Why doesn’t the unemployment rate ever reach zero? Economists, who generally believe that supply tends to meet demand, have long thought about this question. Even in good times, i.e. not now, there are people who can’t find work. And even in bad times, i.e. now, there are job openings. With over 14 million people out of work and looking for a job, you would think every available job would be filled. But that’s not the case. Not now and not ever.

　　On Monday, the Nobel Prize committee awarded the prize for economics to the three scholars who have done the most to explain this phenomenon. Two of the winners are Americans, Peter Diamond of MIT and Dale Mortensen of Northwestern. The third winner is Christopher Pissarides, who teaches at the London School of Economics and was born on Cyprus.

　　Like most of economics, what they have found about why the jobless and ready-employers don’t find each other seems obvious. You have to find out there is job opening you are interested in. Employers need to get resumes （简历）. It takes a while for both employers and employees to make the decision that this is what they want. And these guys came up with a frame-work to study the problem of why people stay unemployed longer than they should and what can be done about it.

　　So what would today’s Nobel Prize winners do to solve the current problem of the unemployed? And does the awarding of the prize contribute to the politicians’ lowering joblessness?

　　Speaking from his north London home, Pissarides told The Associated Press the announcement came as “a complete surprise” though his work had already helped shape thinking on both sides of the Atlantic.

　　For example, the New Deal for Young People, a British government policy aimed at getting 18-24-year-olds back on the job market after long periods of unemployment, “is very much based on our work,” he said.

　　“One of the key things we found is that it is important to make sure that people do not stay unemployed too long so they don’t lose their feel for the labor force,” Pissarides told reporters in London. “The ways of dealing with this need not be expensive training – it could be as simple as providing work experience.”

 

1.According to the writer, which is true about finding jobs?

　　A. It is always difficult to find a job.

　　B. Everyone can find a job in good times.

　　C. Contrary to popular belief, it is easier to find a job in bad times.

　　D. It is possible to find a job even in times as bad as now.

 

2. What is it that leads to their winning the prize?

　　A. They have found the reason for unemployment.

　　B. They have put forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployment.

　　C. They have found out why people don’t want to be employed.

　　D. They have long studied the problem of unemployment.

 

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Pissarides thinks his work surprising.

　　B. The work of Pissarides has influenced many economists.

　　C. Some of the winners’ ideas have been put into practice.

　　D. It is probable that unemployed young people in Britain benefit from Pissarides’ work.

 

4. According to Pissarides, _________ is effrctive in dealing with unemployment.

　　A. spending large sums of money on training

　　B. teaching some knowledge of economics

　　C. providing work experience

　　D. keeping people unemployed for some time

 

While I studied at school, I felt great difficulty in learning my Latin translations. I was always very 　36　in using a dictionary, and 　37　it most difficult, while to other boys it seemed no 　38　.

　　I formed an alliance(盟友) with a boy in the Sixth Grade. He was very clever and 　39　read Latin as easily as English. My friend for his part was almost as 　40　troubled by the English essays he had to write for the headmaster as I was 　41　these Latin words. We agreed together that he should 　42　me my Latin translations and that I should do his essays. The arrangement 　43　wonderfully. The headmaster seemed quite 　44　with my work, and I had more time to myself in the morning. On the other hand, once a week 　45　I had to compose the essays of my friend. For several months no difficulty 　46　, but once we were nearly caught out.

　　One afternoon, the headmaster 　47　my friend to discuss one essay with him in a lively spirit. “I was interested in this 　48　you make here. I think you might have gone further. Tell me 　49　you had in your mind.” The headmaster continued in this 　50　for some time to fear of my friend. However, the headmaster, not wishing to 　51　an occasion of praise into 　52　of fault-finding, finally 　53　him go. He came back to me like a man who had had a very narrow 　54　and I made up my mind to make every effort to study my 　55　.

