over the phone, send them anything, accept anything from them or agree to meet with them unless you go along.

1. The passage is mainly about the subject of _______.

A. American children going on-line             B. Internet in America

C. appreciating Internet                              D. opposing children’s on-line

2. The best way to protect children from improper material is _______.

A. to install(安装) a content screener on the computer

B. to buy some search engines for the children

C. to be nearby when they are surfing the Internet

D. to talk to the children and persuade them to tell right from wrong

3. Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A. Surfing the Internet is the best method of educating children.

B. Children’s not having access to Internet may have effect on their progress.

C. Using a content screener is most reliable for keeping children having access to Internet.

D. Searching engines can help children to select materials fit for them.

4. According to the passage, we can infer that _______.

A. soft wares fit for children want programming

B. a child who is on-line is in danger

C. Internet is a jungle full of danger

D. Internet contains a lot of harmful sites