He was just 12 years old when he died. But he brought courage and hope to people around the world.

Nkosi Johnson, who died last June, is remembered today as an AIDS fighter. This young boy challenged his government’s AIDS policies and millions of South Africans in the fight against the disease.

Johnson was the longest survivor born HIV positive（艾滋病病毒携带者）.He survived with this deadly disease for 12 years before it claimed his life.

At first, Johnson was expected to live for nine months when his foster mother, Gail Johnson took him in at the age of two. She now runs Nkosi’s Haven across town from her house in Melville. The Haven is home to 20 children living with HIV or AIDS, and 11 of their mothers.

Johnson attracted the world’s attention and stole the hearts of thousands of people across the world at the 13^th International AIDS Conference in Durban in July 2000. He stood in front of a large audience including South African President Thabo Mbeki. He told them that he wanted AZT, a drug used to treat AIDS patients, to be given to HIV-positive pregnant（怀孕的） women to prevent the disease being passed on to their unborn babies. He received a loud cheer at the end of his speech.

Johnson’s speech was broadcast live across the world. With views beyond his age and even a sense of humor, Johnson soon became an international sign of the fight against AIDS and HIV.

1.The underlined words “claimed his life” (Paragraph 3) means _______.

A．did harm to Johnson’s life          B．helped Johnson to survive

C．caused the death of Johnson              D．made Johnson weak

2.The main idea in paragraphs 5 and 6 is ________.

A       Johnson attracted the world’s attention

B．Johnson stood in front of South African President Thabo Mbeki

C．Johnson wanted AZT to treat AIDS pregnant women

D．Johnson helped prevent the disease being passed on to an unborn baby

3.The AIDS child gave the speech in order to _________.

A．steal the hearts of thousands of people

B．be an AIDS fighter

C．get more help from the world

D．fight against the government

4.From the passage we can infer that _______.

         A．the government’s AIDS policies have to be improved

         B．the government did nothing to help those with HIV positive

         C．the boy’s speech changed the government’s policies

         D．no one lived longer than the boy

5.The best title for this passage is        .

         A．The Sad Story of an AIDS Child. B．The Courage of an AIDS Child

         C．AIDS, a Deadly Disease             D．A Hero in South Africa

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

A political scientist from Indiana University whose work exploring how people come together to preserve their collective resources may provide important clues in the fight against climate change has become the first woman to win the Nobel prize for economics.

Elinor Ostrom, 76, shares 2009 Nobel prize with fellow American academic Oliver Williamson, 77. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced to the world the pair had been chosen to win the 40th prize in economic sciences.

For Ostrom, the award came, as a "big surprise". To rise to the peak of her area of learning has been a big journey, as she has had to struggle against her own weaknesses and the barriers of the system. At school in Los Angeles, she suffered from stuttering. She also faced the barriers common to most women of her generation entering the sciences --- she was discouraged from taking a PhD when she applied for graduate school.

Her field of study has been striking for how cross-disciplinary it is. Early on she gained a reputation for bringing economics, political science and sociology together.

What interests her is how common property can be managed successfully through groups in society. The findings of her research have been striking, as the Nobel committee pointed out, because they have challenged the traditional assumption that common property is poorly managed unless it is either controlled by government or privatized. She has shown how different individuals can band together and form collectives that protect the resource at hand.

“A lot of people are waiting for more international co-operation to solve global warming.” Ostrom said , “It is important that there is international agreement, but we can be taking steps at family level, community level, civic and national level … There are many steps that can be taken. That will not solve it on their own but continuously will make a big difference.”

81. How did Ostrom feel when she got the prize?  (not more than 3 words)

82. What does “cross-disciplinary” mean according to the passage?  (not more than 9 words)

83. Why was Ostrom advised not to take a PhD when she applied for graduate school?  (not more than 9 words)

84. Why was Ostrom awarded the Nobel prize for economics?  (not more than 16 words)

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sri Lankan police made an appeal for the public to donate their pet dogs to help the fight against terrorism and crime on the war – torn island.
“Make your pet a hero－to detect terrorism and make our motherland Sri Lanka a country with a new facelift,” the police department said in a public notice carried by the state-run Daily News.
It said that donated dogs should be between six months and two years old and must have an impressive pedigree(血统). German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, Dalmatians, Cocker Spaniels and Doberman Pinschers are preferred.
Chief Inspector Lal Senavirathne said 25 people donated their pets, but only 18 dogs could be enlisted as the others did not meet the recruitment. He said the dogs would be trained to identify explosives, search for buried mines, sniff down drugs, deal with criminals and even perform tricks for the public. The dogs will retire after serving a maximum period of eight years and will be returned to their original owners.
“We already have 170 dogs deployed in 30 units, including the operational area or conflict areas in the island’s north and east”, Senavirathne told AFP by telephone from his headquarters in the central town of Kandy.
He said it was the first time they were making a public appeal because of pressure on the police kennels(养狗场), which usually import about half of their annual requirement.
“This time, we hope to enlist about 50 dogs. They will be given six months extensive training and another six months on the job,” he said. “Thereafter they will be officially called Police Dogs.”
Sri Lanka’s dog population is about 2.3 million while it has 19.5 million people, and about 20,000 to 30,000 people are annually treated for homeless dog bites.
56. What did the police mainly want people to do?
A. Offer their dogs to be Police Dogs.  B. Stop their dogs from biting people.
C. Take care not to lost their dogs.       D. Give their dogs good training.
57. To meet the requirements,         .
A. the dog’s age must be within a certain range   
B. the dogs must be ready for a lifelong job
C. the dogs must be of the same type           
D. the dogs must be experienced
58. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The number of dogs in the country is reasonable. 
B. Dogs will begin working immediately chosen.
C. Many dogs in the country are left uncared for.    
D. The country’s public order is very satisfying.
59. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Pet Dogs Want Training    B. The Shortage of Pet Dogs
C. Pet Dogs Can Help People       D. Pet Dogs Needed by the Country

With the fight against piracy ________, more and more people find that authentic CDs and DVDs deserve ________.

A．furthered; buying                       B．furthered; to buy

C．furthering; to be bought                  D．furthering; buying

No one knows yet the accurate number of lives which have been lost in this terrible fire. But reports suggest that it is more than one hundred.

A wall of fire fifty feet high and at least one hundred and fifty miles wide is now racing towards the forests and rich farmlands of southern Victoria. Towns less than one hundred miles from Melbourne will be in danger unless the wind changes. People are rushing excitedly into the streets. The police have warned them not to see the fire but many people are doing so.

The cause of the fire is unknown. No rain has fallen in this part of Australia for three months, and the hot, north-west wind from the great central desert is blowing at more than thirty miles an hour.

The firefighters are traveling to the fire by road, rail and air. But it is not easy to get there. Flames and fallen trees have cut off or blocked roads and railway lines. The thick smoke often prevents them from finding the air strips (飞机跑道).

It is said that the fire has brought the greater danger to the country since the Second World War.

By the time the article is written, the fire       .

    A. has just broken out B. has been put out

    C. is spreading fiercely    D. is coming to an end

The writer writes this article mainly to tell people       .

    A. the fire is terrible and dangerous

    B. it is very easy to put out the fire

    C. less than one hundred people die of the fire

    D. to join in the fight against the fire

In the 4th paragraph, the writer suggests (暗示) that       .

    A. the fire would be controlled by the firefighters very soon

    B. it will be very difficult to put out the fire

    C. the government is paying great attention to the fire

    D. the fire has caused great losses and the airport was in danger

The underlined word “ accurate ” in the first sentence has the same meaning as        .

    A. recent   B. false    C. rough（大约的）  D. exact