1.A. quick　　　　 B. slow　　　　　 C. hard　　　　　　　 D. good

2.A. made 　　　　B. got 　　　　　  C. found 　　　　　　 D. left

3.A. trouble　　　　B. difference　　   C. labor 　　　　　　  D. worry

4.A. might　　　　　B. would 　　　　C. should　　　　　　  D. could

5.A. very 　　　　　B. little　　　　   C. much　　　　　　　D. few

6.A. for　　　　　　 B. by　　　　　　C. in　　　　　　　　 D. to

7.A. change　　　　　B. take　　　　　 C. forgive　　　　　  D. tell

8.A. worked　　　　　B. tried　　　　  C. happened　　　　　 D. developed

9.A. angry　　　　　　B. satisfied　　   C. frightened　　　　  D. sad

10.A. or so　　　　　　B. or else　　　   C. as usual　　　　　  D. as far

11.A. became 　　　　 B. seemed　　　　 C. lay　　　　　　　 D. appeared

12.A. called　　　　　　B. taught　　　　 C. arranged　　　　　 D. sent

13.A. aim　　　　　　　B. goal　　　　　 C. point　　　　　 　 D. opinion

14.A. why　　　　　　　B. how 　　　　　C. which　　　　　　 D. what

15.A. excitement 　　    B. way 　　　　　C. meaning 　　　　　D. disappointment

16.A. turn 　　　　　　 B. leave 　　　　 C. grow　　　　　　　D. become

17.A. none　　　　　　　B. one 　　　　　C. either　　　　　　 D. some

18.A. ordered　　　　　　B. asked 　　　　C. took　　　　　　　D. let

19.A. surprise 　　　　   B. escape　　　　C. hope　　　　　　　D. chance

20.A. reading　　　　　　B. writing 　　　 C. translations　　　   D. essays

 

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Are you truly hapy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? 71 The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.

　　*Make a plan for attaining goals that you lelieve will make you happy.Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.

　　*Surround yourself with happy people.It is easy to begin to think negatively(消极地) when you are surrounde by people who think that way. 72

　　*When something goes wrong,try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don't allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.

　　* 73 There few minutes will give you tthe opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.

　　* 74 Whether you treat yourself to lunch,take a long,relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance ,you will be subconsiciously(下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.

　　*Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.

　　*Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 75

A．What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.

B．On the contrary,if you are around people who are happy their emotional state will be infections.

C．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood.

D．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.

E.Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.

F.There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.

G.It's also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.

 

While I studied at school, I felt great difficulty in learning my Latin translations. I was always very 　36　in using a dictionary, and 　37　it most difficult, while to other boys it seemed no 　38　.

　　I formed an alliance(盟友) with a boy in the Sixth Grade. He was very clever and 　39　read Latin as easily as English. My friend for his part was almost as 　40　troubled by the English essays he had to write for the headmaster as I was 　41　these Latin words. We agreed together that he should 　42　me my Latin translations and that I should do his essays. The arrangement 　43　wonderfully. The headmaster seemed quite 　44　with my work, and I had more time to myself in the morning. On the other hand, once a week 　45　I had to compose the essays of my friend. For several months no difficulty 　46　, but once we were nearly caught out.

　　One afternoon, the headmaster 　47　my friend to discuss one essay with him in a lively spirit. “I was interested in this 　48　you make here. I think you might have gone further. Tell me 　49　you had in your mind.” The headmaster continued in this 　50　for some time to fear of my friend. However, the headmaster, not wishing to 　51　an occasion of praise into 　52　of fault-finding, finally 　53　him go. He came back to me like a man who had had a very narrow 　54　and I made up my mind to make every effort to study my 　55　.

