Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another  is  the  rise  of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was  indirect  and  cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.

　 The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.

　 Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.

　　However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.

For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research outside reading and all-day trips.

　　Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions  on  which  children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.

1.. The passage mainly tells us _____.

     A. attitudes affect our actions

     B. teachers play an important role in developing children’s attitudes

     C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

     D. teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes

2.. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.

     A. show that attitudes come from experiences        B. compare with each other

     C. show all experiences are direct and impressive     D. tell experiences from attitudes

3..When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.

     A. change their feelings by scolding them         B. think highly of their good attitudes

     C. help them by giving them good experiences     D. take no notice of their feelings

4..The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.

     A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones

     B. what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home

     C. teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children

     D. teachers should always cover up their own attitudes

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another  is  the  rise  of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was  indirect  and  cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
　 The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.
　 Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
　　However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.
For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research outside reading and all-day trips.
　　Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions  on  which  children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.
【小题1】. The passage mainly tells us _____.

A．attitudes affect our actions

B．teachers play an important role in developing children’s attitudes

C．attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

D．teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes

It was a cold, wet day when 14­year­old Wasana Sanjeewa reached St. Anthony's College. Waiting __31__ his classroom for his classmates to arrive, Wasana looked at the __32__. Then he noticed enormous amounts of rainwater flowing down the hill behind the classroom. For a few minutes, Wasana _33__ the water, wondering why it looked so __34__．
Then it hit him — the scene was similar to the slides he was shown during Disaster Management classes.
__35__ an approaching disaster, Wasana swung into action. “Run, run, don't stay here! The rocks on the hill are going to fall on us！” he __36__ and all the students ran to the open area.Then Wasana ran over to __37__ Principal Nihal Gurauinghe what was happening.
After __38__ the hill, Gurauinghe knew the school was in trouble. He and some teachers __39__ to stop the waterflow, but they were too __40__： huge rocks fell down the hill with sand and mud, and the entire school was destroyed.
When Wasana __41__ home later that day, his white uniform covered in mud, he got the __42___ from his mother. He tried to explain that he had __43__ two hundred schoolmates __44__ she didn't believe him.
His mother __45__ realized he was telling the truth when she saw a TV report about the __46__. Filled with pride, she hugged Wasana and said that he was indeed a __47__．
No one was hurt in the incident because of Wasana's __48__ action and careful observation.
“Wasana's action __49__ us that sometimes we cannot wait until something happens before we take action. It __50___ be too late by then，” Gurauinghe said.

Section B  

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.   Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. environment        B. necessarily  C. allowed        D. cheated       E. hardly

F. admitted       G. communication   H. necessary    I. joy          J. difficulty

    A relative of mine once asked me: “Why should a Chinese take time to learn a language that is not his own?” Obviously he has ___37___ in learning a foreign language. He is not the only one who is mentally against English learning. One reason, as I suspect, is the way English is taught. The emphasis on memorization is such that no ___38___ is left in the process, only endless irritation. What students are presented in the classroom is not the language in real-world ___39___. A Chinese student with extremely high scores for American standardized tests was ___40___ into one of the most famous universities. But his professors soon found out that he could ___41___ understand them in the classroom. Suspecting that he ___42___ in the tests, the school demanded he repeat them. Again, he passed with high scores. Not till then did they realize that the student had mastered the techniques for dealing with the tests, not ___43___ the skills of using the language.

　　Many people take TOFEL, IELTS, GRE, annual Band 4 and Band 6 exams not because they work in areas where English is a ___44___ tool, but because they have to do it for job promotion or enrolment in certain programmes.

　　Must English learning be such a pain in the neck?

　　Create a(n)___45____ where learning English is natural and painless. Don't make it compulsory for people whose work or major does not require it. China will not become more international by adding millions of people who can only say a simple "Hello."

It was my first day of high school, and I was late. My next class, German, scared me. I just could not speak that  21  . As the bell rang, I ran to the classroom.

At the door, a hand reached out and   22  mine firmly. I looked up. A man with large glasses smiled. He  23  himself as Tony, which means teacher in German.  24 , his warm smile and   25  words eased my fears. That year, I   26  his classes a great deal because I learned   27  just German.

I admit I only speak a little German.   28  I try to live out the life lessons I learned from Tony.

Every day Tony stood   29  his classroom before and after class to give his “hand hug”. After school his room was always filled with students and he would  30  to and chat with them—_31   those not in his class. He taught me that every person is  32  your time.

One time, I was rejected by my friends. Tony told me, “Linda, life gives you  33. But learning its lessons will turn those ashes to jewels.” Therefore, I learned to look at my troubles   _34   and not to fear any difficulty.

In my senior year, I  35  president of one of the school’s clubs, so I was very  36 . Many times I didn’t even have time to buy lunch. He served me by giving me his food as well as advice. He   37   out what he taught us to do:   38  others.

The author William Arthur Ward  39 : “The mediocre(平庸的) teacher tells. The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher  40 .” Thank you Tony, for inspiring me.