People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.

The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or get rid of anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.

Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroying a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.

1. People usually regard computers as      __________.

A. part of a network            B. means of exchanging intelligence

C. personal machines disconnected from outside

D. a small cabin at the end of a street .

2. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to      .

A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief

B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays

C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves

D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people

3. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT     .

A. attacking people’s e-mails .      B. destroying computer systems .

C. creating many electronic-age terms .      

D. entering into computer systems without being discovered

4. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that      _______.

A. some employees may erase information from some files

B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers

C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems

D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails

People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.

　　The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.

Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.

1. People usually regard computers as _________.

       A. part of a network           

       B. means of exchanging intelligence

       C. personal machines disconnected from outside

       D. a small cabin at the end of a street .

2. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to _________.

       A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief

       B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays

       C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves

       D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people

3. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT _________.

       A. attacking people’s e-mails .      B. destroying computer systems .

       C. creating many electronic-age terms .      

       D. entering into computer systems without being discovered

4. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that________.

       A. some employees may erase information from some files

       B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers

       C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems

       D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails

People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.

　　The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.

Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.

59. People usually regard computers as      .

         A. part of a network                

         B. means of exchanging intelligence

         C. personal machines disconnected from outside

         D. a small cabin at the end of a street .

60. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to      .

         A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief

         B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays

         C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves

         D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people

61. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT     .

         A. attacking people’s e-mails .         B. destroying computer systems .

         C. creating many electronic-age terms .        

         D. entering into computer systems without being discovered

62. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that     .

         A. some employees may erase information from some files

         B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers

         C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems

         D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails

根据首字母和汉语提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。

1. He became___________﹙完全﹚deaf during the last years of his life.

2. The production of this year has been__________﹙减少﹚by 30%.

3. He was badly injured in the accident, and now his life is in d________.

4.I don’t believe that computers will r________ human beings.

5. It’s___________﹙不寻常﹚for him to refuse a drink .

6. Most of the houses were d__________ in the terrible earthquake.

7. Computer is one of the greatest scientific____________﹙成就﹚.

8. There is no e___________ that he is a thief.

9. The books has a great ___________﹙影响﹚on his life.

10. He h________ his arms while playing basketball.

E

When New York City was not very big, there was a market on the East River. On market day all the farmers came there to sell their vegetable, butter and eggs, and fruit. They laughed and talked together, so no one could hear the river that ran beside them.

    But Hans ,the butterman , sat without a smile. He sold pounds of butter from a table beside him. Many people said that his butter wasn’t the right weight. They said that his rolls of butter didn’t weigh as much as a pound.

   Once the weighmaster came walking down the road. He was looking for people who did not sell the full weight. Someone told him, ”Watch Hans, the butterman.”

   Hans had good eyes. He saw the weighmaster and quickly put the piece of gold into the first roll of butter, between the butter and its cover.

   A captain was standing beside Hans’s table, and he had seen Hans put the piece of gold into the roll. He stood at Hans’s side when the weighmaster came up to him.

    “Good morning,” said the weighmaster.

    “Good morning,” said Hans. “I think that you are looking for farmers who trick the people of our town.

    “I’m,” said the weighmaster. “Someone told me that your rolls of butter don’t weigh a full pound.”

    “Oh yes, they do. Here, Weighmaster. Here is a roll of butter. Weigh it yourself,” said Hans.

    Hans took the first roll of butter and gave it to the weighmaster.

    The weighmaster took his scales and put the butter onto it. The roll weighed more than a pound.

    “I’ve made a mistake,” said the weighmaster. “You are an honest man. There is enough butter in this roll.”

    Then the captain stood in front of Hans’s table. “You are an honest man, so I want to buy some of your butter,” he said. Before Hans could speak, the captain picked up the roll of butter with the piece of gold in it. “I’ll take this one.”

    Hans’s heart began beating more quickly. “No, not that one. I’ve sold that one to a friend of mine. Take another one.”

    “No, I want this one,” said the captain.

     “I won’t sell it to you. I told you that I’ve sold it to a friend,” said Hans.

      “Don’t make me angry. The weighmaster weighed this roll. Give your friend another one.”

      “But I want to give him this one,” said Hans, who was now very uncomfortable.

      “I ask you, good Weighmaster,” said the captain angrily, “don’t I have the right to choose the piece of butter that I want? I will pay good money for it.”

    “Of course you have the right, Captain,” said the weighmaster. “What are you afraid of, Hans? Aren’t all the rolls of butter alike? Perhaps I have to weigh all of them.”

    What could Hans say? What could he do? He had to smile and sell the butter to the captain. The captain gave Hans three cents for the butter.

     The captain and the weighmaster walked away together.

     “You punished the thief,” said the weighmaster.

     “No, he punished himself,” said the captain, smile.

1. When Hans saw the weighmaster, he              .

A. stood up at once          B. said hello to the weighmaster

C. put a piece of gold into a roll of butter quickly

D. gave the weighmaster a piece

2. After the weighmaster weighed the roll of butter that Hans gave, he          .

A. thought Hans was an honest man

B. wanted to weigh all the other rolls of butter

C. wanted to buy a roll of butter from Hans

D. thought Hans was foolish

3. The captain wanted to buy butter from Hans            .

A. because he knew Hans was an honest man

B. because he wanted to punish Hans

C. to get the piece of gold in the butter

D. because the butter weighed more than a pound

4. Hans didn't want to sell that roll of butter to the captain because             .

A. he had sold it to someone else

B. he didn't like the captain

C. he didn't want to lose the piece of gold in it

D. it weighed more than a pound