A. quick　　　　 B. slow　　　　　 C. hard　　　　　　　 D. good

A. made 　　　　B. got 　　　　　  C. found 　　　　　　 D. left

A. trouble　　　　B. difference　　   C. labor 　　　　　　  D. worry

A. might　　　　　B. would 　　　　C. should　　　　　　  D. could

A. very 　　　　　B. little　　　　   C. much　　　　　　　D. few

A. for　　　　　　 B. by　　　　　　C. in　　　　　　　　 D. to

A. change　　　　　B. take　　　　　 C. forgive　　　　　  D. tell

A. worked　　　　　B. tried　　　　  C. happened　　　　　 D. developed

A. angry　　　　　　B. satisfied　　   C. frightened　　　　  D. sad

A. or so　　　　　　B. or else　　　   C. as usual　　　　　  D. as far

A. became 　　　　 B. seemed　　　　 C. lay　　　　　　　 D. appeared

A. called　　　　　　B. taught　　　　 C. arranged　　　　　 D. sent

A. aim　　　　　　　B. goal　　　　　 C. point　　　　　 　 D. opinion

A. why　　　　　　　B. how 　　　　　C. which　　　　　　 D. what

A. excitement 　　    B. way 　　　　　C. meaning 　　　　　D. disappointment

A. turn 　　　　　　 B. leave 　　　　 C. grow　　　　　　　D. become

A. none　　　　　　　B. one 　　　　　C. either　　　　　　 D. some

A. ordered　　　　　　B. asked 　　　　C. took　　　　　　　D. let

A. surprise 　　　　   B. escape　　　　C. hope　　　　　　　D. chance

A. reading　　　　　　B. writing 　　　 C. translations　　　   D. essays

　　Why doesn’t the unemployment rate ever reach zero? Economists, who generally believe that supply tends to meet demand, have long thought about this question. Even in good times, i.e. not now, there are people who can’t find work. And even in bad times, i.e. now, there are job openings. With over 14 million people out of work and looking for a job, you would think every available job would be filled. But that’s not the case. Not now and not ever.

　　On Monday, the Nobel Prize committee awarded the prize for economics to the three scholars who have done the most to explain this phenomenon. Two of the winners are Americans, Peter Diamond of MIT and Dale Mortensen of Northwestern. The third winner is Christopher Pissarides, who teaches at the London School of Economics and was born on Cyprus.

　　Like most of economics, what they have found about why the jobless and ready-employers don’t find each other seems obvious. You have to find out there is job opening you are interested in. Employers need to get resumes （简历）. It takes a while for both employers and employees to make the decision that this is what they want. And these guys came up with a frame-work to study the problem of why people stay unemployed longer than they should and what can be done about it.

　　So what would today’s Nobel Prize winners do to solve the current problem of the unemployed? And does the awarding of the prize contribute to the politicians’ lowering joblessness?

　　Speaking from his north London home, Pissarides told The Associated Press the announcement came as “a complete surprise” though his work had already helped shape thinking on both sides of the Atlantic.

　　For example, the New Deal for Young People, a British government policy aimed at getting 18-24-year-olds back on the job market after long periods of unemployment, “is very much based on our work,” he said.

　　“One of the key things we found is that it is important to make sure that people do not stay unemployed too long so they don’t lose their feel for the labor force,” Pissarides told reporters in London. “The ways of dealing with this need not be expensive training – it could be as simple as providing work experience.”

According to the writer, which is true about finding jobs?

　　A. It is always difficult to find a job.

　　B. Everyone can find a job in good times.

　　C. Contrary to popular belief, it is easier to find a job in bad times.

　　D. It is possible to find a job even in times as bad as now.

What is it that leads to their winning the prize?

　　A. They have found the reason for unemployment.

　　B. They have put forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployment.

　　C. They have found out why people don’t want to be employed.

　　D. They have long studied the problem of unemployment.

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Pissarides thinks his work surprising.

　　B. The work of Pissarides has influenced many economists.

　　C. Some of the winners’ ideas have been put into practice.

　　D. It is probable that unemployed young people in Britain benefit from Pissarides’ work.

According to Pissarides, _________ is effrctive in dealing with unemployment.

　　A. spending large sums of money on training

　　B. teaching some knowledge of economics

　　C. providing work experience

　　D. keeping people unemployed for some time